tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-23978690782434693842024-02-20T06:22:52.978+05:30ශ්රීලංකාව” අසිංහල කොලනියකි මගේ රට “සිංහලේ රාජ්යයි”සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.comBlogger67125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-88646116558744653172022-09-04T07:16:00.001+05:302022-09-04T07:16:11.103+05:30ජපානය ජපනුන්ගේ රටනම් සිංහලේ සිංහලුන්ගේ රටයි.
ඇමරිකාව ඇමරිකානුවන්ගේ රටයි.
ජපානය ජපනුන්ගේ රටයි.
චීනය චිනුන්ගේ රටයි.
රුසියාව රුසියානුවන්ගේ රටයි.
සිංහලේ සිංහලුන්ගේ රටයි.
සිංහලේ රට(ceylon) 1815දි ගිවිසුමකින් ඉංග්රීසින්ට පවරනු ලැබිය. සිංහලේ රට(ceylon) වසර 133ක් ඉංග්රීසින් යටත් විජිතයක්ව පැවතිනි.
සිංහලේ රටට (ceylon)1948දී ගිවිසුමකින් නිදහස ලැබිණි.
1815දී පවරාදුන් සිංහලේරට(ceylon),1948දී සිංහලයින්ට ලැබී ඇත.
සිංහලේ රට (ceylon)පවරා දුන් සිංහලයින්ටම ලැබී ඇත.
සැම රටක්ම බුක්ති විදින නිදහස විදින්නට අපටද අයිතියක් ඇත.
ජාතික නිදහසට අත තබන්නට කිසිවෙකුට නොහැක.
ජාතික අයිතිය කෙලසන්නට කිසිවෙකුට අයිතියක් නොමැත.
ජාතික අයිතිය අපවිත්ර කිරීමට කිසිවෙකුට අයිතියක් නොමැත.
ජාතික නිදහස ජාතියේ උරුමයකි.
ජාතික නිදහස යටපත් කළනොහැකි සත්යකි.
ජාතික නිදහස ජාතියකට ඇති පරම අයිතියකි.
නිදහස ලබාදුන් ඉංග්රීසින්,සිංහලයින්ගේ නිදහසට ගරුකල යුතුය.
සියලු අසිංහල ජාතින් සිංහලයින්ගේ නිදහසට ගරුකළ යුතුය.
අසිංහලයින්ට සිංහලේ අයිතිවාසිකම් නැති බව දත යුතුය.
අසිංහලයින් සිංහලේ රැදී සිටීම වරදක් බව ඔවුන් දත යුතුය.
අසිංහලයින් සිංහල අයිතීන්වලට අත නොතැබිය යුතුය.
සිංහල අයිතීන් වලට අසිංහලයින් ගරු කල යුතුය.
එබැවින් සිංහලේ රටෙන් අසිංහලයින් පිටමං වියයුතුය
සිංහලයින්ගේ නිදහසට ගරු කරමින් අසිංහලයින්පිටමං විය යුතුය.සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-299187397962907982019-09-13T20:10:00.003+05:302019-09-13T20:15:24.005+05:30සින්දු <iframe src="https://www.opendrive.com/player/NTdfNzUxODgyMzlfTkhEMm0" height="25" width="297" style="border:0" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="true"></iframe><br />
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https://www.opendrive.com/player/NTdfNzUxODgyMzlfTkhEMm0සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-77074695077126408712016-09-20T14:04:00.000+05:302016-09-20T14:04:39.350+05:30යාපනේ දෙමළ රාජ්යය හා නිජබිමක සංකල්ප සම්ප්රදායික දෙමළ නිජබිම ඇත්තක්ද? බොරුවක්ද?
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Posted on February 21st, 2016</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoEe0QixdNQzdmGh0-4WEhGitApb8v5MM92V4t1-H_m_eMK9g8p0mo-U4iWjEj7zMpaU9idQvlwhiOd-P4KXZyKC-hRMMD_nOIFMuZBmoNWM9V59sXxoxbZBpgNiPN-Td2JLcwkmw6l_KD/s1600/251314_153555544716347_1199467_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="234" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoEe0QixdNQzdmGh0-4WEhGitApb8v5MM92V4t1-H_m_eMK9g8p0mo-U4iWjEj7zMpaU9idQvlwhiOd-P4KXZyKC-hRMMD_nOIFMuZBmoNWM9V59sXxoxbZBpgNiPN-Td2JLcwkmw6l_KD/s320/251314_153555544716347_1199467_n.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 22.5pt; mso-outline-level: 2; text-align: justify;">
<b><i><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: blue; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Trebuchet MS"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Trebuchet MS";">ආචාර්ය සූරිය ගුණසේකර</span></i></b><b><i><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></i></b><b><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <i>Courtesy </i></span></b><b><i><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: blue; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Trebuchet MS"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Trebuchet MS";">ඉරිදා
දිවයින</span></i></b></div>
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<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">ඊළම පිළිබඳව උතුරේ සිහිනය සඳහා පදනම
වැටෙන්නේ</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">උතුරු පළාත සහ නැඟෙනහිර පළාත සම්ප්රදායික
දෙමළ නිජභූමි යන සංකල්පය දෙමළ නායකයන් විසින් ප්රකාශ කිරීමත් සමඟය. සිංහල ජනතාව
විශ්වාස නොකරන සහ දෙමළ ජනතාව විශ්වාස කරන මෙම ප්රවාදය එයින් ලේ විලක් බවට රට
පත්ව තිබිණි. සංහිඳියාවේ නාමයෙන් හෝ ත්රස්තවාදය විනාශ කළ පමණින් ඊළාම් සිහිනය
බොඳ නොවී රැඳී පවතින්නේ මෙම සංකල්ප ගතවීම නිසාය. විපක්ෂ නායක සහ දෙමළ ජාතික
සන්ධානයේ නායකයා වන ආර්. සම්බන්ධන් මහතා විසින් පසුගිය </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">‘</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">දිවයින ඉරිදා සංග්රහය</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">’</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">ට ප්රකාශ කරන ලද්දේ තමන් ඉල්ලා සිටින්නේ
ඓතිහාසිකව පැවැතෙන දෙමළ නිජ භූමිය බවය. මේ සඳහා වන ප්රතිඋත්තර බැඳීම් කිහිපයක්
ලැබී ඇති බැවින් මෙම මාතෘකාව සඳහා සංවාදයක් ඇරඹීමට </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">‘</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">දිවයින</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">’
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">ඉඩ වෙන්
කිරීමට තීරණය කළෙමු. මේ එහි පළමු වටයයි.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">පසුගිය
පෙබරවාරි </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">14</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> දින ඉරිදා දිවයින පුවත්පතේ විපක්ෂ නායක
ආර්. සම්බන්ධන් මහතා විසින් දෙමළ රාජ්යයක් ගැන අදහස් දක්වා තිබිණි. එම කරුණු
ඓතිහාසික මූලාශ්ර ඇසුරින් ගොඩනැංවුණ තොරතුරු නොව ඊළාම් සාහිත්යය අයත් මෑත කාලයේ
ප්රබන්ධ කළ ඒවා වෙති. පුරාණ යාපනය (</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ancient
Jaffna) </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">නමැති
කෘතිය </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1919</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> දී සම්පාදනය කළ රාසනාගයම් මුදලි විසින්
ප්රකාශ කරන්නේ යාල්පානම් වයිපවමාලෙයි</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">පරරාජසේකරන්
උලෙයි</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">වයියා පඩාල්</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">කයිල්ය මාලෙයි වැනි පොත්වල ඇති උක්ත කතා
ගැහැනුන් තම දරුවන්ට නින්ද යනතුරු කියන ලද කතා බවය. මෙම කතා උපයෝගී කරගෙන
පේරාදෙණියේ ඉතිහාස කථිකාචාර්ය කේ. ඉන්ද්රපාලන් විසින් ලන්ඩන් විශ්වවිද්යාලයට </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1967</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> දී ඉදිරිපත් කළ ආචාර්ය උපාධිය සඳහා වන
නිබන්ධනය වූ </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Early<br />
Tamil Settlements in Jaffna </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">කෘතිය සඳහා පී. එච්. ඩී. (ආචාර්ය) උපාධිය
ලැබුණි. එහි කියෑවෙන්නේ </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1215</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> කාලිංග මාඝ ආක්රමණයේ පටන් යාපනේ වෙනම
දෙමළ රාජ්යයක් ඇතිවූ බවය. ෙ-. ආර්. ජයවර්ධන හිටපු ජනාධිපතිවරයා විශ්රාම සුවයෙන්
පසුවන </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1996</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> දී කීවේ මහාචාර්ය කේ. එම්. ද සිල්වා
විසින් තමාට විස්තර කළ පරිදි උතුර </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">–
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">නැඟෙනහිර
වෙනම දෙමළ රාජ්යයක් තිබූ නිසා </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1987</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> ඉන්දු </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">– </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">ලංකා ගිවිසුමෙන් එම භූමිය දෙමළ නිජබිම ලෙස
පිළිගෙන අත්සන් කළ බවය. දැන් සම්බන්ධන් මහතා ද එම කේ. එම්. ද සිල්වාගේ ඉතිහාසය පොත
බලන ලෙස අපට කියයි. එහි ඇත්තේ ඉන්ද්රපාලන්ගේ පී. එච්. ඩී. නිබන්ධනයේ ඇති කතන්දර
ඉතිහාසයයි.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">උතුරේ දෙමළ
රාජ්යයක් පැවතුණි නම් චෝල දේශයේ (තමිල්නාඩුවේ) බදු ගොඩනැඟිලි හා මාලිගා නටබුන්</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">දේවාල හා කෝවිල්</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">ගල් කණු</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">සෙල්ලිපි</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">මූර්ති හා කැටයම් ආදී පුරාවස්තු ද සාහිත්ය
කෘති ද තිබිය යුතුය. එබඳු කිසිවක් යාපනේ නැත. මන්ත්රී මාලිගය සපුමල් කුමරුගේය.
නල්ලූර් කෝවිල ඉදිකර වූයේ හයවැනි පැරකුම්බා රජුය.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">ජැප්නා
කිංඩම් යනු පෘතුගීසීන්ට සිදුවූ වැරැද්දක් පමණි. ලංකාවේ සිතියමක් නැති නිසා හා
රටේ අභ්යන්තරයේ විශාලත්වය හෝ තත්ත්වය නොදත් නිසා ලංකාව විශාල අධිරාජ්යයක් ලෙස
පරංගීහු සැලකූහ. එම්පරර් ඔෆ් කෝට්ටේ</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">කිං ඔෆ්
සීතාවක</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">කිං ඔෆ් රයිගම</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">කිං ඔෆ් ගම්පල</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">කිං ඔෆ් ජැෆ්නා ආදී නම් භාවිතා කළේ එම
කිංලාගේ කිංඩම්ස් ද සඳහන් කරමිනි. ඉංග්රීසීන් ගෙනවුත් පදිංචි කරවූ දෙමළ
කතාකරන්නන් (දෙමළ හා මුස්ලිම්) බලාකියා ගැනීම ඔවුන්ගේ යුතුකමක් විය. ඉතිහාසය
ලිවූ ඉංග්රීසීහු සීතාවක</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">රයිගම</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">ගම්පල හලා
දමා ජැෆ්නා කිංඩම් හා කිං ඔෆ් ජැෆ්නා පමණක් ඉතිරි කළහ. </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">µ</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">්ර</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">න්සිස්කෝ
නිගරෝ පියතුමා විසින් සම්පාදනය කරන ලදුව ක්වේරෝස් පියතුමා විසින් ප්රසිද්ධ කළ </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Temporal and Spiritual Conquest of Ceylon </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">කෘතියේ
කියවෙන්නේ කිංඩම් </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">14</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> ක් තිබූ බවය. ඒ ඔවුන්ගේ දැනුමේ ප්රමාණයයි.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">යාපනය
පාලනය කළේ ජැෆ්නාපටම් හි සිටි මුදලි විසිනි. යාපනය වන ලැහැබ් සහිත කැලෑවක් මිස
රාජධානියක් නොවේ. උතුරේ වැදිආරච්චි (වඩමරච්චි) නැඟෙනහිර පස්හෙලපාලි
(පච්චලිප්පලෙයි)</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">දකුණෙහි තෙන් ආරච්චි (තෙන්මරච්චි) හා
බටහිර වැලිගම (යාපනය) යන ආරච්චි වසම් හතර වෙරළ ආසන්නයේ තිබූ කුඩා ජනාවාස හතරයි.
මුදලි යනු </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">මුදල්</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">”
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">යන
අර්ථයයි. යාපාපටුනේ රේගු බදු හා වරාය බදු මුදල් අය කළ නිසා ඔහු මුදලි ලෙස හැඳින්
වුණ බව ක්වේරෝස් ග්රන්ථය පවසයි. මාතොටද මුදලිවරයෙක් විය.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.
1619</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> දී සන්කිලිගෙන්
පෘතුගීසීන් යාපනය අල්ලාගත් විට ගිවිසුමක් අත්සන් කරන ලදී. එය සිංහල හා පෘතුගීසි
දෙබසින් සැකසිණ. සංකිලිගේ බිසව බෞද්ධ කාන්තාවකි. ඔහුගේ ඇමැතිවරු දසදෙනාම සිංහලය.
අගමැති ආනන්ද අමරකෝන්ය. (ක්වේරෝස් ග්රන්ථයා</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">යාපනය
පාලනය කළ පෘතුගීසි කැප්ටන්ට වැඩි පැමිණිලි ගණනක් ලැබුණේ පරංගි සෙබළුන් විසින්
භික්ෂූන්ට හා විහාරස්ථානවලට අගෞරව හා හානි කරන බවටය. මේ බෞද්ධයන්ගේ පැමිණිලිය.
(ලිස්බන් කෞතුකාගාර ලේඛන)</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">යාපනය මුස්ලිම්
වෙළෙඳ නගරයක් බව ක්</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">වේරෝස් පවසයි. සිංහල හා දකුණු ඉන්දියානු
වෙළෙඳුන්ද ඔවුන්ට සේවා සපයන්නවුන්ද මලබාර් (දෙමළ) ධීවරයන්</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">ද</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">තැනින් තැන
වූ ජනාවාසවල විසූහ. (ක්වේරෝස්) ගොවිතැන් ගැන සඳහන් නැත. සිංහලයන් හැරුණු විට
ඉතිරි ජනගහනය වූයේ ඉඩම් අහිමි කලින් කලට එන සංක්රමණිකයන්ය. (ක්වේරෝස්)</span></div>
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<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7.
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">අලිමංකඩින්
දකුණෙහි සිංහල රජුගේ නිලධාරීහු පාලනය කළහ. උතුරට ගෙනගිය භාණ්ඩවලට බදු අයකිරීම
අලිමංකඩදී සිදුවිය. යාපාපටුනින් එන දකුණු ඉන්දීය ආක්රමණවලට මුහුණදී පරාජය කිරීමට
කිලිනොච්චි අසල රණමඩුව වැව (ඉරණමඩු) ආශ්රිත එම යුද ජනපදය අනුරාධපුර යුගයෙහි සිට
පැවතුණි. වඩාත් උතුරේ පිහිටි සිංහලයාගේ විශාල වැව හා විශාල ජනපදය එය විය. (ක්වේරෝස්)</span></div>
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<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">8.
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">ඕලන්ද
පාලනය යටතේ යාපනයේදී වෙළෙඳ බෝගයක් වන දුම්කොළ වගාව අරඹන ලදී. මුලදී මේ සඳහා ඉඩම්
බද්දට ලබාගත් අතර වැඩිම බදු මුදල වූ රික්ස් ඩොලර් </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4000</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> ගෙවන ලද්දේ රත්නසිංහ නම් අයකුටය. (හේග්
කෞතුකාගාර ලිපි ලේඛන) පසුව වගාකරුවන්ට ඉඩම්වල අඛණ්ඩ අයිතිය ලබාදීම සඳහා </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1707</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> දී </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">තේසවලමෙයි</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">” </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">නීතිය ඇතිකෙරිණි.</span></div>
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<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">9.
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">ඕලන්ද පාලන
සමයේ නැඟෙනහිර පළාත පූර්ණ සිංහල පළාතකි. ෂෂ රාජසිංහ විසින් ත්රිකුණාමලයේ ත්රිකෝණ
කොටුව (ගලේ කොටුව) බඳින ලදී. මේ අසල කොට්ටියාරයට ගොඩබැසි රොබට් නොක්ස්
පියපුතුන් කැඳවාගෙන ගියේ මහනුවර රජු වෙතටය.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10.
1761</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> යාපනේ දක්වන
ඕලන්ද සිතියමෙහි චාවාකච්ෙච්රිය අසල (තෙන් ආරච්චි ජනාවාසයේ) කුඩා වැව් </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">21</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> ක් දක්වා ඇත. මේ තනි සිංහල ජනපදයකි.
එමෙන්ම තම දේශසීමාව වූ අලිමංකඩ අසල ඕලන්ද බලකොටුව සිතියමෙහි දැක්වේ. ඉන් දකුණ
රජුගේ පාලනයයි.</span></div>
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<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">11.
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">මහනුවරට
විරුද්ධව ඕලන්දයන් කළ ආක්රමණ අසාර්ථකවීම නිසා ජාන් මක්කාර් ඕලන්ද නිලධාරියා කළේ
දෙමළ අය ලවා වැරදි ඉතිහාසයක් ලියවීමය. ඉල්ලීම පිළිගත් මයිල්වාතනම් පුලවර් විසින්
යාල්පානම් වයිපව මාලෙයි ලියා තෑගිබෝග හා මුදලි තනතුරක්ද ඕලන්දයන්ගෙන් ලබාගනී. </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">18</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> සියවසේ යාපනවාසීන් දැන සිටි කරුණු විජය
කුමරුගේ පටන් දක්වන්නට ගොස් පුලවර් තම කෘතිය මහා පැටලුම් ජාලයක් කරගෙන ඇත.
සම්බන්ධන් මහතා ඇතුළු ඊළාම්වාදීන් ඊට </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">දෙමළ
මහවංශය</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">” </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">යනුවෙන් කියති. එහි එන සෑම කරුණක්ම ගොතන
ලද ව්යාජ ඒවා බව ඔප්පු කළ හැක.</span></div>
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<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">12.
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">උතුරු හා
නැඟෙනහිර පළාත්වල (ඊනියා දෙමළ නිජබිමේ) මුහුදුබඩ දිගට ගව්වක් පළල ඇති බිම්පටියක්
</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1766</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> දී හඟුරන්කෙත ගිවිසුම මගින් ඕලන්දයන්
විසින් ලබාගත්තේ මහනුවර කීර්ති ශ්රී රාජසිංහ රජුගෙනි.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">13.
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">බ්රිතාන්ය
පෙරදිග වෙළෙඳ සමාගම </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1796</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> දී ඕලන්දයන් සතු මුහුදුබඩ ප්රදේශ ලබා
ගැනීමේදී යාපනය හඳුන්වන්නේ යාපනේ දිසාවනිය (</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Jaffna
Disawani) </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">යනුවෙනි.
ඕලන්දයන් පෘතුගීසීන්ගෙන් ලබාගන්නේද යාපනේ දිසාවනියයි. මේ සිංහල රජුගේ </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">දිසාව</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">”
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">නමැති
යාපනය දිසාවනිය බව පැහැදිලිය.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">14.
1818</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> ඇතිවූ
වෙල්ලස්ස නිදහස් අරගලය යාපනයටත් මුළු ලංකාවටත් තීරණාත්මක විය. තමනට අවිශ්වාසී වූ
උඩරට රදල ප්රභූවරුන් සම්පූර්ණයෙන් වාෂ්පකර ඔවුන් තනතුරුවලින් ඉවත් කිරීම බ්රවුන්රිග්
ආණ්ඩුකාර තැන විසින් කරන ලදී</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">ඉදිරියට
පරිපාලනයට සහභාගි කරගන්නා අලුත් පංතිය උතුරේ දෙමළ කතාකරන අය අතුරින් බිහිකර ගැනීමට
(</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Elite<br />
class) </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">ඇමෙරිකන්
චර්ච් මිෂනාරින්ව ඉංග්රීසි ඉගැන්වීමට යාපනයට යෑවීය. අනාගතයේදී ලංකාවේ පාලක මධ්යම
පන්තිය උතුරේ දෙමළ උගතුන්ගෙන් ඇති කිරීමේ එම ක්රියාවලිය අද ඊළාම් සටන යනුවෙන්
හැඳින්වේ. </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1818</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> අරගලය නිසා සිංහලයන්ගෙන් පළිගැනීමේ ක්රියාවලිය
එදා සිට අද දක්වා ක්රියාත්මකය.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">දෙවැනි කොටස</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">15.
1640</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> ක්වේරෝස්
සඳහන් කළ යාපනේ කැලෑව </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1830</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> ජන. </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">25</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> දිනත්
එසේමය. යාපනේ කලෙක්ටර් (දිසාපති) කෝල්බෲක්ට මෙදින එය පැවසීය. ස්ථිර ජනගහනයක්
නැති රජයේ හෝ පුද්ගලික ඉඩම් නැති ගොවිතැන් නැති කැලෑවෙන් වැසුණු වාරිමාර්ග ක්රම
නැති යාපන අර්ධද්වීපයක් ගැන කලෙක්ට සාක්ෂි දී ඇත. එනිසා කෝල්බෲක් යෝජනා කළේ
යාපනය දෙමළ කතා කරන්නන්ගෙන් ජනාවාස කිරීම ගැනය. පාරවල් සෑදීමට දකුණු ඉන්දියාවෙන්
ගෙනා දෙමළ කතාකරන අය තම </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">15</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> අවුරුදු කොන්ත්රාත්තුව අවසන් වූ පසු
ඔවුන්ගේ රටට නොයවා යාපනේ පදිංචිකරවා ඉඩම් හිමිකම ලබාදී ගොවි උපකරණ</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">සතුන් හා ගොවිතැන් කිරීමේ දැනුම ලබාදීම
නිර්දේශ කළේය.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">ඉඩම් අයිතිය සදාකාලිකව ස්ථිරකර දීමට තේසවලමෙයි
සම්ප්රදාය මෙරට නීති පද්ධතිවලට ඇතුළත් කළේ කොමිසමේ දෙවැනි කොමසාරිස් කැමරන්ය.
සිංහලයාගේ හිස් මුදුනට මෙසේ ඇණය ගසා ඉන් නොනැවතී ලංකාව පළාත් </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> ට බෙදීය. </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1833</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> දී ඉන්
බෙදුණු උතුරු හා නැගෙනහිර පළාත් අවුරුදු </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3000</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> ක් පැරණි
දෙමළ නිජබිම විය. පුදුමය නම් ජයවර්ධන ජනාධිපති එය පිළිගෙන </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1987</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> ජුලි </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">29</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> ගිවිසුමට
අත්සන් කිරීමය. ජනාධිපතිවරයකුට රට ගැන දැනුමක් තිබිය යුතු බව මින් පෙනේ. ලංකාවේ
මුස්ලිමුන් දෙමළ කතාකරන්නේ ඔවුන් පාරේ වැඩට ආ අය නිසා බවත් ඔවුන්ද පාරේ භාෂාව</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">කතාකිරීමට පටන්ගත් බවත් කැප්ටන් ස්නයිඩර්
පවසයි.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">16.
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">උතුරේ
බිහිවන නව උගත් මධ්යම පන්තියට දේශපාලන බලතලද ලබාදිය යුතු බව කෝල්බෲක් දිටී.
එබැවින් ආසියාවේ ප්රථම වරට ලංකාවේ ව්යවස්ථාදායක සභාවක් ඇතිකිරීමට යෝජනා කළේය. </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">96%</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> වූ සිංහලයන්ට හා </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3%</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> වූ දෙමළ කතාකරන අයට දේශපාලන සම තත්ත්වය
ලබාදීම ඉන් අදහස් කළේය. ඉංග්රීසි උගතුන් දෙමළ නිසා පරිපාලනයේ පහළ මට්ටමේ දෙමළ
අයට ආනිවාර්යයෙන් හිමි විය.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">17.
1880</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> දී පමණ
ඉංග්රීසි උගත් සිංහල මධ්යම පන්තියක් බිහිවන විට දෙමළ අය දේශපාලනයේ හා පරිපාලනයේ
වැජඹුණි. </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1874</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> පී. අරුණාචලම් කේම්බ්රි- එම්. ඒ.
සමර්ථවී ලංකාවට ආ විට කොළඹ වරාය ජැටියේ සිට ඔහුගේ නිවසට රික්ෂෝව ඇදගෙන ගියේ සිංහල
ප්රභූවරුන්ය. ඉංග්රීසි උපාය සාර්ථකව තිබිණි.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">18.
1914</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> දී උගත්
ලාංකිකයන්ට තම ඡන්දයෙන් මන්ත්රීවරයකු පත්කර ගැනීමට මැකලම් ප්රතිසංස්කරණ ඉඩදුන්
විට සිංහල ප්රභූහු තම දොස්තර මාකස් ප්රනාන්දු පරදවා පී. රාමනාදන්ව ජයග්රහණය
කරවූහ.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">19.
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">දෙමළ
නායකත්වය පිළිගැනීම හේතුවෙන් සිංහල</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">දෙමළ</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">මුසිල්ම හැම දෙනාම පී. අරුණාචලම් විසින්
නායකත්වය සපයමින් </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1918 </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">දී ලංකා ජාතික සංගමය පිහිටුවා සභාපතිද
විය.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">20.
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">අනපේක්ෂිත
සිදුවීමක් නිසා </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1920</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> මැනිං ප්රතිසංස්කරණ වලින් දෙමළ දේශපාලන
ප්රමුඛත්වය බිඳවැටුණි. උගත් ලාංකිකයන්ගේ ඡන්දයෙන් මන්ත්රීන් </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">16</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> ක් ව්යවස්ථාදායකයට පත්කර ගැනීමට ඉඩ
දුන් විට සිංහල </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">13</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> ක් හා දෙමළ </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">03</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> ක් තේරුණි. එවිට රාමනාදන් හා අරුණාචලම්
සහෝදරවරු ලංකා ජාතික සංගමයෙන් ඉවත් වී දෙමළ මහජන සභාව ඇරඹූහ.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">21.
1931</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> සිට
ඩොනමෝර් ආණ්ඩුක්රමය යටතට සර්වජන ඡන්ද බලය නිසා දෙමළ දේශපාලන බලය තවත් පිරිහී
ගියේය. නමුත් දෙමළ පරිපාලන බලය එසේම විය. </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1931</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> දී සර්ව
සිංහල කැබිනට් මණ්ඩලයක් ද බිහිවුණි. දැන් දෙමළ ඉල්ලීම වූයේ ලංකාවේ පාලන බලය නොව
පනහට පනහේ සිංහල </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">– </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">දෙමළ සමතැන් බලයයි.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">22.
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">සෝල්බරී
කොමිසම මගින් ලංකාවට පාර්ලිමේන්තු ආණ්ඩුවක් නිර්දේශ කරන ලදී. එවිට </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1946</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> ජුනිවලදී ආණ්ඩුකාර මේසන් මුවර් විසින්
සිංහල මහ සභාව</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">දෙමළ කොංග්රසය හා මුස්ලිම් ලීගය කැඳවා
විමසුවේ </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">පාර්ලිමේන්තු ආණ්ඩුවක් දීමට ප්රජාතන්ත්රවාදී
දේශපාලන පක්ෂ කෝ</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">” </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">යනුවෙනි. මෙම සිංහල</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">දෙමළ හා මුස්ලිම් සංවිධාන තුන එකතු
වීමෙන් වුවද පක්ෂයක් සෑදිය හැකි බවට ආණ්ඩුකාරයා පොඩි </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">අයිඩියාවක්</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">” </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">දුණි. එය පිළිගත් සිංහල මහ සභාව</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">ලංකා දෙමළ කොංග්රසය හා මුස්ලිම් ලීගය
එකතුවී තුන්ගොල්ලට </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1/3 + 1/3 + 2/3</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> බල ව්ය</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">q</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">හයක් ඇති
වඅබෝධය පිට </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1946.09.06</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> දින සංවිධාන තුන එකතුකර යුනයිටඩ් නැෂනල්
පාටි ලෙස ඉංග්රීසීන්ගේ වුමනවාට පක්ෂයක් සෑදූහ.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">23.
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">දෙමළ මුස්ලිම්
(</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1/3 + 1/3 + 2/3) </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">බලය නිසා
සෝල්බරි ව්යවස්ථාවේ </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">29</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> වගන්තිය මගින් ලංකාව ගැන සිංහලයාට ඇති
අයිතිය වක්ර ලෙස නැතිකර දැමිණ. දෙමළ හා මුස්ලිම් අයට නැති අයිතියක් සිංහලයාට
නැති බව ඉන් කියවුණි.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">24.
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">මෙම සිංහල</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">දෙමළ</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">මුස්ලිම්
සම අයිතිය සහතික වීමට සංකේතයක් ලෙස </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1951</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> දී ජාතික
සිංහල කොඩිය තුළට මුස්ලිම් හා දෙමළ වර්ගයා ද ඇතුළත් කෙරිණි.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">25.
1956</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> දී බණ්ඩාරනායක
විසින් </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">S</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">සබය්කැ</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">se
s</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">ය්කක ඉ</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">එයෑ දබැ දසෛජස්ක ක්බටම්ටැ සබ </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ce</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">හකදබ ලෙස සිංහල එක් රාජ්ය භාෂාවක්
පමණක් කරන ලදී.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">26.
1972</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> දී
මැතිනියගේ ආණ්ඩුව විසින් රටේ නම ශ්රී ලංකා ලෙස වෙනස් කර ජාතිය ශ්රී ලාංකික ලෙස
වෙනස් කළාය. දැන් </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1/3 + 1/3 + 1/3 } 3/3</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> එවිට ස්ථිරය
සිංහලයා තවදුරටත් ජාතිය නොව ජන වර්ගයකි. ශ්රී ලාංකික ජාතිය තුළ ඔහු </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1/3</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> ක ජන වර්ගයක් වන්නේය. එදා </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1833</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> දී </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">96%</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> හා </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3%</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> පිරිස්වලට ව්යවස්ථාදායකයේ සමාන
නියෝජනය ලැබීමට එය සමානය. එමෙන්ම ලංකාව </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">19</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> සියවසේ
යුරෝපියන් විසින් ශිෂ්ටාචාර කළ රටක් නොවේ.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">27.
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">සියල්ල
සැකසුණ විට </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1976</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> වඩුක්කොඩේ සම්මේලනයේ සිට ඊළාම් සටන
ඇරැඹුණි. දේශපාලන පෙරමුණ</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">සන්නද්ධ පෙරමුණ හා ජාත්යන්තර පෙරමුණ
(ඩයස් පෝරාව) ලෙස පෙරමුණු </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> ක් සටන
සඳහා විය.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">28.
1978</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> ව්යවස්ථාවෙන්
බහුජාතික කොඩිය ව්යවස්ථා ගත කරන ලදී. ශ්රී ලාංකික ජාතියක් මිස සිංහල ජාතිය හෝ
සිංහල කොඩිය කතාකළ විට දඩයමට ලක්වේ.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">29.
1987</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> ජුලි </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">29</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> දින එල්. ටී. ටී. ඊ. සංවිධානයට ත්රස්තවාදයෙන්
බැහැර වී දේශපාලනයට අවතීර්ණ වීම සඳහා පළාත් සභා විසඳුම ලබා දුණි. ඉන්දු </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">– </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">ලංකා ගිවිසුම මගින් ජනාධිපති හා රජය
විසින් සම්බන්ධන් මහතා පවසන බොරුව වන උතුරු </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">–
</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">නැඟෙනහිර
දෙමළ නිජබිම පිළිගෙන අත්සන් කෙරිණි. </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2009</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> මැයි මස </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LTTE </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">පරාජය වූ පසු දැන් දේශපාලන පෙරමුණ ක්රියාත්මකය.
ඊට අර්ධ ස්වාධීන පාලන ක්රමයක් උතුරේ ලබාදී ඇත. දැන් සටන වී ඇත්තේ රටේ බලය උතුරට
හා නැඟෙනහිරට බෙදා ගැනීමටය.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1818</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> සිට </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1948</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> දක්වා ඉංග්රීසීන් ඉටුකළ කොටස </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1948</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> සිට මේ දක්වා වඩාත් හොඳින් ඉටුකිරීමට
පසුගිය </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">68</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> වසර තුළ මෙරට බලයට පත්වූ එ.ජා.ප. සහ ශ්රීලනිප
රජයන් විසින් වගබලාගෙන ඇත. </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1948</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;"> දී නිදහස
ලැබුණේ රටට හා ජාතියට ගැළපෙන අන්දමින් රට වෙනස් කර ගැනීමට බව මේ අඳබාලයෝ නොදනිති.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: 16.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="SI-LK" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-language: SI-LK; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">ආචාර්ය සූරිය ගුණසේකර</span></div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike>සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-38198868642228156382015-06-21T23:01:00.000+05:302015-06-21T23:31:12.659+05:30සිංහල රට කොහෙද කියා ඔන්න බලාගන් ඇමතියෝ ඔන්න බලාගන්<br />
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;">ආදියේ සිට මේ දිවයින සීහල , සීහලක , සිංහල හා එහා නම් වලින් උපතලද සින්හලාන් , සේය්ලාන් සිලෝන් , සිහෝල් , ආදී නම් වලින් හැඳින්විණි සංස්කෘත පොත්වල සිංහල නාමය බහුලව යෙදී ඇත . සමන්තපාසාදිකා අටුවාවේ එය ”සීහල ” ලෙස සිටී දෙමල පොත්වල ” සින්ගලම් ‘ ලෙසද තැනෙක”ඊලම් ‘ ලෙසද ඇත . සීහලම් , ඊළාම් ලෙස බින්දී ඇත . චීන්නු යෙදුවේ” සෙන් – කියා -ල ” යනුවෙනි අරාබින් ‘සරන්දිබ් ” ලෙස ලිව්වේ සීහල දීප ” යන්නය . ටොලමි” සලිකේ ” නමින් ලිව්වෙ සීහලක නම විය හැක තවත් අරාබි වචනයක් නම් සිංහල ද්වීප යන්නට සමාන ”සිං ගල් දිබ් ” යන්නය තිකුනාමලයේ නිත්තුප්පානේ සෙල්ලිපියක ”’ සිං ඝලේන්ද්ර ශිලාමෙඝ ”යනුවෙන් ඇත </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> වයඹ දිග ඉන්දියාවේ පළමුවන සිය වසට අයත් ඛරෝෂ්ටි ශිලා ලේඛන දෙකකම ‘සිංහල නමින් පුද්ගල නාම දැක්වේ තැනෙක ”සිංහ’ ” නමින්ද තවතනෙක ”’සිහිලකගේ යහළු සිංහ මිත්ර ‘ යනුවෙන් ඇත . ලංකාවේ බ්රාහ් මී ශිලා ලිපියක”’සිධ සිහස බමනහ ‘ය් දැක්වේ සිහස යනු ” සිංහගේ ‘ යනුය්. . ඉන්දියාවේ සමුද්ර ගුප්ත රජුගේ — ක්රි ව 4 සියවස –” ලිපියක අපරට වැසියන් ”’සයින්හලක ”’ එනම් සිංහලේ නිවැසියන් ලෙස හඳුන්වා ඇත . නාගාර්ජුන කොණ්ඩයේ සෙල්ලිපියක ” සීහල සංඝ ” නම් භික්ෂුන් පිරිසක් විසින් එහි ආරාමයක් කරවූ බව සඳහන්ය . ඒ 4 වන සියවසේදීය . සීහල දේශයෙන් ගිය සංඝයා සීහල සංඝ වුයේ අන්ග්ලොවරුන්ගේ රට ඉංග්ලන්ඩ් වූ ලෙසිනි මහා භාරතයේ එක කොටසක ”සින්හලාන් ලෙසද තැනෙක ”සින්හලාහ් ” ලෙසද ඇත . විභීෂණ සීතාට සිංහලයන්ගේ රට පෙන්වූ හැටි ‘බාල රාමායනයේ ” දැක්වේ රාජසුය යාගය සඳහා සිංහල රජුන් පැමිණි බව මහා භාරතයේ රාජසුය පර්වයේ දැක්වේ අලහබාද් ප්රශස්තියක ” සයින්හලික ” නම් වචනයක් ඇත . බුධ්ධගයාවේ සෙල්ලිපියක ”සිංහලද්වීප ජන්මනා …..” ලෙසද කෞටිල්ය අර්ථ ශාස්ත්රයේ ”’සිංහල ද්වීපේ මයුර ග්රාමේ කුලා නාම නදී ”’ යනුවෙන් දෙතනකම ඇත . ඉන්දීය ඉතිහාසයට ආලෝකය සැපයු ”මන්ජුශ්රී මුල කල්පයේ ”” සිංහල ද්වීප වාසීනඃ ”’යය දැක්වේ .</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> සිංහලය මුතු උපදිනා ආකාර අටෙන් එකකි ——රත්න පරීක්ෂා —</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> සිංහලය මුතු උපදින පළමුවෙනි තැනය — අගස්ති මතය මේ තැන්වල කෙලින්ම රට සිංහල නමින් හඳුන්වා ඇත </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;">” සිංහලයෙහි ”’පලිඟු ගැන ”යුක්ති කල්ප තරුවෙහි ”භෝ ජ රාජ’ විසින් දක්වා ඇත සිංහලය ”මුතුකෙත ” බව නවරත්න පරීක්ශාවෙහි දැක වේ</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> පාලියෙන් සීහල වශයෙන්ද සකුවෙන් සින්හලාහ් සහ සින්හලාන් ලෙසද දෙමලෙන් ”ඊලවාර් ” සිංහල ජනයා හඳුන්වා ඇත . පාලියෙන්” සීහල දීප ” සකුවෙන් සිංහල ද්වීප ” ලෙසද දෙමලෙන් ”ඊළාම් ” යනුවෙන්ද මේ දේශය හැඳින්වුනේය .රාජරාජ චෝල රජුගේ ගේ ලිපිවල මේ රට ”ඊල මණ්ඩලම් ” නමින් දැක්වේ ”’සින්ගලම් එන්රදු ඊල නාට්ටේ අන්දෝ එන්රැදු සින්ගලම් චෝල් ” යනුවෙන් පවනන්දී පිරිවජිගේ නන්නුල් වියරණයෙහි කියන්නේ ” සිංහල නම් ඊල දේශය ” යනුවෙනි ”සින්ගලර් ” නමින්ද දෙමලෙන් සිංහලයන් හඳුන්වා ඇත ”කලින්ගත්තුප්පරනී දෙමල කාව්යයේ ”සින්ගලර් වන්කලර් ”හා රාජරාජ චෝලගේ ”මුරට්ටෝලීල් සින්ගලර් ඊල මණ්ඩල ‘මුම් ‘ යන පාඨ .බලන්න . වීර සෝලියම් ව්යාකරණයේ ”සින්න්ගලවන් පෙසුවදු සින්ගලම් යනුවෙන් පවසා ඇත්තේ ”සිංහලයා දොඩ න බස සිං හල නම් වේ ” යනුවෙන්ය .</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;">2 කොටස පසුව</span><br />
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<span class="article_header" style="color: #990000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.8em; font-weight: bold; line-height: normal; margin: 30px 0px 0px; text-align: left; widows: auto;">සිංහල රට කොහෙද කියා ඔන්න බලාගන් ඇමතියො ඔන්න බලාගන් -2 කොටස</span><br />
<span class="date" style="line-height: normal; text-align: left; widows: auto;">Posted on June 18th, 2015</span><span style="line-height: normal; text-align: left; widows: auto;"></span><br />
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<h2 style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.3em; margin: 30px 0px 0px;">
<span style="color: blue;"><em>ධර්මසිරි සෙනෙවිරත්න</em></span></h2>
<span style="font-size: 12pt;">1999 දී මා විසින් ලියා පල කල” ජාතිය පාවාදීම ” නම්වූ පොතේ මේ ලිපි මාලාවේ සඳහන් කරුණු සවිස්තරාත්මකව ඇත . ඒ පොතට හැඳින්වීමක් සැප යුවේ ඇති පූජ්ය ගංගොඩවිල සෝම හිමියන්ය විජේදාස රාජපක්ෂ ඇමති වරයා ප්රසිධියේ සිංහල නතය් ප්රසිධියේ කියා සුලුවාර්ගික චන්ද වලට කෙල හලන්විට මට එක වරටම මතක්වුයේ ”ජාතිය පාවා දීම යනවචනයය් .ඒ සමගම සෝම හිමියන්වය් .සෝම හිමියනි ඔබවහන්සේ නැති රටේ දැන් පජාතිකයෝ පාවාදෙන්නෝ වැහි වහැලාය මන්ත්රී සර ත් වීරසේකර සමග සසඳනවිට මේ විජේදාස රාජ පක්ෂ සමස්ත සිංහල ජාතිය විනාශ කිරීම සඳහා පහල වූ පවුකාර ද්රෝහියෙකි . රනිල් ගෙන් මේ ප්රකාශය පිටවුනානම් පුදුමයක් නොවේ නමුත් ගමෙන් ආ දාසයා දැන් ගමට හාම්පුතාවෙන්නට යන්නේ පරයින් පිනවා ලැබෙන බලයෙනි ඒ කය් කන ගා ටුව</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> කොහොම වුනත් කාරී නෑ අන්ද බාලයින්ගේ ඇස ඇරවීම අපේ යුතුකමක් නිසා ඉතා අමාරුවෙන් හෝ මේ කරුණු ඉදිරිපත් කරමි ගැමුණු විජයබා පැරකුම් විහාරමහාදේවී පරපුරේ සිංහල බෞධ්ධයිනි ලොව කොහේ හිටියත් මේ කරුණු ඉගෙන ගෙන ඔබේ රට රැකගැනීම සඳහා ක්රියාත්මක වන්න මේ කරුණු සොයා ගැනීම සඳහා විශාල මහන්සියක් දැරීමට සිදුවිය. හිත හොඳ වුවත් බොහෝ මෝඩ ශ්රී ලනිපයෝ ඉතිහාසය නොදත් කමින් රට ද්රෝහිවී ඇත්තේ නුගත් කම නිසා ය . වෙනස සැ පදුන්නේද යනුවෙන් නැවත සිතා බලන්නට මේ කරුණු ප්රයෝජනවත්වෙවා </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> සීහලට්ඨ කතා යය් සමන්ත පාසාදිකාවේ දැක්වෙන්නේ සිංහල භාෂාවෙන් ලියවුන අටුවා ගැනය . සිංහල භාෂාව ව්යවාහාරවුනේ සිංහල රටේ ය . සිංහල භාෂාව ,, හෙළ බස හා එළු බස නමින්ද හැදින්වේ දම්පියා අටුවා ගැටපදයේ සිංහල ජනතාව ”හෙලු ” යනුවෙන් සඳහන්ය ”’මගධ බසින් වැටෙ මින් ආ බුදුකුලි අටුවා හෙළ දිවැ ඇ ජූරෝ හෙලු බසින් තැබුහ ” ය් 10 සියවසේ ලියු දම්පියා අටුවාවේ එය් . බුදුගොස් හිමි 5 සිය වසේදීපාලියට නැගුවේ ක්රි පුර්ව 3 සියවසේ සිංහල රටේ දී සිංහලයන් විසින් සිංහලෙන් ලියැවී තිබු 1 මහා ,,2 පච්චරී 3 කුරුන්දට්ඨ යන</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> අටුවාවන්ය මේ අටුවා 12 වන සියවස තෙක්ම පැවති බව පොළොන්නරු යුගයේ සාරීපුත්ත ටීකාචාරීන්ගේ ග්ර න්තවලින් පෙ.නේ . ගැඹුරු බුදු දහම මිහිඳු හිමියන් විසින් දේශනාකර තේරුම් කලේ මිනිසුන්ට නොතේරෙන බසකින් නොව සිංහල යන්ගේ සින්හල බසිනි . මේ දහම”’සීහල අටුවා ‘ වුයේ රටේ හිටියේ සිංහල මිස වෙනත් උන් නොවන නිසාය </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> දෙවන පෑතිස් සො යුරු උත්තිය රජුගේ සෙල්ලිපියක ”””””’ ගමනි උති දෙවන පිය මහරජ හ ……ශුමන දෙවිය ලෙනෙ …………””’ වැනි වචන අද සිංහලට ද සමානය </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> 3 කොටස පසුව </span><br />
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<span class="article_header" style="color: #990000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.8em; font-weight: bold; line-height: normal; margin: 30px 0px 0px; text-align: left; widows: auto;">සිංහල රට කොහෙද කියා ඔන්න බලාගන් ඇමතියෝ ඔන්න බලාගන් 3 කොටස</span><br />
<span class="date" style="line-height: normal; text-align: left; widows: auto;">Posted on June 18th, 2015</span><span style="line-height: normal; text-align: left; widows: auto;"></span><br />
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<h2 style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.3em; margin: 30px 0px 0px;">
<span style="color: blue;"><em>ධර්මසිරි සෙනෙවිරත්න</em></span></h2>
<span style="font-size: 12pt;">උත්තිය රජුගේ කාලයේ ලියවුන භාෂාවෙන් ම තවත් සියවස් ගණනාවක්ම ලිපි ලියා ඇත . මේ භාෂාවෙන් හා මේ අක්ෂර වලින් ලියු ලිපි දිවයිනේ සතර දිග භාගයේම ඇත . මෙයින් පෙනී යන්නේ සෑ ම අස්සක් මුල්ලක් නාරම එකම භාෂාවක් භාවිතා වූ බවය් එය සිංහලය . මේ දක්වා හමුවී ඇති ලේඛන ගත කල ලිපි 3000 ඉක්මවය් විනාශවූ ඒවා කොපමණද නොදනිමු 1911 බෙල් මහතා විසින් දැක්වූ ලිපි සිය ගණනක් දැන් අස්ථාන ගතය . ක්රි පුරවා යුගයට අයත් ශිලා ලිපි 1276 ක් පරණ විතාන ගේ සෙල් ලිපි සංග්රහයේ ඇත . තල් පත් කෙතරම් තිබෙන්නට ඇත්ද .</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> අය්යෝ ශය්යෝ විජේදාස .</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> මෙසේ එකල භාවිතාවූ භාෂාව ””සීහල භාසා ” ලෙස පැරණි ග්රන්ථ වල දැක්වේ ” එත්ථ සීහල භාසං භිත්වා ” ය් වන්සත්තපකාසිනියේ එය් මනෝරත පුරනියේ ” සීහල භාසා ” ලෙස දැක්වේ .” සීහල භාස නමස්කාර වන්නනා ” නම් පොතේ නමින්ම භාෂාව කුමක් දය වැටහේ . දිවයින පුරාම පැතිරුණ මේ බස ” දීප භාසා ” නම්විය ධම්ම පදට්ට කතාවේ ” දීප භාසාය ඝන්ටිතා ” ලෙසද මහාවංශයේ ” ධම්මං භාසිත්වා දීප භාසාය එවං ” ලෙස ඇත . සමන්ත පාසාදිකාවේ ” සීහල දීපක වාක්ය ” ලෙසත් අත්තසාලිනියේ ” දීපවාසීනං භාසාය ” ලෙසත් දැක්වේ .</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> 10 වන සියවසේ 5වන කාශ්යප රජු ලියු දම්පියා අටුවා ගැටපදයේ දීප භාෂා යන්නෙහි එකම අදහස සිංහල බස බවත් මේ දීප වාසීන් සිංහල බවත් විස්තර කොට කියය් ( අහෝ ඉතින් මේ අම්බරුවා තවත් උම්බෑ කීයය් . අහෝ ඛේදයකි )</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> මහාවංශ තුපවංශ දාඨ වංශ කේසධාතු වංශ බෝධි වංශ ආදී සියල්ල මෙන්ම දීප වංශයද මුලින්ම ලිව්වේ සින්හලෙන්ය . ක්රිව 336 බුද්ධදාස රජුගේ කාලයේ මහා ධම්ම කින් නම් තෙරණුවෝ සුත්ර පිටකයෙහි කොටස් සිංහලට නැගු බව සඳහන්ය . ක්රි වර්ෂ 5 සියවසේ සීගිරි ගී ඇරඹිණි . ක්රිව 6 සියවසේ මුගලන් රජු සිංහල කවියෙන් බුදුදහම ලිව්වේය ඒ කාලයේම අග්බෝ රජු දවස දොළොස්මහ සිංහල කවීන් ගැන කියවේ ‘ ක්රිව 4 සියවස පමණ දක්වා සිංහල ප්රාක්ක්රුතය භාවිතාවී ඉන්පසුව වෙනස් ස්වරුපයක් ගත ”ආදී සිංහලය ”ක්රිව 8 සියවස පමණ වන තෙක් භාවිතා විය ක්රමයෙන් ප්රාක්රුතයෙන් මිදී විකා ශනනයට පත් විය ක්රිව 4 සියවසේ රචිත අපේ මුල්ම වංශ කතාව වන දීපවංශයේ ”’ ලන්කාදීපෝ අයං ආහු සීහෙන සින්හලා ඉති ”’ – —– ලංකා දිවයින සිංහයා නිසා සිංහල නමින් හැඳින්විණි —– යය කියය් ( අම්බරුව ඔලුව උස්සා බලව )</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> ඉතිහාසය කන්නදය් අසන ජාතියේ මෙන්ම කවදාවත් කාලෙන ධම්ම සාකච්චා නොකරන බය්ලා කාරයන්ට මේ ලිපිය වහ කදුරු විය හැක ඔවුන් මට පලු පැලෙන්නට බනිනු ඇත . එහෙත් මේ අම්බරුවන් කමතේ දඟලමින් පහරමින් යන විට රන්වන් බත පෑගී පෑගී මැ ඩු වන් ඉස්මතුවෙන නිසා ඇතිවෙන වේදනාව තුනී කර ගැනීමට ලියමි තව තවත් ලියමි </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> සිංහල දේශයේ ඉපිද ඒ දේශයේම හැදී වැඩී සිහලුන්ගේ කරපිටින්ම ගොස් බලය ලබාගෙන උන්ගේ ඔලුවලම පහරන පාහරයින් හඳුනාගැනීමට උත්සාහ කරවූ සිහලුනි </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> 4 කොටස පසුව සිංහල රට කොහෙද කියා ඔන්න බලාගන් ඇමතියෝ ඔන්න බලාගන් 3 කොටස </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;">ධර්මසිරි සෙනෙවිරත්න </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> උත්තිය රජුගේ කාලයේ ලියවුන භාෂාවෙන් ම තවත් සියවස් ගණනාවක්ම ලිපි ලියා ඇත . මේ භාෂාවෙන් හා මේ අක්ෂර වලින් ලියු ලිපි දිවයිනේ සතර දිග භාගයේම ඇත . මෙයින් පෙනී යන්නේ සෑ ම අස්සක් මුල්ලක් නාරම එකම භාෂාවක් භාවිතා වූ බවය් එය සිංහලය . මේ දක්වා හමුවී ඇති ලේඛන ගත කල ලිපි 3000 ඉක්මවය් විනාශවූ ඒවා කොපමණද නොදනිමු 1911 බෙල් මහතා විසින් දැක්වූ ලිපි සිය ගණනක් දැන් අස්ථාන ගතය . ක්රි පුරවා යුගයට අයත් ශිලා ලිපි 1276 ක් පරණ විතාන ගේ සෙල් ලිපි සංග්රහයේ ඇත . තල් පත් කෙතරම් තිබෙන්නට ඇත්ද .</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> අය්යෝ ශය්යෝ විජේදාස .</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> මෙසේ එකල භාවිතාවූ භාෂාව ””සීහල භාසා ” ලෙස පැරණි ග්රන්ථ වල දැක්වේ ” එත්ථ සීහල භාසං භිත්වා ” ය් වන්සත්තපකාසිනියේ එය් මනෝරත පුරනියේ ” සීහල භාසා ” ලෙස දැක්වේ .” සීහල භාස නමස්කාර වන්නනා ” නම් පොතේ නමින්ම භාෂාව කුමක් දය වැටහේ . දිවයින පුරාම පැතිරුණ මේ බස ” දීප භාසා ” නම්විය ධම්ම පදට්ට කතාවේ ” දීප භාසාය ඝන්ටිතා ” ලෙසද මහාවංශයේ ” ධම්මං භාසිත්වා දීප භාසාය එවං ” ලෙස ඇත . සමන්ත පාසාදිකාවේ ” සීහල දීපක වාක්ය ” ලෙසත් අත්තසාලිනියේ ” දීපවාසීනං භාසාය ” ලෙසත් දැක්වේ .</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> 10 වන සියවසේ 5වන කාශ්යප රජු ලියු දම්පියා අටුවා ගැටපදයේ දීප භාෂා යන්නෙහි එකම අදහස සිංහල බස බවත් මේ දීප වාසීන් සිංහල බවත් විස්තර කොට කියය් ( අහෝ ඉතින් මේ අම්බරුවා තවත් උම්බෑ කීයය් . අහෝ ඛේදයකි )</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> මහාවංශ තුපවංශ දාඨ වංශ කේසධාතු වංශ බෝධි වංශ ආදී සියල්ල මෙන්ම දීප වංශයද මුලින්ම ලිව්වේ සින්හලෙන්ය . ක්රිව 336 බුද්ධදාස රජුගේ කාලයේ මහා ධම්ම කින් නම් තෙරණුවෝ සුත්ර පිටකයෙහි කොටස් සිංහලට නැගු බව සඳහන්ය . ක්රි වර්ෂ 5 සියවසේ සීගිරි ගී ඇරඹිණි . ක්රිව 6 සියවසේ මුගලන් රජු සිංහල කවියෙන් බුදුදහම ලිව්වේය ඒ කාලයේම අග්බෝ රජු දවස දොළොස්මහ සිංහල කවීන් ගැන කියවේ ‘ ක්රිව 4 සියවස පමණ දක්වා සිංහල ප්රාක්ක්රුතය භාවිතාවී ඉන්පසුව වෙනස් ස්වරුපයක් ගත ”ආදී සිංහලය ”ක්රිව 8 සියවස පමණ වන තෙක් භාවිතා විය ක්රමයෙන් ප්රාක්රුතයෙන් මිදී විකා ශනනයට පත් විය ක්රිව 4 සියවසේ රචිත අපේ මුල්ම වංශ කතාව වන දීපවංශයේ ”’ ලන්කාදීපෝ අයං ආහු සීහෙන සින්හලා ඉති ”’ – —– ලංකා දිවයින සිංහයා නිසා සිංහල නමින් හැඳින්විණි —– යය කියය් ( අම්බරුව ඔලුව උස්සා බලව )</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> ඉතිහාසය කන්නදය් අසන ජාතියේ මෙන්ම කවදාවත් කාලෙන ධම්ම සාකච්චා නොකරන බය්ලා කාරයන්ට මේ ලිපිය වහ කදුරු විය හැක ඔවුන් මට පලු පැලෙන්නට බනිනු ඇත . එහෙත් මේ අම්බරුවන් කමතේ දඟලමින් පහරමින් යන විට රන්වන් බත පෑගී පෑගී මැ ඩු වන් ඉස්මතුවෙන නිසා ඇතිවෙන වේදනාව තුනී කර ගැනීමට ලියමි තව තවත් ලියමි </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> සිංහල දේශයේ ඉපිද ඒ දේශයේම හැදී වැඩී සිහලුන්ගේ කරපිටින්ම ගොස් බලය ලබාගෙන උන්ගේ ඔලුවලම පහරන පාහරයින් හඳුනාගැනීමට උත්සාහ කරවූ සිහලුනි </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> 4 කොටස පසුව සිංහල රට කොහෙද කියා ඔන්න බලාගන් ඇමතියෝ ඔන්න බලාගන් 3 කොටස </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;">ධර්මසිරි සෙනෙවිරත්න </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> උත්තිය රජුගේ කාලයේ ලියවුන භාෂාවෙන් ම තවත් සියවස් ගණනාවක්ම ලිපි ලියා ඇත . මේ භාෂාවෙන් හා මේ අක්ෂර වලින් ලියු ලිපි දිවයිනේ සතර දිග භාගයේම ඇත . මෙයින් පෙනී යන්නේ සෑ ම අස්සක් මුල්ලක් නාරම එකම භාෂාවක් භාවිතා වූ බවය් එය සිංහලය . මේ දක්වා හමුවී ඇති ලේඛන ගත කල ලිපි 3000 ඉක්මවය් විනාශවූ ඒවා කොපමණද නොදනිමු 1911 බෙල් මහතා විසින් දැක්වූ ලිපි සිය ගණනක් දැන් අස්ථාන ගතය . ක්රි පුරවා යුගයට අයත් ශිලා ලිපි 1276 ක් පරණ විතාන ගේ සෙල් ලිපි සංග්රහයේ ඇත . තල් පත් කෙතරම් තිබෙන්නට ඇත්ද .</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> අය්යෝ ශය්යෝ විජේදාස .</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> මෙසේ එකල භාවිතාවූ භාෂාව ””සීහල භාසා ” ලෙස පැරණි ග්රන්ථ වල දැක්වේ ” එත්ථ සීහල භාසං භිත්වා ” ය් වන්සත්තපකාසිනියේ එය් මනෝරත පුරනියේ ” සීහල භාසා ” ලෙස දැක්වේ .” සීහල භාස නමස්කාර වන්නනා ” නම් පොතේ නමින්ම භාෂාව කුමක් දය වැටහේ . දිවයින පුරාම පැතිරුණ මේ බස ” දීප භාසා ” නම්විය ධම්ම පදට්ට කතාවේ ” දීප භාසාය ඝන්ටිතා ” ලෙසද මහාවංශයේ ” ධම්මං භාසිත්වා දීප භාසාය එවං ” ලෙස ඇත . සමන්ත පාසාදිකාවේ ” සීහල දීපක වාක්ය ” ලෙසත් අත්තසාලිනියේ ” දීපවාසීනං භාසාය ” ලෙසත් දැක්වේ .</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> 10 වන සියවසේ 5වන කාශ්යප රජු ලියු දම්පියා අටුවා ගැටපදයේ දීප භාෂා යන්නෙහි එකම අදහස සිංහල බස බවත් මේ දීප වාසීන් සිංහල බවත් විස්තර කොට කියය් ( අහෝ ඉතින් මේ අම්බරුවා තවත් උම්බෑ කීයය් . අහෝ ඛේදයකි )</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> මහාවංශ තුපවංශ දාඨ වංශ කේසධාතු වංශ බෝධි වංශ ආදී සියල්ල මෙන්ම දීප වංශයද මුලින්ම ලිව්වේ සින්හලෙන්ය . ක්රිව 336 බුද්ධදාස රජුගේ කාලයේ මහා ධම්ම කින් නම් තෙරණුවෝ සුත්ර පිටකයෙහි කොටස් සිංහලට නැගු බව සඳහන්ය . ක්රි වර්ෂ 5 සියවසේ සීගිරි ගී ඇරඹිණි . ක්රිව 6 සියවසේ මුගලන් රජු සිංහල කවියෙන් බුදුදහම ලිව්වේය ඒ කාලයේම අග්බෝ රජු දවස දොළොස්මහ සිංහල කවීන් ගැන කියවේ ‘ ක්රිව 4 සියවස පමණ දක්වා සිංහල ප්රාක්ක්රුතය භාවිතාවී ඉන්පසුව වෙනස් ස්වරුපයක් ගත ”ආදී සිංහලය ”ක්රිව 8 සියවස පමණ වන තෙක් භාවිතා විය ක්රමයෙන් ප්රාක්රුතයෙන් මිදී විකා ශනනයට පත් විය ක්රිව 4 සියවසේ රචිත අපේ මුල්ම වංශ කතාව වන දීපවංශයේ ”’ ලන්කාදීපෝ අයං ආහු සීහෙන සින්හලා ඉති ”’ – —– ලංකා දිවයින සිංහයා නිසා සිංහල නමින් හැඳින්විණි —– යය කියය් ( අම්බරුව ඔලුව උස්සා බලව )</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> ඉතිහාසය කන්නදය් අසන ජාතියේ මෙන්ම කවදාවත් කාලෙන ධම්ම සාකච්චා නොකරන බය්ලා කාරයන්ට මේ ලිපිය වහ කදුරු විය හැක ඔවුන් මට පලු පැලෙන්නට බනිනු ඇත . එහෙත් මේ අම්බරුවන් කමතේ දඟලමින් පහරමින් යන විට රන්වන් බත පෑගී පෑගී මැ ඩු වන් ඉස්මතුවෙන නිසා ඇතිවෙන වේදනාව තුනී කර ගැනීමට ලියමි තව තවත් ලියමි </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> සිංහල දේශයේ ඉපිද ඒ දේශයේම හැදී වැඩී සිහලුන්ගේ කරපිටින්ම ගොස් බලය ලබාගෙන උන්ගේ ඔලුවලම පහරන පාහරයින් හඳුනාගැනීමට උත්සාහ කරවූ සිහලුනි </span><br />
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<span class="date" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; widows: auto;">Posted on June 18th, 2015 http://www.lankaweb.com</span></div>
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සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-20371309649771995602015-06-17T03:13:00.003+05:302015-06-17T03:13:31.752+05:30දෙමළාට දෙමළ වීම නිසාම තිබෙන ප්රශ්නය<div class="clearfix" style="background-color: white; color: #141823; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16px; widows: auto; zoom: 1;">
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දෙමළාට දෙමළ වීම නිසාම තිබෙන ප්රශ්නය - 11 - කොටස - නිර්මාල් රංජිත්ට පිළිතුරු</h2>
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ප්රථමයෙන්ම කිව යුත්තේ ආචාර්ය නිර්මාල් විසින් කමෙන්ටු මත පදනම් කරගෙන ලිපි ලිවීම අනුමත කළ නොහැකි බවයි. මා මේ කමෙන්ටුව දැමූ අවස්ථාවේම මේ ප්රශ්නය නිරාකරණය කර ගැනීමට අවස්ථාව තිබිණි. අනෙක් අතට කමෙනටුවක අර්ථය වටහාගැනීමට ඊට පෙර සහ පසු කමෙන්ටු මෙන්ම එය පදනම් වූ ලිපියද කියවිය යුතුය. එය වෙහෙසකර මෙන්ම කාලය මිඩංගු වන ක්රියාවකි. එහෙත් ආචාර්ය නිර්මාල්ගේ ලිපිය කියවන බොහෝ දෙනෙක් ඒ ගැන කරදර වේයැයි සිතිය නොහැකිය. මෙයින් සිදු වන්නේ කමෙන්ටුවක දැක්වෙන අදහසක් උපුටාගෙන එයින් තමාට අවශ්ය පරිදි විවිධ අර්ථ ජනිත කිරීමට අවස්ථාවක් ලැබීමයි. එය අනුමත කළ නොහැකිය. මේ කාරණාවට ආචාර්ය නිර්මාල් රංජිත් වරක් එකග වූ අතර එහෙත් නැවතත් ඔහු එයම සිදු කර ඇත. එය ඔහුගේ ආචාර ධර්මවලට එකගදැයි නොදනිමි. ඔහුට අනුව ආචාරධර්ම වාස්තවික බැවින් ප්රශ්න කිරීමකින් තොරවම ඊට අනුගත වීමට මට සිදුව ඇත්තේය. </div>
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අප කියන්නේ විවිධ ජනවර්ග සහ ආගම් අදහන අය අනුකලනයෙන් ශ්රීලාංකීය හෝ එවැනි ජාතියක් (ඒ නම එතරම් වැදගත් නොවේ) නිර්මාණය කරගත යුතුබවය. එය සිදු විය යුත්තේ ඒ ඒ ජනවර්ග සහ ආගම් අදහන අයගේ අනන්යතාව රැකෙන පරිදිය. සිංහල බෞද්ධ සංස්කෘතිය එහිදී විශේෂිත සංස්කෘතිය ලෙස සැලකිය යුතු බව අපි කියමු. ඕනෑම රාජ්යයක විශේෂිත වූ සංස්කෘතියක් ඇති අතර දෙමළ ජාතික රාජ්යයක් බිහිවුවද එහිද විශේෂිත සංස්කෘතියක් පවතිනු ඇත. වාර්ගික වශයෙන් හෝ ආගමික වශයෙන් බෙදීමකින් තොරව පොදු ජාතිකත්වයක් ගොඩනැගීමට ඇති ක්රමය මෙය වෙයි. මෙය කිසිසේත්ම ඊනියා දෙමළ නිජබිම වැනි වර්ගවාදී මතවාදයක් නොවන බව කිව යුතුය. ලංකාවේ ජීවත් විය යුත්තේ සිංහල ජනයා පමණක්ය හෝ සිංහල නොවන ජනයාට යම් කිසි භූමියක ජීවත් විය නොහැකිය කියා මින් නොකියවෙයි. ඕනෑම ජනවර්ගයක ඕනෑම ආගමක කෙනෙකුට රටේ ඕනෑම තැනක ජීවත්වීමට මේ යටතේ අවස්ථාව සැලසෙයි. වාර්ගික පදනමෙන් තොරව සියල්ලන්ටම සමානාත්මතාවයෙන් සැලකීමද එවැනි රාජ්යයකින් සිදු විය යුතුය. එහෙත් සංස්කෘති සමාන කිරීම කළ නොහැක්කකි. ඕනෑම රාජ්යයක විශේෂිත සංස්කෘතියක් ඇති අතර මෙහිදී එය සිංහල බෞද්ධ සංස්කෘතිය වනු ඇත. ඇත්ත වශයෙන්ම වෙන් කිරීමෙන් නොව අනුකලනයෙන් ජාතිය ගොඩනැගීමම සිංහල බෞද්ධ සංස්කෘතියේ එන අදහසක් වෙයි. ඒ නිසා මේ ක්රමයට ජාතිය ගොඩනැංවීමේදී සිංහල බෞද්ධ සංස්කෘතිය විශේෂිත සංස්කෘතිය වන්නේ බලහත්කාරයෙන් නොව නිරායාසයෙන්මය. අනෙක් අතට ඊනියා දෙමළ නිජබිමෙන් යෝජනා කෙරෙන එක් ජනවර්ගයකට විශේෂිත වූ භූමිභාගයක් වෙන් කිරීම හෝ වෙනත් ජනවර්ගවලට ඒ ප්රදේශයේ පදිංචි වීම සීමා කිරීම වර්ගවාදයකට සහ ජාතිවාදයකට මගපාදන්නකි. එහිදී නම් ගොඩනගන දෙමළ ජාතික අනන්යතාව සෙසු ජනකොටස් බැහැර කරන අනන්යතාවයක් බව කිව යුතුයි. මෙහි කිසිදු දෙබඩි පිළිවෙතක් නැති අතර අපි යෝජනා කරන පිළිවෙත මෙයයි. වාර්ගික පදනමින් ‘පොඩ්ඩක්‘ බලය බෙදා ‘ෂේප්‘ විය හැකියැයි අපි නොසිතමු. එයින් සිදු වන්නේ වාර්ගිකව බෙදීම තවත් උච්ඡ වීමය. ඇත්ත වශයෙන්ම එය නම් දෙබිඩි පිළිවතකි. මන්ද ශ්රී ලංකීය ජාතියක් ගොඩනැගීම ගැන කතාකරමින් ඊට පටහැනිව යන වාර්ගිකව බෙදීමකට එයින් මග පෑදෙන බැවිනි. </div>
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කෙසේ වෙතත් ඒ මහතා දක්වා ඇති කමෙන්ටුවට පසුව මම තවත් විස්තරාත්මකව මේ ගැන පැහැදිලි කළ බවක් මගේ මතකයේ ඇත. මා ඇසූ ප්රශ්නය සැකැවින් මෙයයි. </div>
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“දෙමළ ජනතාව සිය රාජ්යය ලෙස පනවාගන්නා භූමිය සිංහල ජනතාවගේ දැනට පවතින රාජ්යයේ කොටසක් නම්, දෙමළ ජනතාවගේ රාජ්යයේ අභිලාශය සාක්ෂාත් කිරීමට සිංහල ජනතාවගේ රාජ්ය පිළිබද සාක්ෂාත් වූ අභිලාශය නොසලකා හැරිය යුත්තේ මන්ද?“ යන්න එම ප්රශ්නයයි. මා ඒ අවස්ථාවේ භාවිත කළ වචන හරියටම මතක නැති මුත් මා මතු කරන්නට උත්සාහ කළ ප්රශ්නය මීට සමාන යැයි සිතමි. මේ අදහස තුළ නිර්මාල් රංජිත් මහතා සදහන් කරන ‘සුජාත භූමිය‘ වැන කතාවක් නැත. හුදෙක් අභිලාශවල සමමිතිකත්වය පිළිබද ප්රශ්නයකි මෙය. දෙමළ ජනතාවගේ අභිලාශවලට අසමමිතික වැදගත්කමක් දිය යුත්තේ ඇයිද යන්න ඒ ප්රශ්නයම වෙනස් ආකාරයකින් ඇසීමකි. </div>
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නිර්මාල් මහතා මීට දෙන පිළිතුර සිංහල අභිලාශය පරිකල්පනීය වන අතර දෙමළ අභිලාශය සංකේතීය වන බවය (මෙහිදී ඒ මහතා මනෝවිශ්ලේෂණයේ ඇති සංකල්පයක් යොදා ගනී. පොපර්ගේ අසත්යකරණ න්යාය පිළිගන්නා ඒ මහතා පොපර් විසින් මිත්යා ලෙස සැලකූ මාක්ස්වාදය සහ මනෝවිශ්ලේෂණය අදහන්නේ මන්ද?) . මේ සංකේතීය යන වදනින් යථාර්තවාදී බවක් හැගවෙන බවද කියා ඇත. සංකේතීය කතාව ඉවත් කළොත් සිංහල අභිලාශයට වඩා දෙමළ අභිලාශය යථාර්තවාදී යැයි අපට කිව හැකිය. එහෙත් සිංහල අභිලාශවලට වඩා දෙමළ අභිලාශ යථාර්තවාදී වන්නේ කෙසේදැයි ඒ මහතා පැහැදිලි නොකරයි. ඒ මහතාට අනුව සිංහලයන්ගේ රාජ්ය පිළිබද දැක්ම ඓතිහාසික ෆැන්ටසියකි. ඒ මහතා දෙමළ ජනතාවගේ ඓතිහාසික දැක්ම mythical construction එකක්යැයි වරක් කීවා මට මතකය. ඒ නිසා ඒ දෙකේ වැඩි වෙනසක් තිබිය නොහැකිය (කෙසේ වෙතත් ඒ මහතා ‘සම්ප්රදායික‘, ‘ඓතිහාසික‘, ‘නිජභූමිය‘, ‘අනාදිමත් කාලයක සිට වෙසෙන‘ වැනි යෙදුම් දෙමළ ජනතාවගේ රාජ්ය අභිලාශය සම්බන්ධයෙන් වරින් වර එහෙන් මෙහෙන් හොරෙන් හොරෙන් භාවිත කරයි. ඓතිහාසික පදනමකින් තොරව එවැනි වචන යොදාගත හැකිද යන්න මට ප්රශ්නාර්ථයකි. කොටින්ම ‘නිජබිම‘ යන වචනයෙන් සෘජුවම හැගවෙන්නේ ඓහිහාසික පදනමකි).</div>
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කදුරුගොඩ පිළිබදව හෝ ලන්දේසි සිතියම් ගැන නිර්මාල් මහතා දරන මතය අයත් වන්නේ මේ මිත්යා දෙකෙන් කොයිකටද? සමහර විට මේ දෙකෙන්ම බැහැර නිරපේක්ෂ ඉතිහාසය කතාවක් ගොඩනැගීම ඒ මහතාගේ අපේක්ෂාව විය හැකිය. එවැනි නිරපේක්ෂ ඉතිහාස කතාවක් ආචාර්ය නිර්මාල් රංජිත්ගෙන් ඇසීමට අපි පුල පුලා බලා සිටිමු. විශේෂයෙන්ම ආචාර්ය නිර්මාල් රංජිත් දෙමළ ප්රශ්නය ගැන දරන අපක්ෂපාතී මැදහත් ස්ථාවරය මත ඔහු විසින් ගොඩනගන ඉතිහාස කතාවද එවැනිම මැදහත් අපක්ෂපාතී නිරපේක්ෂ එකක් වනු ඇති බවට අපට ඉදුරාම විශ්වාසය. ආචාර්ධර්මද නිරපේක්ෂ වන කල ඉතිහාසය නිරපේක්ෂ කිරීම කජ්ජක්ද? ඊනියා දෙමළ නිජබිමට දේශපාලන බලය ලැබීම, මාක්ස්වාදීන් විසින් සිය අරමුණ වන සමාජවාදී සමාජය බිහිකර ගැනීමට පූර්ව අවශ්යතාවයක් ලෙස විවෘතව ප්රසිද්ධියේම ප්රකාශ කරන පසුබිමක් තුළ, මාක්ස්වාදී දෘෂ්ටිකෝණයකින් නිර්මාණය කෙරෙන ඉතිහාසයකින් සේවය කෙරෙන්නේ කාටදැයි නිගමනය කිරීමට පේන බැලීමට අවශ්ය නොවේ. </div>
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කෙසේ වෙතත් සිංහල අභිලාශ වලට වඩා දෙමළ අභිලාශ යථාර්තවාදී වීම මත ඒ මහතා ඉදිරිපත් කරන තර්කය රදා පවතී. අපි යථාර්තවාදී යැයි කියනවාට වඩා සංගතය කියන යෙදුම ප්රිය කරමු. අපේ සංගත බවට ඓතිහාසික සාධක වැදගත් වෙයි. ඒ මහතාද වරක් පිළිගත් පරිදි අපේ ඓතිහාසික කතාව වඩා සංගතය (උපුටනය ලිපිය අවසානයේ දක්වා ඇත). එසේ සංගත වන්නේ ඒ මහතා ප්රතික්ෂේප කරන පුරාවිද්යාත්මක සාක්ෂි සහ අනිකුත් සාධකද සමග බව සැලකිය යුතුය (සංකේතීයභාවයට බලපාන සාධක නිර්ණය කරන්නේ කවුද යන්නද ප්රශ්නයකි. එක් එක් පාර්ශව සංකේතීයත්වය නිර්ණය කරන ආකාරය වෙනස් විය හැකිද?). ඒ නිසා අපට අනුව සිංහල අභිලාශය, එනම් ඒකීය රාජ්යයක් තුළ විවිධ ජනවර්ග සහ ආගම් අදහන අය එක ජාතිකත්වයකට ගොනු කිරීම දෙමළ අභිලාශය ලෙස ඒ මහතා ඉදිරිපත් කරන නිජභූමියට වඩා සංකේතීය වෙයි.</div>
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එසේම ආචාර්ය නිර්මාල් රංජිත් ඉතා උනන්දුවෙන් සලකන ජනගහණ සංඛ්යාලේඛන අනුව හැත්තෑවේ දශකය සහ ඊට පෙර උතුරේ සහ නැගෙනහිර පළාත්වල ජනගහන ව්යාප්තියට අදාළ දත්ත ඒ මහතා සලකන්නේ සංකේතීය ලෙසද පරිකල්පනාත්මක ලෙසද යන්න පැහැදිලි නැත. ඒ ප්රදේශවල ජීවත් වූ සිංහල ජනතාව එල්ටීටීඊය සහ වෙනත් දෙමළ ජාතිවාදී කණ්ඩායම් විසින් පළවාහැරීම පරිකල්පනාත්මකද? යටත්විජිත යුගයේ ජන අනුපාත වෙනස් කිරීම පරිකල්පනාත්මකද? පෘතුගීසි ලන්දේසි සිතියම් වල උතුරු සහ නැගෙනහිර පළාත්වන සිංහල ගම්මාන වල නම් වැඩිපුර තිබීම පරිකල්පනාත්මකද සංකේතීයද? ඒ ප්රදේශවලින් මතුකරගන්නා ලද පුරාවිද්යාත්මක සාධක සියල්ලම පරිකල්පනාත්මකද? යටත්විජිත යුගයේ සිට ක්රියාත්මක වන වාර්ගික නීතිවලින් දෙමළ නොවන ජනයාට උතුරු පළාතේ පදිංචි වීමට බාධා එල්ල කර තිබීම පරිකල්පනාත්මකද? මගේ කමෙන්ටුවක ඇති වන්දනා ගමන්වල එල්ලීගෙන ඒ මහතා සිංහල ජනතාවගේ රාජ්ය පිළිබද සමස්ත අභිලාශයම (මෙය ඒ මහතාම වරක් ප්රකාශ කළ පරිදි සාක්ෂාත් වූ අභිලාශයකි. සාක්ෂාත් වූ අභිලාශයක් පරිකල්පනාත්මක වන්නේ කෙසේදැයි මට නොතේරේ) හුදු පරිකල්පනයක් බවට පත් කිරීමට උත්සාහ දරා ඇත. ලක්ෂ දෙකකට ආසන්න මුස්ලිම් ජනතාවක් යාපනයෙන් පළවාහැරීම දෙමළ ජනතාවගේ සංකේතීය අභිලාශයන්ට එකගවන්නේදැයි නොදනිමි. නොඑසේ නම් එය දෙමළ ජාතිවාදී පරිකල්පනාත්මක අභිලාශයක් ඊනියා සංකේතීය අභිලාශයක් බවට පත්කෙරීමට දැරූ ප්රයත්නයක්ද? අදටත් මේ පිරිස නැවත පදිංචි කිරීමට දෙමළ ජාතිවාදීන් විරුද්ධ වීම අප තේරුම්ගත යුත්තේ පරිකල්පනාත්මක අභිලාශයක් සංකේතීය කිරීමට වෙර දැරීමක් ලෙසද? ලංකා රාජ්යය තුළ දෙමළ නිජබිම නම් වූ ඊනියා උත්තර අවකාශයක් ගොඩනැගීමට දරන ප්රයත්නයක් ලෙසද? (මේ උත්තර අවකාශ කතාව ගැන කිව යුත්තේ පරණ කතාවම බරසාර වචන යෙදීමෙන් අලුත් කතාවක් නොවන බවය. ‘දෙමළ නිජබිම මත සිංහලයන් සිය දේශපාලන වඥාණය යොදාගෙන උත්තර අවකාශයක් ගොඩනගාගන්ඩ උත්සාහ කරනවා‘ යනු දෙමළ ජාතිවාදීන් කියන ‘දෙමළ පළාත් සිංහලයන් අල්ලාගැනීමට උත්සාහ කරනවා‘ වැනිම කතාවකි. මේ අවස්ථා දෙකේදීම ‘දෙමළ නිජබිම‘ හෝ ‘දෙමළ පළාත්‘ යනුවෙන් ප්රදේශ වෙන් කරගැනීම සිදු කරන්නේ අන් කිසිවක් මත නොව අර ඓහිහාසික mythical construction එක සහ දෙමළ ජාතිවාදය මත පිහිටමිනි).</div>
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පරිකල්පනාත්මක දෙමළ ජාතිවාදී කතිකාව සංකේතීය කිරීමට මුක්කු ගසන නිර්මාල් මහතා එසේ පළවා හරින ලද පිරිස තම ඊනියා පීඩිතයන්ගේ ලැයිස්තුවට ඇතුළ් නොකිරීමට හේතුව කුමක් විය හැකිද? ඒක පීඩිතයන්ගෙන් පීඩා විදින පිරිස පීඩකයන් විය යුතු නිසාද? මේ අනුව අපට අවශ්යනම් සිංහලයන් අන් ජනවර්ග සහ ආගම් එක් කරගෙන ගොඩනගන සංකේතීය ඒකීය රාජ්ය මත දෙමළ ජාතිවාදීන් විසින් පරිකල්පනීය වර්ගවාදී දෙමළ නිජබිමක් මගින් ඊනියා උත්තර අවකාශයක් ගොඩනගන්නට උත්සාහ දරන බවද කිව හැකිය. ලංකා රාජ්යය විසින් කරන ලද යුධ මෙහෙයුම් දෙමළ නිජබිම නම් වූ ඊනියා උත්තර අවකාශය අහෝසි කිරීමට කළ එකක් බව අපි කියමු. ඉන් ඉදිරියට ගොස් දේශපාලනකිව මෙන්ම මතවාදීවද ඒ ව්යාජ උත්තර අවකාශය අහෝසි කළ යුතු වෙයි. එසේම ඊශ්රායල් උදාහරණයේදී මෙන් බටහිර රටවල් විසින් මෙහිදීද ඒ ඊනියා උත්තර අවකාශය ගොඩනැගිමට උපකාර කරන බවද සිතිය හැකිය. ලංකාව සම්බන්ධයෙන් බටහිර රටවල වර්තමාන හැසිරීමද එමගින් සංගතව පැහැදිලි කරගත හැකිවේ. එහිදී මතු වන තවත් එක් ප්රශ්නයක් වන්නේ නිර්මාල් මහතාගේ සමාජවාදී සමාජය හුදු පරිකල්පන තලයෙන් ඔබ්බට යාම මේ පසුබිමේ සිට පැහැදිලි කරන්නේ කෙසේද යන්නය. දෙමළ ජාතිවාදීන්ටනම් අඩුම තරමේ ඊනියා උත්තර අවකාශයක්වත් ඇත. මාක්ස්වාදීන්ට එල්ලීමට උත්තර අවකාශයක්වත් නැත. ඒ නැති කම නිසාම ඔවුහු දෙමළ නිජබිම නම් ව්යාජ උත්තර අවකාශයේ එල්ලී සමාජවාදී සමාජය නම් දිව්ය ලෝකයට යාමට උත්සාහ කරති. එය කොතරම් ඛේදජනක තත්වයක්ද යත් ඒ ඊනියා උත්තර අවකාශය පිහිටුවීමට ධනවාදී සහ යටත්විජිතවාදී බටහිර රටවල් අනුග්රහය ලැබීම පවා පිළිගැනීමට ඔවුහු සූදානම් වෙති. මෙය නම් එසේ මෙසේ කඩේ යාමක් නොව උත්තර අවකාශමය කඩේ යාමකි. ඔවුන්ට අනුකම්පා කරනු හැර අපි වෙන කුමක් කරමුද?</div>
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කෙසේ හෝ වේවා ඒ මහතා අප සංගත බව (හෝ සංකේතීය බව) සලකන සාධක සැලකීම ප්රතික්ෂේප කරන හෝ නොසලකා හරින නිසා අපට ඒ මහතාගේම රාජ්යය ගැන නිර්වචනයට බැසීමට සිදුවෙයි. </div>
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"රාජ්යය යනු ඒ මගින් පරිහරණය කරනු ලබන ස්වෛරී බලය (sovereign power) ක්රියාත්මක භූමි ප්රදේශය තුළ වසන ස්ථිර පදිංචි කරුවන්ගේ සාමූහික දේශපාලන විඥානයේ අවසාන ප්රකාශනය"</div>
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නිර්මාල් මහතා මේ අර්ථදැක්වීම ඉදිරිපත් කරේ සිය ලිපි පෙළෙහි 6 වැනි කොටසෙහිය. ඒ මහතාට අනුව මෙය නූතන යුගයේ රාජ්යයක නිර්වචනය වෙයි. කෙසේ වෙතත් ඒ මහතාම වරක් නූතන රාජ්යයකට උදාහරණයක් ලෙස පෙන්වාදූන් ඊශ්රායලය බිහිවූ භුමිය යුදෙව් ජනයා ස්ථිර පදිංචිකරුවන් වී සිටි භුමියක් නොවේ. ඒ අනුව ඒ මහතාගේ නිර්ණායකයට අනුව ඊශ්රායලය රාජ්යයක් නොවේයැයි අප කියමුද? එසේත් නැතිනම් ඒ මහතාගේ නිර්වචනයෙන් පැහැදිලි නොවන නූතන රාජ්ය තිබෙන අතර ඊශ්රායලය ඊට උදාහරණයක්ද? නැතිනම් මෙයින් පෙනෙන්නේ ඊශ්රායලයේ සිදුවූ පරිදි අධිරාජ්යවාදීන් විසින් තමන්ගේ අභිලාශයන් මුදුන් පත් කරගැනීමට විවිධ ජනවර්ගවලට ඇතැයි කියන අභිලාශයන් නිදහසට කරුණක් කර ගනිමින් රාජ්ය නිර්මාණය කිරීමට ඉඩ ඇති බවද?</div>
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ඊශ්රායල උදාහරණයෙන් තවත් කාරණයක් ඉල්පී එයි. එය නම් වර්තමානයේ ඊශ්රායලයේ ස්ථිර පදිංචිය ඇති අය යුදෙව් ජනයා බවය. එය ඉබේ සිදුවූවක් නොව සංවිධානාත්මකව කෙරුන ජනපදකරණයක සහ වාර්ගික පවිත්රකරණයක ප්රතිඵල වෙයි. එදා මේ නිර්වචනයට අනුව ඊශ්රායලය රාජ්යයක් නොවේ (නමුත් එදා එවැනි රාජ්යයක් බිහිවිය. රාජ්යයක් නොවන රාජ්යයක් බිහිවීම නිර්මාල් මහතා පැහැදිලි කරන්නේ චතුස්කෝටිකයෙන්ද?) කෙසේ නමුත් ‘අද‘ මේ නිර්වචනයට ඊශ්රායලය දැම්මොත් ඊශ්රායලය රාජ්යයක් බව නිගමනය කිරීමට සිදුවෙයි. මන්ද ‘අද‘ යුදෙව්වන් ඒ භූමියේ ස්ථිර පදිංචිකරුවන් වන හෙයිනි. එමතුද නොව ඔවුන් වාර්ගික පදනමෙන් සාමූහික දේශපාලන විඥාණයක් නිර්මාණය කරගෙන ඇති හෙයිනි. දශක ගණනාවකට පෙර ඔවුන් එහි ස්ථිර පදිංචිකරුවන් නොවීම හෝ පලස්තීනුවන් පළවාහැරීම මේ නිර්වචනයට අදාළ නැත. මෙයින් සලකන්නේ ‘අද‘ තත්වය පමණි. ජනවාර්ගික පවිත්රකරණයකින් හෝ වාර්ගික රාජ්යයක් පිහිටුවීම අනුමත කිරීමක් නොවේද මෙයින් සිදුවන්නේ? නිර්මාල් මහතා පෙනී සිටිනවායැයි කියන සමාජවාදී සමාජයද මේ?</div>
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මේ නිර්වචනයට අනුව ඓතිහාසික සාධක ගැන සදහනක් නොමැත. නමුත් සාමූහික දේශපාලන විඥාණයක් ගැන සදහන් වෙයි. ප්රශ්නය මේ දේශපාලන විඥාණය ඓතිහාසික සාධකවලින් ස්වායත්ත නොවීමය. දේශපාලන විඥාණයක් ඔපපාතිකව පහළ නොවේ. සිංහලයන්ගේ දේශපාලන විඥාණය මෙන්ම දෙමළ ජාතිවාදී දේශපාලන විඥාණයද ඔවුනොවුන්ගේ ඓහිහාසික දැක්ම මත පදනම් වෙයි. එසේ තිබියදී නිර්මාල් මහතා ඓතිහාසික සාධක නොසලකා හැරීම ඔහුගේ රාජ්යය පිළිබද අර්ථකථනයට අනුවම දෝෂ සහගතය. </div>
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ඊටත් වඩා වැදගත් කාරණයක් වන්නේ මේ නිර්වචනය අනුව ඊනියා දෙමළ නිජභූමියද ප්රශ්නයට ලක් වීමය. දෙමළ නිජභූමිය යනු වාර්ගික විඥාණයක් මත ගොඩනගාගත් සංකල්පයකි. මේ අර්ථකථනයේදී සලකා බලන්නේ යම් ජනකොටසකගේ (ඒ කොටස බහුතරයද යන්න නොකියවෙයි. කිසිම භූමි ප්රදේශයක 100%ක් එකම ජනකොටසක් නොවසන බැවින් මෙතැන සලකන්නේ බහුතර ජනවර්ගය විය යුතුය) ස්ථිර පදිංචිය සහ දේශපාලන විඥාණය පමණකි. කලින් කියූ පරිදි දේශපාලන විඥාණය ඓතිහාසික සාධක මත රදා බවතී. ඒ නැතත් සිංහල දේශපාලන විඥාණය ඒකීය රාජ්යයක් වෙනුවෙන් පෙනී සිටින අතර ඒ වටා දේශපාලන ව්යාපාරයක්ද ගොඩනගාගෙන ඇත. මේ නිසා දෙමළ ජාතිවාදී දේශපාලන ව්යාපාරයක් තිබීම මෙහිදී තීරක සාධකයක් නොවේ. </div>
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ඒ නිසා දෙමළ ජනතාවගේ අභිලාශයේ සංකේතීයත්වය හෝ යථාර්තවාදීත්වය රදා පවතින්නේ මෙහි සදහන් වන ස්ථිර පදිංචිය යන සාධකය මත විය යුතුය. මේ ස්ථිර පදිංචිය යනු කුමක්දැයි පැහැදිලි නැත. ස්ථිර පදිංචිය යන නෛතික නිර්ණායකට අර්ථ දැක්වෙන්නේද දැනට පවතින රාජ්යයක ඉඩම් අයිතිය අනුවය. උදා ලෙස ඉඩම් කොමසාරිස් දෙපාර්තමේන්තුවේ හෝ එවැනි ආයතනයක ලියාපදිංචි වී ඇති ඉඩම්ය. දැනට පවතින රාජ්යයක ඇති නෛතික ඉඩම් අයිතියක් මත පදනම්ව වෙනත් රාජ්යයක දේශපාලන විඥාණයක් පනවාගැනීමම ප්රශ්නයකි. බොහෝ විට මෙතැන ස්ථිර පදිංචියක් ගැන කතා කරන්නේ එවැනි නෛතික පදනමකින් නොව සම්මුති පදනමකින් විය හැකිය. නමුත් ඒ ප්රශ්නය මොහොතකට නොසලකා හරිමු.</div>
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දෙමළ නිජභූමිය පනවන්නේ උතුරු සහ නැගෙනහිර පළාත් ඒකාබද්ධවය. 1948 නිදහස ලැබෙන විටද මේ පළාත් වෙනම පැවතුනි. අද වන විටත් නැගෙනහිර පළාතේ බහුතරය දෙමළ නොවන අය වෙති. දෙමල සහ මුස්ලිම් ජනතාව සම සමව මෙන්ම සැලකිය යුතු සිංහල ප්රතිශතයක්ද නැගෙනහිර පළාතේ වසති. එවන් තත්වයක් තුළ නැගෙනහිර පළාත ඊනියා දෙමළ නිජභුමියට එක් කල හැකිද? මන්ද නැගෙනහිර පළාතේ ස්ථිර පදිංචිකරුවන් බහුතරයකගේ දේශපාලන විඥාණය ඊට අනුකූල නොවන බැවිනි. දෙමළ දෙමළ නිජභූමිය පනවන්නේ දෙමළ වාර්ගික විඥාණයකින් මිස උතුරු සහ නැගෙනහිර පළාත්වල ස්ථිර පදිංචි සියලු ජනතාගේ සාමූහික දේශපාලන විඥාණයකින් නොවේ. නැගෙනහිර පදිංචි දෙමළ ජනතාවද මුළුමුනින්ම දෙමළ නිජබිමක් මත තම දේශපාලන විඥාණ හසුරුවන බවක් නැගෙනහිර ඡන්ද ප්රතිඵල වලින් විද්යාමාන නොවේ. එසේ නම් නිර්මාල් මහතාගේ මේ රාජ්යය ගැන නිර්වචනයට අනුවම දෙමළ නිජබිම මත පදනම් වූ රාජ්යයකින් නැගෙනහිර පළාත හැළිමට සිදුවනු ඇත. මන්ද එහිදී ‘ස්ථිර පදිංචිය‘ ප්රධානතම සාධකය වන හෙයිනි. එසේම මේ අර්ථකථනයට අනුව යම් ප්රදේශයක ස්ථිර පදිංචියක් නැති පිරිසකට ඒ ප්රදේශයේ රාජ්යයක් පිහිටුවීමට හැකියාවක් නැත. කෙසේ වෙතත් දෙමළ නිජභූමියෙන් නැගෙනහිර පළාත ඉවත් කෙරෙන රාජ්යය පිළිබද වූ නිර්වචනයකට පළමුවෙන්ම විරුද්ධ වන්නේ දෙමළ ජාතික සන්ධානය බව නොකිවමනාය. දෙමළ ජාතිවාදීන් පැහැදිලිවම තම අභිලාශය පදනම් කරගෙන ඇත්තේ ඓහිතාසික පදනමකිනි. නැගෙනහිර පළාතේ දෙමළ බහුතරය නොවුවද එය ඔවුන් විසින් සිය ඊනියා නිජබිමට එක් කරගෙන ඇත්තේ එහෙයිනි. ඒ ඓහිතාසික පදනම ආචාර්ය නිර්මාල්ට අනුව සිංහල ජාතිකවාදීන් යොදාගන්නා ඓතිහාසික පදනමට වඩා අසංගත වන අතර දැන් දෙමළ නිජබිමක් මත පදනම්වන දේශපාලන විඥාණය ඔහුගේ රාජ්යය ගැන වන නිර්වචනයද පටහැනි බව අපට කිව හැකිය. දෙමළ නිජභුමියට නැගෙනහිර පළාත බලහත්කාරයෙන් ඈදා ගැනිමෙන් නිර්මාල්ගේ උත්තර අවකාශ කතාව වඩාත් ගැලපෙන්නේ ඊනියා දෙමළ නිජභුමියටම බව වඩාත් තහවුරු වේ.</div>
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එපමණක්ද නොව ඊනියා දෙමළ නිජභූමියෙන් පිට ස්ථිර පදිංචිකරුවන් වන දෙමළ ජනතාවගේ දේශපාලන විඥාණය මේ අනුව සලකා බැලිය නොහැකිය. මන්ද ඔවුන් එහි ස්ථිර පදිංචිකරුවන් නොවන බැවිනි. චරිත පෙන්වාදුන් පරිදි වර්තමාන සංගණන වාර්තාවලට අනුව දෙමළ ජනතාවගෙන් 52%ක් ජීවත් වන්නේ උතුරු සහ නැගෙනහිර පළාත්වලින් පිටය. ඒ අනුව දෙමළ නිජබිමක් මත පදනම්වන දේශපාලන විඥාණය ඒ ප්රදේශයේ ස්ථිර පදිංචිකරුවන් වන සමස්ත දෙමළ ජනතාවගෙන් සුළුතරයකයේ සාමූහික විඥාණය මත පදනම්වූවක් ලෙස මේ නිර්වචනය අනුව සැලකීමට සිදුවෙයි. </div>
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අනෙක් අතට නිර්මාල් මහතාගේ රාජ්යය පිළිබද අර්ථකථනය සිංහලයන් රාජ්යය පනවාගන්නා ආකාරයට සමීප වෙයි. මේ අර්ථකථනයේ වාර්ගික පදනමක් ගැන නොකියවෙන අතර එහිදී වැදගත් වන්නේ යම් ප්රදේශයක (මුළු රටේම) ස්ථිර පදිංචිකරුවන්ගේ සාමූහික පොදු දේශපාලන විඥාණයක් පනවාගැනීමය. ආචාර්ය නිර්මාල් සිය නිර්වචනයේ සදහන් කරන සාමූහික දේශපාලන විඥාණය වාර්ගික පදනමකින් වෙන්වීමෙන් ඇති වන දේශපාලන විඥාණයක් නොව විවිධ ජනවර්ග එකතු වීමෙන් ගොඩනැගෙන සාමූහික දේශපාලන විඥාණයක් බව අපි කියමු. එහිදී විවිධ ජනවර්ග සහ ආගම් අදහන අය පොදු දේශපාලන විඥාණයක් මත එක්කිරීමක් සිදුවෙයි. සියලු ජනවර්ගවලට සහ ආගම්වලට අයත් අයගේ ස්ථිර පදිංචිය මුළු රටම ලෙස සැලකිය හැකිය. ඒ මුළු රටේම ස්ථිර පදිංචිකරුවන් පොදු දේශපාලන විඥාණයක් යටතට ගැනීම එහිදී සිදුවෙයි. සිංහලයන් පමණක් නොව උතුරු සහ නැගෙනහිර පළාත් වල මෙන්ම ඉන් පිටතද ජීවත් වන දෙමළ ජනතාව ඊට එක්කාසු කරගත හැකිය. ඇත්ත වශයෙන්ම ආචාර්ය නිර්මාල් රංජිත් නොදැනුවත්වම හෝ කර ඇත්තේ සිය රාජ්ය පිළිබද නිර්වචනය මගින් වාර්ගික බෙදීම මත පදනම්වූ දෙමළ නිජභූමිය ප්රතික්ෂේප කරන අතරතුර සිංහලයන් විවිධ ජනවර්ග එකතු කිරීමෙන් ජාතිය සහ රාජ්යය නිර්මාණය කර ගැනීම අනුමත කිරීමය. ඒ ගැන අපි ඔහුට ස්තුතිවන්ත වෙමු.</div>
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අවසාන වශයෙන් චරිත විසින් වරක් පෙන්වා දුන් ‘කිරිබත් තර්කය‘ භාවිත කරමින් ආචාර්ය නිර්මාල් තම ලිපිය අවසන් කරයි. දඹදිව වන්දනාවේ යන සිංහලයන් සහ නාගදීපයේ යන සිංහලයන් යන්නේ වන්දනාවේ බැවිනි දඹදිව යන අයටද එය තමන්ගේ රාජ්යයක් යැයි පරිකල්පනාත්මක දැක්මක් ඇතැයි ඔහු උපකල්පනය කරයි. මෙය බුදුදහම සහ බෞද්ධ සංස්කෘතිය ගැන ඒ මහතාගේ නොදැනුම ප්රදර්ශනය කරන කියමනක් වන අතර ඊට අපි ඒ මහතාට සමාව දෙමු. සිංහල බෞද්ධයන් දඹදිව යන්නේ බුදුහාමුදුරුවන් එසේ යන්නට දේශනා කර තිබෙන නිසා මිස එය තම රාජ්යයේ කොටසක් ලෙස පරිකල්පනාත්මකව සිතන නිසා නොවේ. සැදැහැවත් බෞද්ධයන් විසින් බුදුවරයකු උපන් තැන, බුදුවූ තැන, පළමු ධර්ම දේශනය කළ තැන සහ පිරිනිවන් පෑ තැන දැකබලාගෙන සිත පහදවාගත යුතු බව උන් වහන්සේ දේශනා කර ඇත. සිංහල බෞද්ධයන් දඹදිව යන්නේ ඒ අවවාදය පිළිපැදීමටය. සිංහල බෞද්ධයෝ පමණක් නොව තායි බෞද්ධයෝ, බුරුම බෞද්ධයෝ මෙන්ම ජපන් බෞද්ධයෝද දඹදිව වන්දනාවේ යති. එකම ක්රියාව විවිධ අය විවිධ අවස්ථාවල විවිධ අරමුණු වලින් කරති. ක්රියාව එකම වූ බැවින් අරමුණුද එකම බැව් නොහැගවෙයි.</div>
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අනෙක් අතට මේ ලිපියෙන් අපට පෙනී යන්නේ ඒ මහතා දෙමළ ජනතාවගේ අභිලාශය වෙනම රාජ්යයක්නම් ඊට විරුද්ධ නොවන බවය. සුපුරුදු පරිදි ඒ මහතා කිසිම තැනක මේ බව සෘජුව නොකියන නමුත් ඒ මහතාගේ මුළු ලිපියම සමස්තයක් ලෙස බැලූ විට එහි ඇත්තේ දෙමළ අභිලාශය යථාර්තවාදී බැවින් සිංහලයන් සිය ෆැන්ටසිය අතහැර දමා එය පිළිගත යුතු බවයි. එහිදී වෙනම දෙමළ ජාතික රාජ්යයක් නිර්මාණය වීමට කිසිදු බාධාවක් න්යායාත්මකව නැත. විශේෂයෙන්ම ඒ මහතා යොදා ගන්නා දඹදිව උදාහරණයෙන් මේ බව වඩාත් තහවුරු වෙයි. දඹදිව, භාරතය හෝ ඉන්දියාව ඉතිහාසයේ කවරකලෙකවත් වර්තමානයේවත් සිංහලයෝ පරිකල්පනාත්මකවවත් තමන්ගේ රාජ්යයේ කොටසක් ලෙස නොසලකති. එය පැහැදිලිවම විදේශීය රාජ්යයකි. නිර්මාල් මහතා වෙනුවෙන් අදහස් දක්වන වංගීෂ සහ මනෝජ් (එවැනි කෙනෙක් ඇත්තටම සිටීද යන්න මෙහිදී අදාළ නැත) වෙනම රාජ්යයකට විරුද්ධ බව කියති. ඔවුන්ට අනුව එයින් සමාජවාදී සමාජයකට අවශ්ය වාර්ගිකහරණයක් සිදු නොවේ. වාර්ගිකහරණයක් සිදුවීමටනම් බලය බෙදා දෙමළ වාර්ගික දේශපාලනය තුළ අභ්යන්තර ප්රතිවිරෝධතා මතුවීමට ඉඩදිය යුතුය (මේ අදහසටද අපි එකග නොවෙමු. මක් නිසාද යත් එහිදී දෙමළ වාර්ගිකහරණයට සහ සිංහල වාර්ගිකහරණයට ක්රමවේද දෙකක් යොදා ගැනීමට හේතුව එහිදී සංගතව පැහැදිලි නොකෙරෙන බැවිනි). එහෙත් නිර්මාල් මහතා පැහැදිලිවම වෙනම රාජ්යයකට විරුද්ධ බවක් නොපෙනේ. එසේ නිර්මාණය වන නව ජාතික රාජ්යයකින් ජාතිය අහෝසි වීමක් හෝ යටපත් වීමක් වන්නේ කෙසේද යන්න අපට පැහැදිලි නැත. කොටින්ම දෙමළ ජනතාවගේ අභිලාශ ගැන කතා කරන නිර්මාල් මහතාගේ අභිලාශය කුමක්ද? දෙමළාගේ අභිලාශය සාක්ෂාත් වීමෙන් නිර්මාල්ගේ අභිලාශය සාක්ෂාත් වන්නේ කෙසේද යන්න ඔහු අපට පැහැදිලි කළ යුතුය. ඒ අභිලාශය සමාජවාදී සමාජයක්නම් දෙමළ ජාතික රාජ්යයක් බිහිවීමෙන් ඊට මග පෑදෙන්නේ කෙසේදැයි ඔහු පැහැදිලි කළ යුතුය. එසේ නොකරන්නේ නම් ඒ මහතා දෙමළ අභිලාශයන් වෙනුවෙන් පෙනී සිටින්නේ මාක්ස්වාදය මත පදනම්ව නොව දෙමළ ජාතිවාදය සහ/හෝ හුදු සිංහල බෞද්ධ විරෝධය මත පදනම්ව බවද මාක්ස්වාදය යනු ඔහු එහිදී පැළදගන්නා වෙස්මුහුණක් පමණක් බවද අපට නිගමනය කිරීමට සිදුවේ.</div>
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අවසාන වශයෙන් මා ආචාර්ය නිර්මාල් රංජිත්ට යෝජනා කරන්නේ ඔහුම ලියූ ලිපි පෙළ නැවත කියවා බලා එහි ඇති විසංවාද සහ පැටලිලි අඩු කර ගැනීමට උත්සාහ ගන්නා ලෙසය. කොටින්ම දැන්වත් පඹ ගාලෙන් එළියට එන ලෙසය. ඒ මහතා ස්වකැමැත්තෙන්ම පඹගාල තුළට වී අපටද එයට ඇතුළු වීමට ආරාධනා කරයි. ඉදින් අපි කුමක් කරමුද?</div>
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1. 5 වන ලිපිය</div>
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නමුත් මා ‘ඓතිහාසික නිජබිම්’ පිළිබඳ දෙමළ ජාතිකවාදී කියා පෑම දකින්නේ සිය දේශපාලන අභිලාෂ සුජාත කරණය කිරීම සඳහා ගොඩනංවා ඇති මිත්යා ප්රබන්ධමය ගොඩනැංවීමක් (mythical construction) ලෙසයි. මා මේ ප්රකාශය කළ වහාම මගේ සිංහල ජාතිකවාදී කඳවුරේ ප්රතිචාරකයින් ‘‘ ඕක තමයි අපිත් කියන්නේ’’ යයි කියනු ඇත. එසේ කීමට කලබල වීමට අවශ්ය නැත. මා ප්රකාශ කරන්නේ ‘ඓතිහාසික දෙමළ නිජබිම්’ පිළිබඳ ප්රවාදය මෙන්ම ඊට විරුද්ධව සිංහල-බෞද්ධ ජාතිකවාදී පාර්ශවයෙන් ඉදිරිපත් වී ඇති ‘උතුරු නැගෙනහිර සිංහල-බෞද්ධ උරුමය’ පිළිබඳ ප්රවාදය ද මිත්යා ප්රබන්ධමය ගොඩනැංවීමක් බවයි.</div>
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දැන් සිංහල-බෞද්ධ ජාතිකවාදයේ ප්රකාශකයෙක් කියනු ඇත්තේ දෙවනුව කී ප්රවාදයට පක්ෂව වැඩිපුර සාධක ඇති බවයි. නලින් ද සිල්වා කියනු ඇත්තේ එම ප්රවාදය වඩා සංගත බවයි. එම ප්රකාශයට පදනමක් තිබෙන බව මම ද පිළිගනිමි.</div>
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මුල් ලිපිය - </div>
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සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-54486713594908003452015-06-11T20:26:00.000+05:302015-06-11T20:26:28.903+05:30India armed, trained, financially sponsored LTTE terrorists and Sri Lankan Tamil Militants<div class="post" id="post-31959" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 40px; widows: auto;">
<span class="article_header" style="color: #990000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.8em; font-weight: bold; margin: 30px 0px 0px;">India armed, trained, financially sponsored LTTE terrorists and Sri Lankan Tamil Militants</span><br /><span class="date">Posted on July 28th, 2013</span><div class="entry" style="line-height: 1.4em; text-align: justify;">
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<span style="color: blue;"><em>Shenali D Waduge</em></span></h2>
<span style="color: black;">The Jain Commission confirms so, Dixit confirms it, India’s intelligence does not deny it, memoirs of former officials give details, Tamil Nadu leaders have accepted it and there are enough of affidavits to prove that on the explicit orders of India’s government it applied the replica of the Bangladesh strategy by organizing clandestine training camps in India numbering over 30 bases to train Sri Lankan militants well before 1983 the oft used reason for India’s interference in Sri Lanka. Pretending to maintain cordial relations with Sri Lanka and clandestinely running training camps to train terrorists like LTTE to create mayhem in Sri Lanka while supplying arms to them puts India in no position to be claiming it is a friend of Sri Lanka or even the Tamils. If creating Bangladesh and Sikkim was of national interest to India and not allowing Khalistan and Tamil Nadu Eelam Homeland out of national interest shows India’s cunning.</span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><b>Were 1980s LTTE killings under India instructions?</b></span><br />
<span style="color: black;">The 1983 July riots said to have been caused as a response to the LTTE killing of 13 soldiers remains a very contentious topic even 30 years later. It was the first time that a large number of military personnel had been slaughtered in one go and was a shock to not only the families of the deceased but a shock to the military itself. Aware of its own limitations in military hardware Sri Lanka was unaware that India had not only been training LTTE and other militant groups but had also been arming them and financially supporting them as well. This means that whatever weapons, ammunition and even LTTE targets had to have been with the explicit knowledge and even instructions of India and its intelligence agencies who were handling them.</span><br />
<span style="color: black;">We cannot also rule out that India’s intelligence agency and these trained militants could have also been part of the mischief of the 1983 riots because in reviewing the rampage and plunder of homes that took place it is totally out of context to conclude that only Sinhalese Buddhists committed these offenses – this is far from the truth which is why we continue to say that the Sinhalese were not part of the July riots as is being portrayed. Why have the Tamils not come forwarded to say that they were protected and kept in the homes of the Sinhalese?</span><br />
<span style="color: black;">The first batch of Tigers were trained in Establishment 22 based in Chakrata, Uttarakhand, India.</span><br />
<span style="color: black;">“The second batch, including LTTE intelligence Chief Pottu Amman, was trained in Himachal Pradesh. Velupillai Prabakaran himself visited the first and the second batch of Tamil Tigers to see them training. Eight other batches of LTTE were trained in Tamil Nadu.†The training was imparted by former Indian army personnel who provided Tamil militant youth training in arms handling, swimming, boat driving, handling of light machine guns, handling transport vehicles, guerilla warfare, boat driving and physical training. India cannot claim ignorance or profane insult if we wonder how many of the LTTE atrocities committed on Sri Lankan civilians – bus bombings, slaying of moderate Tamil leaders and politicians, claymore mine attacks, assassinations and even suicide missions may have been designed and instructed by India with LTTE simply carrying out orders? To think that the manner LTTE slaughtered innocent villagers including pregnant mothers and children asleep was planned by India should make India feel ashamed.</span><br />
<span style="color: black;">In this scenario India cannot blame us for also wondering if the assassination on Mayor Alfred Duraiappah and shooting down of Tamil policemen was also planned and plotted by India. Generally, the initial years the student is always at the mercy of its teacher and we can safely say that the student decided to part ways with India only after the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi in 1991.</span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fMdU4Hm7tkU" style="color: #b85b5a; text-decoration: none;"><span style="color: black;">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fMdU4Hm7tkU</span></a> (Indian Army and RAW train LTTE)</span><br />
<span style="color: black;">While we hold LTTE responsible for 30 years of brutal killings we can but wonder how many of these initial murders were on the suggestion and planning of India with LTTE and other Tamil militants simply carrying out orders because they were being trained, they were being supplied arms and they were being financed by a country that claims to be Sri Lanka’s friend. It was far later that LTTE learnt the ropes and set up its own clandestine network running ships and other nefarious activities once it became masters of the art which India had taught them.</span><br />
<span style="color: black;">Therefore if we look back at the LTTE atrocities prior to 1991, Sri Lanka has every right to hold India directly responsible and accountable for the deaths that occurred though even post-1991 for all the suffering that Sri Lanka went through India cannot escape blame and no amount of superfluous statements coming from Indian Premier, its high commissioners or other officials can change the perception of what India has done to Sri Lanka. No amount of diplomatic or PR tamashas can ever change the fact that Sri Lanka does not trust India and will never trust India. A country that clandestinely gathers youth, takes them under their stewardship, trains them, provides arms, financially supports and instructs them to destabilize a nation is a cowardly nation and does not deserve to become a superpower. What national security threat does Sri Lanka a country of 20million people pose to India a country of 1.2billion people? Incidentally, the IPKF operation was known as “Operation Cactus†and it certainly proved a thorn to India with over 1200 Indian soldiers being killed as a result of the very arms India had supplied and the training retired Indian army had taught the LTTE while Rajiv Gandhi was assassinated by a woman who had been raped by the IPKF!</span><br /><span style="color: black;">We are ashamed of what India has done. Just as we demand compensation from the colonials who plundered our nation for hundreds of years it is time India compensated for every loss of life that LTTE terrorists committed because LTTE and Prabakaran would not have become as ruthless as they did if not for India’s milking them and instructing them to kill the civilians of its neighboring nation and to destabilize Sri Lanka so that it would be always running to India for assistance.</span><br />
<span style="color: black;">The RAW and the Ministry of External Affairs are provided Rs 25 crore annually as “discretionary grants” for foreign influence operations.</span><br />
<span style="color: black;">The US District Court in Baltimore sentenced Lalit H Gadhia, a naturalised US citizen of Indian origin, to three months imprisonment after he confessed to being the conduit between the Indian Embassy and Indian-American organizations that used funds to influence US law makers. Over $46,000 from the Indian Embassy was distributed among 20 Congressional candidates. Gadhia’s source was Devendra Singh, a RAW official assigned to the Indian Embassy in Washington. These funds had been given to Democratic candidates including Sens. Charles S. Robb (D-Va.), Paul S. Sarbanes (D -Md.) and Reps. Benjamin L. Cardin (D-Md.) and Steny H. Hoyer (D-Md.) in 1995.</span><br />
<span style="color: black;">We next wonder how far India is influencing Sri Lanka’s lawmakers and political parties?</span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><b>India’s premier can make Tamils the masters of their destiny in Tamil Nadu not Sri Lanka</b></span><br />
<span style="color: black;">When Prime Minister Manmohan Singh informs Chief Minister J Jayalalithaa that New Delhi will work towards ensuring that Tamils are “masters of their own destiny within framework of a united Sri Lanka.†All we need to say is Jayalalitha is the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, an Indian State. She has no business in Sri Lanka. Yes, the Tamil Nadu Tamils have been demanding for a separate Tamil Homeland in Tamil Nadu far before the same quest took off in Sri Lanka, therefore if India wishes to ensure “Tamils are masters of their own destiny†India must rightly create that scenario in Tamil Nadu and not Sri Lanka as it did in Bangladesh and Sikkim.</span><br />
<span style="color: black;">Sri Lanka’s leaders need to know the history of the LTTE and India’s role to ensure that India does not have any stake in Sri Lanka and already the large number of stakes given to India must not go beyond a specific term that does not run into hundreds of lease years and with a clause that every deal can be re-scrutinized if Sri Lanka’s national security is ever at risk of Indian incursion. However, our leaders have made grave errors in tying deals with India in areas of communication, power and energy supply, pharmaceuticals, oil refinery, tea and when a country can create mayhem using LTTE have our leaders not thought of what India can do using all the current stakes India has been given?</span><br />
<span style="color: black;">If we blame previous leaders for the folly that the current leadership has to suffer the same criteria applies so that future leaders will not have to suffer another Indian terrorist chapter of a different and far more dangerous capacity.</span></div>
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<h2 id="comments" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.3em; margin: 30px 0px 0px; widows: auto;">
16 Responses to “India armed, trained, financially sponsored LTTE terrorists and Sri Lankan Tamil Militants”</h2>
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<li class="alt" id="comment-39835" style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-bottom-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" height="32" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/7cde3a451c734ac25e26332835fd0258?s=32&d=mm&r=g" srcset="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/7cde3a451c734ac25e26332835fd0258?s=64&d=mm&r=g 2x" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">Mr. Bernard Wijeyasingha</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2013/07/28/india-armed-trained-financially-sponsored-ltte-terrorists-and-sri-lankan-tamil-militants/#comment-39835" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">July 28th, 2013 at 1:23 pm</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
What this article points out is the nature of India’s foreign policy. It has effectively been used to annex Sikkim, divide Pakistan and almost succeed in doing the same with Sri Lanka. These acts are not based on being mean or horrible but pragmatic. Seizing Sikkim gave India a strategic location regarding China, Bhutan and Nepal. Dividing Pakistan cut that nation’s power in half and by that increased India’s power against Pakistan. Regarding Sri Lanka India needed the unfettered access to the Indian ocean. Had her plans worked eventually New Delhi would have placed her own leaders in Eelam and by that got control of the harbor of Trincomalee which would have given India one of the world’s largest harbors and access to the shipping lanes that go by Sri Lanka. It would have also cut the power of Sri Lanka by more than half.<br />The lesson to be learnt is that India is still continuing on this path with Sri Lanka. Having failed to divide Sri Lanka by using military methods she is now using diplomatic methods to achieve Eelam. That is why New Delhi is silent on the resurrection of TESO, continues to interfere regarding the “plight” of Sri Lankan Tamils, and has not lifted a finger regarding the new funding of LITE. She will continue to do this as long as Colombo is pliable and shows a weak front.<br />Now that this newspaper has reported the foreign policy of India and her long term purpose for Sri Lanka it is a simple act of being equally pragmatic. It is pragmatic to negate the 13th amendment if for no other reason than that India wants it implemented. It is pragmatic to make Sri Lanka a Buddhist nation recognized by the state. It is pragmatic to increase the presence of the military in all areas that would have made Eelam and increase the Singhalese Buddhist population in those areas as well. It is also pragmatic to expose India by demanding that those who were engaged in training the Tamil Tigers to commit acts of genocide to terror in Sri Lanka be brought to justice in the international courts. Failure of which would mean that all agreements made to the UNHRC will be suspended till all parties who were engaged in the violation of human rights are brought to justice.<br />According to this article Indians have been engaged in subterfuge against Sri Lanka long before the war started and because of this subterfuge contributed to the civil war and those people in India should be brought to justice no matter how high on the political ladder they are. If the international community who most likely know every word stated in this article continue their double standards then more drastic actions should be taken.<br />What would be beneficial to Sri Lanka regarding India? the answer is an India that has an internal problem of such proportions that it takes priority over dividing Sri Lanka. Start supporting the Maoists. Train them in the same manner RAW did with the Tamil Tigers. Join with Pakistan and China to cause as much internal turmoil within India and especially in Tamil Nadu. If India accuses Sri Lanka then close India’s embassy.<br />These points are radical in nature and could back fire as India’s proxy war did. But no to do anything while India continues her attempts to form Eelam is even worse. As pointed by this article India is doing this while calling Sri Lanka a “friend”. That is also being done by Pakistan and China to India while they call India a “friend”. Time to learn and engage India with her own problems till she backs off or comes to a stalemate. It is now quite obvious that the war for Eelam did not end with a military victory and SIS needs to do everything within her power to take on RAW and all the while keep smiling and call India a “friend”</div>
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<li id="comment-39836" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" height="32" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/7cde3a451c734ac25e26332835fd0258?s=32&d=mm&r=g" srcset="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/7cde3a451c734ac25e26332835fd0258?s=64&d=mm&r=g 2x" style="border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">Mr. Bernard Wijeyasingha</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2013/07/28/india-armed-trained-financially-sponsored-ltte-terrorists-and-sri-lankan-tamil-militants/#comment-39836" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">July 28th, 2013 at 1:38 pm</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Second point: India is too large and powerful to be negated from outside. Only more powerful nations like China or Russia have that strength. But Sri Lanka can negate India from within. It is imperative to engage the Maoists for it may result in two things. One is that the Maoists will get more outside help. They are already receiving it from China. Secondly RAW will find out that Sri Lanka is engaged and if New Delhi even dares tell Sri Lanka or the world of Sri Lanka’s role with the Maoists what better time to expose India’s role in Sri Lanka’s civil war as the reason? India has to be punished and punished to the point that Sri Lanka had to suffer. The UN will not do this so it will be up to her neighbors to do this or face an arrogant India who thinks she can do anything she wishes and get away with it. Such an action is both pragmatic and bold. \<br />I did not give any reason why it is pragmatic for Sri Lanka to acknowledge her Buddhist heritage for by doing so her Constitution can be charted according to Buddhist principles and not according to Western Secularist policies which seem to be helping the Tamil forces against a unified Sri Lanka. A Buddhist Sri Lanka can impose regulations on some aspects of Hinduism that should be actively banned such as the Caste system forcing high caste Tamils to accept the legitimacy of the low caste Tamils to live the life God gave them. It will also cut the power of the Hindu Tamils who then would prefer a land that does not interfere with their Hindu practices.</div>
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<li class="alt" id="comment-39838" style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-bottom-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" height="32" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/783455aa12bd650c4770a561539c2e20?s=32&d=mm&r=g" srcset="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/783455aa12bd650c4770a561539c2e20?s=64&d=mm&r=g 2x" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">Lorenzo</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2013/07/28/india-armed-trained-financially-sponsored-ltte-terrorists-and-sri-lankan-tamil-militants/#comment-39838" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">July 28th, 2013 at 1:45 pm</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
I agree with BW on destabilizing Endia from within.</div>
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SL MUST help Pakistan, China, Islamic terrorists in Endia, Endian Mujahiddin, Maoists, Tamil nationalists in TN, Kalistan movement, etc. That will keep Endia occupied.</div>
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When Endia feels the threat of BREAKING APART they will not help it in SL.</div>
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My enemy’s enemy is my friend.</div>
</li>
<li id="comment-39841" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" height="32" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/783455aa12bd650c4770a561539c2e20?s=32&d=mm&r=g" srcset="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/783455aa12bd650c4770a561539c2e20?s=64&d=mm&r=g 2x" style="border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">Lorenzo</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2013/07/28/india-armed-trained-financially-sponsored-ltte-terrorists-and-sri-lankan-tamil-militants/#comment-39841" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">July 28th, 2013 at 2:00 pm</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Lessons for SL from Israel.</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
“<b>The Israeli cabinet has backed a bill that requires any peace deal with the Palestinians to be put to a referendum.</b></div>
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“Any agreement which may be reached in negotiations will be put to a referendum,” said Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s office as quoted by AFP. “<b>It is important that on such historic decisions every citizen should vote directly on an issue deciding the country’s future.</b>”</div>
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The referendum bill is seen as a goodwill gesture to right-wing members of the government who might oppose concessions Israel could have to make within the peace process negotiations – including giving up land.</div>
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Netanyahu has said that he is firmly supportive of the idea of a referendum.</div>
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“<b>Peace with our neighbors requires peace among ourselves, and the way to ensure this is through a referendum,” the PM stated.”</b></div>
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– RT</div>
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OMG!!</div>
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How true!</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
“<b>Peace with our neighbors requires peace among ourselves, and the way to ensure this is through a referendum,” the PM stated.”</b></div>
</li>
<li class="alt" id="comment-39846" style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-bottom-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" height="32" src="http://2.gravatar.com/avatar/2313bab21bb9a505964e1a3c2bf856aa?s=32&d=mm&r=g" srcset="http://2.gravatar.com/avatar/2313bab21bb9a505964e1a3c2bf856aa?s=64&d=mm&r=g 2x" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">Hiranthe</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2013/07/28/india-armed-trained-financially-sponsored-ltte-terrorists-and-sri-lankan-tamil-militants/#comment-39846" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">July 28th, 2013 at 3:43 pm</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
It is now very clear that defeating LieTTE is just the tip of the Iceberg.</div>
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Thank you again for giving a detailed report on it Senali.</div>
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Our biggest problem is Endia which is still showcasing her as our true friend despite doing all those damages. When will our leaders understand this? Cairns Endia is spending more money on Oil explorations in Mannar basin it seems… but where is this oil? Are they discovering oil deposits on our account so that Endia can draw the oil from it’s territory… there is something wrong going on here…. But our people just believe what Endians say…. you cannot trust them…. Or otherwise our officials looking after it have been bribed by Raw….</div>
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We must at lease learn now from the bitter lesson learnt for 30 years…..</div>
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MR is now busy thinking of PC elections… not in getting rid of them.. He may have a different plan… hopefully. We still can trust GOTA of not doing anything harmful for mother Lanka… May be MR’s plan is to get their party to win the PC election and then dissolve the PC system… who knows… then less crying from TNA and Endia….</div>
</li>
<li id="comment-39849" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" height="32" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/783455aa12bd650c4770a561539c2e20?s=32&d=mm&r=g" srcset="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/783455aa12bd650c4770a561539c2e20?s=64&d=mm&r=g 2x" style="border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">Lorenzo</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2013/07/28/india-armed-trained-financially-sponsored-ltte-terrorists-and-sri-lankan-tamil-militants/#comment-39849" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">July 28th, 2013 at 4:21 pm</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
“Cairns Endia is spending more money on Oil explorations in Mannar basin it seems… but where is this oil?”</div>
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So the secret is getting out!!</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
<b>That is a BIG LIE SL govt. has used to fool SL people. There is NO OIL in Mannar. Endia is digging the Sethu canal.</b></div>
</li>
<li class="alt" id="comment-39850" style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-bottom-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" height="32" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/11e6c8e9b308c0157179c2e47348aee8?s=32&d=mm&r=g" srcset="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/11e6c8e9b308c0157179c2e47348aee8?s=64&d=mm&r=g 2x" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">S.Gonsalkorale</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2013/07/28/india-armed-trained-financially-sponsored-ltte-terrorists-and-sri-lankan-tamil-militants/#comment-39850" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">July 28th, 2013 at 4:27 pm</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
True. TNA, power devolution nonsense, self determination bulls–t etc. are just diverting the attention to dig the canal and kill the China-Hambantota factor.</div>
</li>
<li id="comment-39867" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" height="32" src="http://2.gravatar.com/avatar/b87908e6cd4c0a2891a05f623881cfb5?s=32&d=mm&r=g" srcset="http://2.gravatar.com/avatar/b87908e6cd4c0a2891a05f623881cfb5?s=64&d=mm&r=g 2x" style="border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">Mahinda Wickramarathne</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2013/07/28/india-armed-trained-financially-sponsored-ltte-terrorists-and-sri-lankan-tamil-militants/#comment-39867" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">July 28th, 2013 at 8:24 pm</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Jndia has not stopped its bad habit, will arm the Tamils agaian</div>
</li>
<li class="alt" id="comment-39873" style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-bottom-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" height="32" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/4013d6fd344bf8e6fe6500f738d4c473?s=32&d=mm&r=g" srcset="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/4013d6fd344bf8e6fe6500f738d4c473?s=64&d=mm&r=g 2x" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">cw</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2013/07/28/india-armed-trained-financially-sponsored-ltte-terrorists-and-sri-lankan-tamil-militants/#comment-39873" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">July 29th, 2013 at 4:26 am</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Can I please add my two words of appeal to Endia. “f##k off”.</div>
</li>
<li id="comment-39874" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" height="32" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/a946d8b802fd73912ea4e52ac429f6f7?s=32&d=mm&r=g" srcset="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/a946d8b802fd73912ea4e52ac429f6f7?s=64&d=mm&r=g 2x" style="border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">Senevirath</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2013/07/28/india-armed-trained-financially-sponsored-ltte-terrorists-and-sri-lankan-tamil-militants/#comment-39874" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">July 29th, 2013 at 7:34 am</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
S.L govt should follow Israel P.M for 13A</div>
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WILL THAT HAPPEN?</div>
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<li class="alt" id="comment-39877" style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-bottom-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" height="32" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/7d013223238b8605beeaf0077f6591dc?s=32&d=mm&r=g" srcset="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/7d013223238b8605beeaf0077f6591dc?s=64&d=mm&r=g 2x" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">thurai</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2013/07/28/india-armed-trained-financially-sponsored-ltte-terrorists-and-sri-lankan-tamil-militants/#comment-39877" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">July 29th, 2013 at 10:30 am</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
India want to safegurd Hindu monopoly. Tamil Politicians in SL and Tamilnadu want Family monopoly.<br />Both play with life of Tamils in Sri Lanka and distrubing peace in SL. We have to destroy the Roots of Terrorism.<br />LTTE was only one Face of Terrorism.</div>
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<li id="comment-39878" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" height="32" src="http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/02684e5ba1d96ccd65cb3472c807a0a4?s=32&d=mm&r=g" srcset="http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/02684e5ba1d96ccd65cb3472c807a0a4?s=64&d=mm&r=g 2x" style="border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">Susantha Wijesinghe</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2013/07/28/india-armed-trained-financially-sponsored-ltte-terrorists-and-sri-lankan-tamil-militants/#comment-39878" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">July 29th, 2013 at 10:37 am</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
SENEVIRATH ! NO. Our Politicians are bloody scared.</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Top to bottom Corruption Swell,<br />All Parliamentarians have Skunk Smell<br />In servility, they kneel before Indian Hogs,<br />Funny, they also roll and beg like dogs.</div>
</li>
<li class="alt" id="comment-39879" style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-bottom-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" height="32" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/462bcf9bbc0d0e10616cae8805b953e9?s=32&d=mm&r=g" srcset="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/462bcf9bbc0d0e10616cae8805b953e9?s=64&d=mm&r=g 2x" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">Fran Diaz</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2013/07/28/india-armed-trained-financially-sponsored-ltte-terrorists-and-sri-lankan-tamil-militants/#comment-39879" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">July 29th, 2013 at 1:51 pm</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Here’s the sequence of events for Lanka :</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Colonisation > Cold war politics in the region > de-stabilisation of Lanka for Cold War purposes > aftermath still simmering with 13-A & Tamil Separatism. Tamil Separatism rode on the back of the Cold War. The Cold War is now over, finished.</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Best thing to do now that the core of the Cold War is over, remove the 13-A via a Referendum. Tamil problems are in Tamil Nadu. Navi Pillai ‘institutionalised discrimination’ is in Tamil Nadu, not in Lanka. Sri Lanka does NOT have Scheduled Castes or any such group – those are in Tamil Nadu. All have the same rights in Lanka. In fact, the Tamils people of Lanka have done better than the others in some education & socio/economic sectors.</div>
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<li id="comment-39903" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" height="32" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/11e6c8e9b308c0157179c2e47348aee8?s=32&d=mm&r=g" srcset="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/11e6c8e9b308c0157179c2e47348aee8?s=64&d=mm&r=g 2x" style="border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">S.Gonsalkorale</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2013/07/28/india-armed-trained-financially-sponsored-ltte-terrorists-and-sri-lankan-tamil-militants/#comment-39903" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">July 29th, 2013 at 10:06 pm</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Fran,<br />I don’t know – we all talking about removing 13A.<br />The biggest industry in Sir Lanka is the political industry. PCs have increased the industry size by four fold. MR is riding on this industry. PCs are compulsory for him to distribute money to his cohorts. Therefore as long as he is there, PCs will be there. Without PCs industry will be only 25% of current size. How can we expect the people like Silvas, Kudu kings support removal of 13A ? Even if we had a referendum 13A supporters may not loose. In Lanka , people do not care about getting rid of PCs. Politikkos are fooling people.</div>
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<li class="alt" id="comment-39904" style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-bottom-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" height="32" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/11e6c8e9b308c0157179c2e47348aee8?s=32&d=mm&r=g" srcset="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/11e6c8e9b308c0157179c2e47348aee8?s=64&d=mm&r=g 2x" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">S.Gonsalkorale</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2013/07/28/india-armed-trained-financially-sponsored-ltte-terrorists-and-sri-lankan-tamil-militants/#comment-39904" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">July 29th, 2013 at 10:14 pm</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
PCs make Lanka another sakkili land<br />MR play the lead trumpet in the PC band<br />Robbing the country they enjoy Louis Vuitton<br />Like blood sucking leaches cowards live on</div>
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<li id="comment-39910" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" height="32" src="http://2.gravatar.com/avatar/bffc754c07b2aa48330b18489c01176f?s=32&d=mm&r=g" srcset="http://2.gravatar.com/avatar/bffc754c07b2aa48330b18489c01176f?s=64&d=mm&r=g 2x" style="border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">S de Silva</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2013/07/28/india-armed-trained-financially-sponsored-ltte-terrorists-and-sri-lankan-tamil-militants/#comment-39910" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">July 30th, 2013 at 3:33 am</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Thanks Shenali for listing out these facts for the umpteenth time. Sadly those having the power to do anything on the subject, and interested others, already know the facts on what you have written. Look at what has so far happened though – hardly anything!. What is required as the first thing is to tell India is that If Tamils want an Independent Tamil State, that cannot be in Sri Lanka but in the State of Tamil Nadu the birthplace of the Dravidian race The Separate Tamil State is not just now quite openly demanded by the Tamils in SL but that demand is always BEHIND all the Tamil claims. But have we ever formally said that to India. Not a bloody word to India on that. Only shameful and servile appeasement. We have not even said that formally to the TNA and force legally the TNA to comply absolutely with the SL Constitution. So much for all bravado of the Sinhalayas – shame!- S de Silva – London</div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Lucida Grande, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 10.8000001907349px; line-height: 16.2000007629395px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2013/07/28/india-armed-trained-financially-sponsored-ltte-terrorists-and-sri-lankan-tamil-militants/">http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2013/07/28/india-armed-trained-financially-sponsored-ltte-terrorists-and-sri-lankan-tamil-militants/</a></span></span></div>
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සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-29571269955766593022015-06-10T20:11:00.000+05:302015-06-10T20:11:32.406+05:30REIGN OF TERROR, 1986-1990<div class="field field-name-field-top-strap field-type-text field-label-hidden" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #ff4700; font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: italic; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; widows: auto;">
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REIGN OF TERROR, 1986-1990 (PART VII)</div>
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WHILE RAJIV GANDHI DROPS ‘PARIPPU’ JVP ATTACKS SLAF BASES</h2>
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Dharman Wickremaratne</div>
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<a class="colorbox init-colorbox-processed cboxElement" href="http://www.dailynews.lk/sites/default/files/styles/original_watermarked/public/news/2014/09/14/z_fea801.jpg?itok=YPvPd5Yi" rel="gallery-node-33781" style="border: 0px; color: #444444; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" title="Tamil Nadu fishermen loading relief items on to boats bound for Sri Lanka’s North."><img alt="Tamil Nadu fishermen loading relief items on to boats bound for Sri Lanka’s North." height="188" src="http://www.dailynews.lk/sites/default/files/styles/story-300/public/news/2014/09/14/z_fea801.jpg?itok=MjHLnZfy" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;" title="Tamil Nadu fishermen loading relief items on to boats bound for Sri Lanka’s North." typeof="foaf:Image" width="300" /></a></div>
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By the middle of 1987 the military campaign to liberate Vadamarachchi in the North from the LTTE was successfully moving ahead under the commands of Denzil Kobbekaduwa, Wijaya Wimalaratne and Gerry de Silva. Participating in the battle were 4,300 soldiers equipped with the latest weapons.</div>
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National Security Minister Lalith Athulathmudali gave political leadership to “Operation Liberation” which completely freed the Vadamarachchi area from the Tigers on June 3, 1987. While the operation was in progress the then Tamil Nadu Chief Minister M. G. Ramachandran met Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi on May 28, 1987 and complained that Sri Lanka’s military offensive was depriving the Northern Tamils of fuel and medicine and consequently some people were dying. He demanded that the Indian Government take immediate action against Sri Lanka and also obtained permission from the Indian PM to transport relief items from Tamil Nadu by sea to the North of the island.</div>
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On the night of June 2, 1987 All India Radio announced that the Tamil Nadu Government was taking steps to send 25 boat loads of rice, powdered milk, canned food and medicines for the Tamil people in the North. The news bulletin also said that 94 persons including Indian and foreign journalists and Red Cross representatives were to be sent as observers.</div>
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Despite the vehement opposition of the SL Government and the people 19 boats left the Rameshwaram Port and entered Sri Lanka’s territorial waters on June 3 at 6.00 p.m. The Sri Lanka Naval personnel on board the vessel ‘Edithara’ stopped the Tamil Nadu boats from moving any further on the orders of the Northern Naval Commander Mohan Samarasekera. The officer commanding ‘Edithara’ was Captain Suraj Munasinghe. Minister Athulathmudali and Joint Operations Commander Cyril Ranatunge were in radio communication with the Navy.</div>
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After waiting at sea for three-and-a-half hours, the Tamil Nadu boats left at 9.30 p.m. On June 3 and 4 the Indian High Commission requested all Indian citizens residing in Colombo to leave their homes and move into hotels. Thereafter in a tit-for-tat operation Indian Air Force dropped food parcels and other relief items by air on June 4 at 3.15 p.m. because Sri Lanka had not allowed the Tamil Nadu boats to enter her territorial waters. The Indian government had informed of this to Sri Lanka’s High Commissioner in India Bernard Tillekeratne only at 2.30 p.m. less than one hour before the airdrop.</div>
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<strong style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Indian airdropping of relief items</strong></div>
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President Jayewardene summoned Army, Navy and Air Force Commanders and ordered them not take any retaliatory action against the Indian airdropping of relief items. The Indian Air Force had deployed five AN 32 transport planes carrying 25 tons of relief items from its Yelahanka base in Bangalore for this purpose. Four MIG fighter jets escorted the transport planes in this mission which was called ‘Operation Pumalai.’</div>
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Boxes carrying relief items were dropped by parachute over the Jaffna Peninsula. The airdrop ceased at 5.30 p.m. One transport plane also carried 17 Indian media personnel and 18 reporters as observers from Reuters, BBC, AFP and other news agencies. This operation, which violated Sri Lanka’s sovereignty, aroused the anger and strong condemnation of Sri Lankans.</div>
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During this period foreign media was keen on reporting events in Sri Lanka. In addition to Reuter Correspondent Dalton de Silva, Andrew Tanovsky reported from Sri Lanka saying there were country-wide slogans demanding ‘Death to J.R.’ and that people were saying they would throw stones at him and kick him out of power.</div>
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On June 17 Sri Lankan Foreign Minister A.C.S. Hameed met Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi and Foreign Minister Natwar Singh and reached an agreement. Accordingly without Sri Lanka making a request India sent 681 tons of food and medicine by the Indian ship ‘Island Pride’ which called at the Kankesanthurai Harbour. The Sri Lanka government took steps to distribute the items through Cooperatives in the North.</div>
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It was the Indian airdrop which compelled the Sri Lankan government to halt the planned military offensive to recapture Jaffna scheduled for the middle of June. All military operations in the North ceased as a result. Minister Athulathmudali was pushed into the background and Minister Gamini Dissanayake came to the forefront.</div>
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The JVP had a clear vision since the late 1960s not only of rise of armed Tamil militancy but also of a very possible Indian invasion. The Indian airdrop proved in the eyes of the people that the JVP was correct. The party had already launched an extensive campaign since the end of 1986 to warn Sri Lankans about a Indian occupation. Some of the JVP’s slogans those days were, “J.R. gone mad – People on alert”, “Let’s not allow Sri Lanka to be made India’s 26th Province” and “Kill J.R.” The patriotic struggle the JVP launched in 1986 was mainly to oppose Indian intervention but developed a stgrongly anti-government stance in the process.</div>
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Since J.R. did not give the armed forces permission to retaliate against the Indian airdrop or take any other effective action, the JVP announced that a strong response was needed to the Indian intervention. It was a good opportunity to intensify the armed activities of the Deshapremi Janatha Vyaparaya (Patriotic People’s Movement or DJV) which was the JVP’s armed wing.</div>
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<strong style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Provincial Council system</strong></div>
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The JVP claimed that they were the only force which could resist the “illegal, treacherous UNP Government, armed Tamil separatism and Indian invasion.” Three days after the Indian airdrop – on June 7, 1987, the DJV launched two armed attacks on the Katunayake Sri Lanka Air Force Base and the Kotalawala Defence Academy, Ratmalana, sending shock waves in the country.</div>
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These two operations were planned by Mendis Mahattaya, a Kelaniya University Graduate and member of the JVP politburo. A resident of Ganemulla, his real name was Sellapperuma Saman Piyasiri Fernando alias Keerthi Wijebahu, head of the DJV and chief of the JVP’s armed wing.</div>
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The attacks were led by Siripala and Shelton Rajapaksa alias Ragama Somay.</div>
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A resident of Kotugodawatte, Siripala was an air force technician. Ragama Somay was a resident of Koswadiya, Gampaha. Although both were taken into custody for questioning, they escaped. They were wanted in connection with a bomb attack on Inspector Tissa Kudahetti, OIC of the Seeduwa Police Station.</div>
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The DJV cadres which attacked the Katunayake SLAF Base first met at the ground near the Negombo Prison on June 4, 1987 at 5.00 p.m.</div>
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They were divided into four groups. At 7.30 p.m. they were taken in a van to a house at Negombo. Altogether 31 persons gathered there. Mendis Mahattaya briefed them on the country’s political situation and the proposed Provincial Council system. He said that the Indian airdrop would be followed by a land invasion and therefore it was the DJV’s duty to oppose it.</div>
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The following day (June 5) too, they remained in the same house. On June 6, at 10 p.m. Mendis Mahattaya said that they should attack the Katunayake air force base and seize weapons to prepare for the Indian invasion. Showing the attackers a hand-drawn map he briefed the attackers on the operation before taking them in a lorry and dropping them off at a by-lane behind the SLAF base.</div>
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The operation began soon afterwards. The weapons seized after overpowering air force personnel were transported in hijacked jeeps. Some of the insurgents returned to Colombo by bus leaving Negombo at 4.00 a.m. Three of the attackers had been killed in action. Those who failed to escape were taken into custody. One airman had died in the attack.</div>
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Among the three insurgents killed were Ragama Somay and the founder-President of the DJV Students Wing and Kariyapperuma Athukoralage of the Jayawardenapura University Ranil alias Ranil Royal.</div>
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On June 7 the DJV issued a statement accepting responsibility for the attacks on the Katunayake SLAF base and the Kotalawala Defence Academy to seize arms. The DJV argued since the weapons were not being used for defence of the motherland against the Indian aggressor patriots should make use of them. It was reported that the insurgents had seized fourteen T-56 firearms, 53 submachine guns, two light machine guns, six pistols and 3300 bullets. This operation increased the JVP’s popularity and caused great admiration for the party among anti-government and anti-Indian groups.</div>
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In the meantime plans were underway for a Indo-Lanka Accord with the intervention of Indian Government’s Intelligent Service RAW (Research and Analysis Wing). President Jayewardene had given his unstinting support and blessings for this. The persons involved in this task were Indian High Commissioner in Sri Lanka Jyotindranath Dixit, Co-Editor of The Hindu N. Ram and Minister Gamini Dissanayake.</div>
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<span style="font-family: Open Sans, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px;"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/?q=features/while-rajiv-gandhi-drops-parippu-jvp-attacks-slaf-bases">http://www.dailynews.lk/?q=features/while-rajiv-gandhi-drops-parippu-jvp-attacks-slaf-bases</a></span></span></div>
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<em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">(The writer is a senior journalist who could be reached at <a href="mailto:ejournalists@gmail.com" style="border: 0px; color: #444444; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">ejournalists@gmail.com</a>) </strong></em></div>
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සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-59613807443202304612015-06-09T22:46:00.002+05:302015-06-09T22:46:30.057+05:30ලක්දිව හැඳින්වූ විවිධ නාම මෙසේ ය<div align="center" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Malithi Web'; font-size: 13.3333330154419px; widows: auto;">
<span style="color: #cc3399;">ලක්දිව වූ කලී ඉතා දිගු ඉතිහාසයකට උරුමකම් කියන ඉතා සුන්දර දිවයිනකි. යටත් පිරිසෙයින් පුරා සියවස් විසිපහක් පමණ (එනම් වසර 2500 ක් පමණ) වූ එම කාල පරිච්ඡේදය තුළ ලොව විවිධ ජාතීන් විසින් විවිධ භාෂාවලින් ලක්දිව හැඳින්වූ විවිධ නාම බොහොමයකි. ඒවා අතුරෙන් වර්තමානයේ දී විද්යාමාන වන විවිධ නාම (සිංහල අකාරාදියට අනුව) විමර්ශනය කිරිම මේ ලිපියේ මුඛ්ය පරමාර්ථය වේ.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZjXT5p99bL_4AIBB3IGBM8eYliM5aIDu4fZuf0J9OfO3ayJTEHNwckLA3d4pRIKXPDRTTHr14U065teoAREajuXudA1c0crKYn_vc_xX96wS75jLE1nPYU73mkg2A3Vqea-djp-wbaO-g/s1600/logo.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="65" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZjXT5p99bL_4AIBB3IGBM8eYliM5aIDu4fZuf0J9OfO3ayJTEHNwckLA3d4pRIKXPDRTTHr14U065teoAREajuXudA1c0crKYn_vc_xX96wS75jLE1nPYU73mkg2A3Vqea-djp-wbaO-g/s320/logo.gif" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: #cc3399;">භූගෝලීය සාධක</span></h2>
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ලක්දිව ප්රධාන දූපතකින් හා ඒ අසල පිහිටි කුඩා දූපත් කීපයකින් යුක්ත ය. එය දකුණු ආසියාවේ පිහිටි විශාලතම දූපත ද වන්නේ ය. උතුරු අක්ෂාංශ 5.55’ - 9.51’ යන නැඟෙනහිර දේශාංශ 79.42 - 81.52 අතර ඉන්දියානු අර්ධද්වීපයට දකුණින් එයින් වෙන්ව ඉන්දියානු සාගරයෙහි කේන්ද්රස්ථානයෙහි පිහිටා ඇත. ලක්දිව ඉන්දියාවෙන් වෙන්වී ඇත්තේ කි.මී. 32 ක් පමණ වූ පටු මුහුදු තීරයකිනි.</div>
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ලක්දිව ප්රාග් ඉතිහාසය වර්ග කිරීමට අනුව</div>
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. ප්රාග් ඓතිහාසික යුගය <span lang="en-us">- </span><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">(Pre History)</span><br />. මුල ඓතිහාසික යුගය <span lang="en-us">- </span><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">(Proto History)</span></div>
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. මුල් ඓතිහාසික යුගය <span lang="en-us">- <span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">(Early History)</span></span></div>
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. මධ්යම ඓතිහාසික යුගය <span lang="en-us">- </span><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">(Middle History)</span></div>
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. අපර ඓතිහාසික යුගය <span lang="en-us">- <span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">(Post History)</span></span></div>
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<span lang="en-us"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #cc3399; font-size: x-large;">ලක්දිව ප්රාග් ඓතිහාසික ජනාවාස බිහිවීම</span></h2>
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ලක්දිව ප්රාග් ඓතිහාසික ජනාවාස බිහිවිම පිළිබඳව ඉපැරණිතම සාධක හමුවන්නේ උතුරු දිසාවෙන් පිහිටි ඉරණමඩු පස් සැකැස්මේ බොරළු ටෙරසය තුළිනි. මෙහිදී වඩාත් නිශ්චිත ලෙස වාර්තාවූ සාධකවලට අනුව ගල් ආයුධ (මෙවලම) අදින් වසර 1, 25,000 ක් පමණ ඈත අතීතය කරා දිවයන බව පෙන්වා දී ඇත.</div>
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එනමුත් ආචාර්ය ශිරාන් දැරණියගල මහතා විසින් බුන්දල මුතුරාජවෙල හා වැල්ලේගන්ගොඩ යනාදී ස්ථාන ඇසුරු කරගනිමින් කරන ලද විද්යානුකූල පුරාවිද්යා කැනීම් මගින් සොයාගනු ලැබූ මානව කෘතික සාධකවලට අනුව යට කී ස්ථානවල ආදි මානවයා ජීවත් වූ කාලය අදින් වසර 2,50, 000 ක් දක්වා ඈත අතීතයක් කරා දිවයන බවට විශ්වාස කෙරේ. පුරා ශිලා යුගය නොඑසේ නම් පැලියෝලිතික යුගය<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"> (Paliolitic Era) </span>නියෝජනය කරන්නා වූ වසර 2,50,000 ක් පමණ ඉපැරණි ගල් ආයුධ (මෙවලම්) භාවිතා කළ මානවයා බොහෝ විට හෝමෝහැබිලිස් <span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">(Homo Habelis)</span> මානවයා විය හැකි බවට අනුමාන කෙරේ.</div>
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එසේම බුන්දල මිහිහාගලකන්ද හා උස්සන්ගොඩ යනාදී ස්ථානවලින් වාර්තා වී ඇති අදින් වසර 1,25,000 ත් 75000 අතර කාල වකවානුවට අයත් වන ගල් ආයුධ (මෙවලම්) භාවිතා කළ මානවයා බොහෝ විට හෝමොඉරෙක්ටස්<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">(Homo Erectus)</span> මානවයා විය හැකි බවට අනුමාන කෙරේ. මෙකී පුරාවිද්යාත්මක සාධක මඟින් තහවුරු වන්නේ ලක්දිව මුල් ම ජනාවාස කරණයේ ආරම්භය ඉතා ඈත අතීතයක් කරා දිව යන බවයි.</div>
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මධ්යතනය ශිලා යුගය නොඑසේ නම් මෙසොලිතික යුගයේ <span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;">(Mesolitic Era) </span>දී මානව ජනාවාස ගතතොරතුරු මෙරට බොහෝ ස්ථානවලින් හමුවී ඇත. ඉන් අදින් වසර 34000 ක් පමණ ඈත අතීතයක් කරා දිවයන මානව අවශේෂ බුලත්සිංහල පාහියන් ලෙනින් හමුවී ලක්දිව සාධක සහිත තහවුරු වී ඇති ඉපැරණිතම ජනාවාස සාධකය වේ.</div>
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මෙයට අමතරව කුරුවිට අසල බටදොඹ ලෙන (එනම් වසර 28500 ක් පමණ), අම්බලන්ගොඩ බෙල්ලන්බැදිපැලැස්ස ලෙන (එනම් වසර 14,000 ක් පමණ) කිතුල්ගල බෙලිලෙන (වසර 13000 ක් පමණ) කෑගල්ල අත්තනගොඩ අලු ලෙන (එනම් වසර 10500 පමණ) යනාදී ලෙන් තුළින් ලංකාවේ ආදිතම ජනාවාස පිළිබඳව ද්රව්යාත්මක සාධක හමුවී ඇත.</div>
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ක්රි.පූ. 6 වෙනි සියවසේ දී පමණ උතුරු ඉන්දියාවේ සිට ලක්දිවට සංක්රමණය වූ ආර්යයන් මෙරට තුළ ජනාවාස පිහිටුවා ගැනීම ලක්දිව ඉතිහාසයේ ආරම්භය ලෙස සාමාන්යයෙන් සලකුණු ලැබේ. මේ ආර්ය ජනාවාසවල ආරම්භය නිශ්චිත වශයෙන් කාල නිර්ණය කිරීමට උගහට ය. යටකී අන්දමින් ක්රි.පූ. 6 වෙනි සියවසට පෙර ආර්යයන් මෙරටට සංක්රමණය වන්නට ඇතැයි කියා අනුමාන කළ හැකි වන අතර එතැන් පටන් සියවස් ගණනාවක් යනතුරු ම සිදුවූ සංක්රමණයන් හේතු කොටගෙන යටකී ජනාවාස ක්රමික ව මෙරට තුළ ව්යාප්ත විය.</div>
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ලක්දිව ආර්යය ජනාවාස පිහිටුවීම හා එහි ව්යාප්තිය පිළිබඳ ව විමර්ශනය කරනු වස් මහාවංශයේ එන තොරතුරුත් ඉපැරණි බ්රහ්මි සෙල්ලිපිත් (එනම් යාල අභය භූමිය, සිතුල්පව්ව, බෝවත්තේගල යනාදී ස්ථානවලින් හමුවී ඇති බ්රහ්මි සෙල්ලිපි වලින්) මහත්සේ මහෝපකාරී වේ.</div>
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ඒ අනුව ගංගා මිටියාවත්වලට ආසන්නව ජනාවාස පිහිටුවා ගන්නට ඔවුන් පෙලඹුණු බව පැහැදිලි වන ලක්ෂණයකි. එකී ගංගා අතර මල්වතු ඔයට (මහා වංශයට අනුව කාදම්භ නදී) ප්රධාන තැනක් හිමි විය. එනම් මල්වතු ඔය මුවදොරට ආසන්නව පිහිටි මහාථිත්ත හෙවත් මාන්තායි නම් වූ පැරණි වරායෙන් මෙරටට ගොඩබට ආර්යයෝ මල්වතු ඔය මිටියාවත ඔස්සේ රජරට උතුරු දිසාවට පැමිණියහ.</div>
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ඉක්බිතිව ඔවුන් විසින් මල්වතු ඔය අසබඩ ඉදිකරගන්නා ලද ප්රධාන ජනපද දෙකකි අනුරාධගාම හා උපතිස්සගාම. මෙයට අමතරව ඔවුහු ගිනිකොණ දිසාවෙන් වූ කුඹුක්කන් ඔය, කිරිදිඔය හා මැණික් ගඟ ඇසුරු කර ගනිමින් තව තවත් ජනපද පිහිටුවා ගනිමින් තම ජන ව්යාප්තිය වර්ධනය කරගන්නට උත්සුක වූහ.</div>
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<b><span style="font-size: x-large;">ලක්දිව හැඳින්වූ විවිධ නාම මෙසේ ය.</span></b></div>
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1. ආමු ද්වීප</div>
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2. ඉන්දියන් සාගරයේ මුතු ඇටය</div>
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3. ඉළංගෙයි</div>
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4. ඉළංදු</div>
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5. ඉළනාර</div>
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6. ඊළ</div>
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7. ඊළාම් (මෙය දමිල භාෂාවෙන් ලක්දිව හැඳින්වූ නාමයයි)</div>
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8. ඕජදීප</div>
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9. කසිගෝ</div>
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10. කේට් ලංකා</div>
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11. කෙයිලෝන්</div>
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12. චල (අරාබි භාෂාවෙන්)</div>
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13. චිංකලෙයි (දමිළ භාෂාවෙන්)</div>
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14. තනසරිම්</div>
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15. තපරවාන්</div>
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16. තබර්ඛාන්</div>
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17. තම්බපණ්ණී</div>
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18. තම්බපණ්ණී ද්වීප</div>
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19. තම්තබීන්</div>
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20. තඹපැන් ද්වීප</div>
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21. තැප්රොබේන් (ග්රීක - රෝම යන භාෂාවලින්)</div>
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22. තාර්සිස්</div>
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23. තාමුදීප්</div>
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24. තිලක (රුහුණු පිහිටි මායා බෙදීම මුල්කොට ගෙන භාවිතා විය)</div>
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25. ත්රී සිංහලය (ඉහත බෙදීම හා බැදේ)</div>
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26. තේහු හොයිගෝ (බුරුම භාෂාවෙන්)</div>
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27. දසඛණ්ඩි රාජ්ය</div>
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28. දිල්මුන්</div>
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29. දශෂිර : පුර</div>
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30. පරවාන් ද්වීප</div>
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31. පලාංකොට්</div>
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32. පළේසිමන්දු</div>
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34. ජැසිරාත් - අල් යකුත් (අරාබි භාෂාවෙන්)</div>
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35. ජම්බු ද්වීප (පාලි භාෂාවෙන්)</div>
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36. මණ්ඩ ද්වීප</div>
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37. මණ්ඩු ද්වීප</div>
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38. රත්න ද්වීප (ලක්දිව මැණික් ලොව ප්රකට බැවින්)</div>
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39. රත්නදීප</div>
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40. රාවණපුර</div>
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41. රාවණ ද්වීප</div>
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42. රාක්ෂ ද්වීප</div>
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43. රාක්ෂ පුර</div>
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44. රකියුප්</div>
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45. රුවන්දීප</div>
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46. ලංකා (හෙළ භාෂාවෙන්)</div>
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47. ලංකා ද්වීප</div>
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48. ළක</div>
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49. ලක්දිව</div>
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50. වරදීප</div>
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51. පිති ක්වෝ (චීන භාෂාවෙන්)</div>
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52. ශ්රී ලංකා (වර්ෂ 1972 ජනරජ</div>
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ව්යවස්ථාවෙන් ඉක්බිතිව)</div>
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53. සග සස්දිව්</div>
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54. සයිලන්තු (මලයාලම් භාෂාවෙන්)</div>
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55. සලිස්</div>
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56. සළිකේ</div>
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57. සාලයික්</div>
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58. සින්දු</div>
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59. සිමන්ඩා</div>
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60. සීමන්ඩාදු</div>
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61. සිරිලක (හෙළ භාෂාවෙන්)</div>
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62. සිසිල</div>
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63. සිහලද්වීප</div>
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64. සිලිදිව්</div>
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65. සිලොන් (ඉංග්රීසි භාෂාවෙන්</div>
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66. සිංගල් දිව්</div>
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67. සිංගලම් (දමිළ භාෂාවෙන්)</div>
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68. සිංහලය</div>
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69. සිංහල ද්වීප</div>
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70. සිලන්</div>
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71. සිහලදිව්</div>
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72. සිහලාන් ද්වීප</div>
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73. සිහොලේ (පාලි භාෂාවෙන්)</div>
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74. සිගෝ (බුරුම භාෂාවෙන්)</div>
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75. සිලාන් (අරාබි භාෂාවෙන්)</div>
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76. සුපර් චාන් (තායි භාෂාවෙන්)</div>
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77. සෙයිලාන්</div>
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(පෘතුගිසි භාෂාවෙන්)</div>
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78. සෙයිලාන් දිවන්</div>
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79. සෙරන්දිබ් (අරාබි භාෂාවෙන්)</div>
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80. සෙන්කියා (චීන භාෂාවෙන්)</div>
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81. හෙලන්දු</div>
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82. හෙල ද්වීප</div>
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83. හෙල දෙරණ</div>
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84. හෙළය</div>
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85. හේලිකේ</div>
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86. පෙලෙයිසිමන්ඩා</div>
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87. පරවාන් ද්වීප</div>
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88. පෙරදිග ලෝකයේ ධාන්යාගාරය</div>
සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-40293839629124146542015-06-09T20:08:00.000+05:302015-06-09T20:12:26.564+05:30 ඉංග්රීසීන් පළාත් බෙදූ හැටි<span style="background-color: white; color: #003300; font-size: medium; widows: auto;"> ඉංග්රීසීන් පළාත් බෙදූ හැටි!</span><span style="background-color: white; font-size: small; widows: auto;"><br /><br /><img align="left" border="0" src="http://www.divaina.com/2014/03/10/01.jpg" height="452" hspace="6" width="300" />ලංකාව පාලනය කළ අපේ සිංහල රජවරු පාලන පහසුව පිණිස මුල සිටම රට කොටස් වශයෙන් බෙදා පාලනය කරන ලදී. මෙහි මුල්ම බෙදීම වශයෙන් රට කොටස් තුනකට බෙදා තිබුණේ ඈත අතීතයේ සිටය. එම බෙදීම රුහුණු, මායා, පිහිටි යනුවෙන් කොටස් තුනකට අයත්විය. එය කෙටියෙන් හඳුන්වන ලද්දේ ත්රිසිංහලය කියායි. මහවැලි ගඟින් හා දැදුරු ඔයෙන් නැගෙනහිර කොටස අයත්වූයේ පිහිටි රට හෙවත් තැනිතලා ප්රදේශයටයි. මෙම කොටස වැඩි වශයෙන් අයත් වූයේ වැව් බැඳි රාජ්යයටයි.<br /><br />පිහිටි රටට අයත් ප්රධාන නගර වශයෙන් එදා ගැනුණේ මාවටුපුරය, නාගදීපය, මංඩතීපය. මන්නාරම, මාතොට, අනුරාධපුරය. පුත්තලම, කදුරුගොඩ, තන්තිරිමාලේ යන පෙදෙස්ය. මෙහි මහාග්රාම සහ පටුනුග්රාම වශයෙන් තවත් ගම් බොහෝ ගණනක් වී යෑයි විත්ති පොත්වල සඳහන්ව ඇත. පිහිටිරටේ එදා තිබූ එක්සාළිස් රට මෙසේ දක්වා ඇත.<br /><br />1. අමන්දරට 2. ඇළසර රට 3. උඩුගොඩ 4. අස්ගිරිය 5. සිරියාල 6. මහගුළුරට 7. සුළුගලුරට 8. කඩියාව 9. පොළොන්නරුව 10. පූඩාව 11. කොට්ටපිටිය 12. මංගලම්රට 13. කලා රට 14. සලාවල් රට 15. කෑලි රට 16. මාවටුව 17. මන්නාරම 18. කරඹ වලාන 19. නෙල්ලිවලාන 20 මහගල්ගමුව 21. දහස්තොට 22. දඹු නුවර 23. තඹගොමුව 24. වඩුන්නාගල 25. පළුවක්රට 26. කෝකාලය 27. පදීරට 28. මෝරුරට 29. කුරුඳු රට 30. මානාවතුරට 31. වැලිගම 32. මරිච්චිය 33. බලතඩිය 34. මුංඩවල්ලිය 35. කණුකිනියාව 36. ගල්තලය 37. මින්නේරිය 38 කවුඩුළු රට 39. වෙල්ගම්රට 40. ගෝණාවතුරට 41. අනුරාධපුර රට.<br /><br />මෙම එක් සාළිස් රට පාලනය සඳහා එම යුගයේ ඈපාවරුන් හා මාපාවරුන් සිට ඇත. මීළඟට රුහුණු රට වශයෙන් බෙදා වෙන්කළ ප්රදේශය සීමා වූයේ මහවැලි ගඟින් බටහිරටත් කළුගඟින් බටහිරටත් වෙන් වූ කොටසයි. එය අංක 1 සිතියම මගින් පැහැදිලි වේ. මෙහි ප්රධාන නගර ලෙසින් තිරිකුණාමලය, ගෝණගම, මහනුවර, මහියංගණය, බදුල්ල, මාගම, කතරගම යන ප්රදේශ ආවරණය වන පරිදි සිව්සාළිස් රටක් වශයෙන් හඳුන්වා දී තිබිණි. එම සිව්සාළිස් රට මෙසේ දක්වා ඇත.<br /><br /><img align="left" border="0" src="http://www.divaina.com/2014/03/10/02.jpg" height="497" hspace="6" width="300" />1. කොත්මලය 2. මතුරට 3. ගොඩරට 4. පස්ගොමුව 5. සගම 6. කටුපුළුව 7. වේරනිම්බය 8. සොරබොර 9. කොටසර 10. ඌව 11. බදුල්ල 12. රිටිගල් දනව්ව 13. දෙගල්දනව්ව 14. කොක්කාගල 15. මාවටු රට 16. මැවැලිදනව්ව 17. කළුවැලිදනව්ව 18. කිණිහිරි රට 19. මාගම 20. මීවෙල් දනව්ව 21. එරා උළුරට 22. මිණිගල්රට 23. රුහුණුගල්රට 24. දිගාමඬුල්ල 25. මල්වතූ මඬුල්ල 26. ගල්බෝ රට 27. කොටගල 28. සබරගොමුව 29. පිටිගම 30. කඩරට 31. ඇඹලව 32. සඳගිරිය 33. සීවය 34. ගිරිවාය 35. මාගල් මඬුල්ල 36. කුඹුක්ගං දනව්ව 37. වැලිගම 38. දහස් ගව්ව 39. දොළොස්දහස් රට 40. උග්ගල්රට 41. නඳුන්ගල් රට 42. සපුගල්රට 43. බද රට 44. මාතොට දෙව්නුවර ආදී වශයෙන්ය. මේ ප්රදේශ පාලනය සඳහා ද එදා ඈපාවරු හා මාපාවරු පත්කර සිටි අතර රජු මුළු රටේම ප්රධානියා විය. භූමියේ භාරකරුවා වූයේ මහරජුය. එය ඉර හඳ පවතිනා තුරු සත්යයක් ලෙස සෙල් පුවරුවල කොටා ප්රකාශයට පත්කර තිබිණි. අනෙක් රට වූ මායා රට ප්රමාණයෙන් කුඩා වූ අතර එය දැදුරුඔයේ බටහිර හා කළුගඟේ නැගෙනහිර මිටියාවතේ විහිද තිබිණි.<br /><br />පැරණි විත්ති පොත්වලට අනුව මායා රාජ්යයේ රටවල් 29 ක් වූ බව සඳහන් වේ. එහි ප්රධාන ස්ථාන ලෙසින් මහණුවම්තොට. මාදම්පේ, කටුගස්තොට, කළුතර, කැලණිය, හස්ති ශෛලපුර, ශුභපර්වත යනාදිය සඳහන් වේ. රට විසි නවය අතරට 1. සිදුරුවාණය 2. බළවිට 3. මාතලේ 4. බෝගම්බර 5. දුම්බර 6. මායාදුනුරට 7. සඳපාන්දුනුරට 8. පාලම්ගොමුව 9. කුඹුරුගොමුව 10. අටකලන්ද 11. මානියම්ගොමුව 12. දෙණවක 13. කළුගල්ල 14. නවයොදුන්රට 15. පස්යොදුන්රට 16. පානබුනුරට 17. කැළණිදෙගංබඩ 18. අත්තනගල්ල 19. කුරුරට 20. පිටිගල්රට 21. දඹදෙණිය (මෙය පසුකාලීනව සිංහල රාජ්ය බවට පත්විය. ඒ ක්රි.ව. 1220 සිට 1276 දක්වාය). 22. බෙලිගල්රට 23. දෙලනමැද වෙලාන 24. දේවමැදිරට 25. කුරුණෑගල 26. ගල්බඩරට (විල්ලිගෙදර) 27. මිණිසරුව 28. තාරවින්න 29. මාදුරය ආදිය ගැනිණ.<br /><br />මේ ඉහතින් දක්වන ලද්දේ එදා ඈත අතීතයේ දී අපේ රට බෙදා පාලනය කළ අයුරු සහ ඊට අයත් වූ පරිපාලන ප්රදේශයි. 1505 දී පෘතුගීසීන් අපේ රටට පැමිණි පසු ඔවුන් මුහුදුබඩ ප්රදේශ පාලනය කිරීම සඳහා මහත් පරිශ්රමයක් ගති. ඉන්පසුව ලන්දේසීන් එම කටයුත්ත තම අතට ගැනීමට කටයුතු කළෝය.<br /><br /><img align="left" border="0" src="http://www.divaina.com/2014/03/10/03.jpg" height="518" hspace="6" width="300" />පසුව වර්ෂ 1815 දී අපේ රට ඉංග්රීසීන් යටත් කරගත් පසු ඔවුන්ගේ පහසුව පිණිස එක් එක් අවස්ථාවලදී අපේ රට බෙදා පාලනය කළහ. මේ අනුව මුල්වරට 1833 දී විශේෂ නිවේදනයක් මගින් ලංකාව කොටස් පහකට බෙදන ලද අතර ඒ කොටස් පහත අයත්වූ ජනපද ප්රදේශයන්ද බෙදා හඳුන්වා දෙන ලදී. එම ගැසට් නිවේදනය 1833 ඔක්තෝබර් 1 දින දරන විශේෂ නිවේදනය ලෙස හැඳින්වේ. සිතියම අංක 2 මගින් එය පැහැදිලි කෙරේ. මේ මගින් හඳුන්වාදුන් පළාත් නම් 1 .උතුරු පළාත 2. දකුණු පළාත 3. නැගෙනහිර පළාත 4. බස්නාහිර පළාත 5. මැද පළාත යනු විසිනි. මෙය අපට වැදගත් වන්නේ ලංකාවේ පළමුවන පළාත් බෙදීම මෙය වන නිසාය. ඊට අයත්වූ පාලන ප්රදේශ මෙසේය.<br /><br />1. උතුරු පළාත - යාපනය, මන්නාරම, වන්නිය, නුවරකලාවිය, දිසාවනිය හා ඩෙල්µaට් දූපතයි.<br /><br />2. දකුණු පළාත - ගාල්ල, තංගල්ල, මාතර, හම්බන්තොට, සබරගමු දිසාවනිය, පාත ඌව හා වෙල්ලස්සයි.<br /><br />3. නැගෙනහිර පළාත - ත්රිකුණාමලය, මඩකලපුව, තමන්කඩුව හා බින්තැන්න යන ප්රදේශ.<br /><br />4. බස්නාහිර පළාත - කොළඹ, හලාවත, පුත්තලම, සත්කෝරළ දිසාවනිය, සතර කෝරළ දිසාවනිය, තුන්කෝරළ දිසාවනිය හා පාතබුලත්ගම යන ප්රදේශයන්ය.<br /><br />5. මැද පළාත - මහනුවර, යටිනුවර, උඩුනුවර, හාරිස්පත්තුව, තුම්පනේ, දුම්බර, හේවාහැට, කොත්මලේ, උඩබුලත්ගම, වියළුව, ඌව දිසාවනිය, මාතලේ දිසාවනිය, උඩපළාත දිසාවනිය හා වලපනේ දිසාවනිය යන ප්රදේශයන්ය. මෙම ප්රකාශනයෙන් ඉංග්රීසීන් දිස්ත්රික්ක මායිම්ද නියම කරන ලදී. මෙම පාලන ප්රදේශ වෙන්කිරීම 1845 වනතුරු ඉංග්රීසීන් විසින් ක්රියාත්මක කළ අතර පසුව 1845 ඔක්තෝබර් 1 දින විශේෂ ප්රකාශනයක් මගින් යළිත් ලංකාව පළාත් 6 ක් ලෙසින් බෙදා වෙන්කරන ලදී. මෙම කාලයේදී ලංකාවේ ඉංග්රීසි ආණ්ඩුකාරයා වශයෙන් කටයුතු කරන ලද්දේ කැම්බල් මහතාය. ඔහුගේ නියමයෙන් පරිපාලනය සඳහා වෙන්කළ නව පළාත් හය මෙසේ විය. අංක 3 සිතියම මගින් එය විග්රහ කර ඇත. 1845 ඔක්තෝබර් විශේෂ ගැසට්පත මගින් වෙන්කළ පළාත් හය.<br /><br /><img align="left" border="0" src="http://www.divaina.com/2014/03/10/04.jpg" height="473" hspace="6" width="300" />1. උතුරු පළාත - යාපනය, මන්නාරම, වන්නිය, නුවරකලාවිය. ඩෙල්µaට් දූපත.<br /><br />2. දකුණු පළාත - ගාල්ල, මාතර, හම්බන්තොට, සබරගමුවේ යකාවේල්ල, හතරබාගේ.<br /><br />3. නැගෙනහිර පළාත - ත්රිකුනාමලේ, මඩකලපුව, තමන්කඩුව, මැද පළාතට හසු නොවූ බින්තැන්නේ ඉතිරි කොටස්.<br /><br />4. බස්නාහිර පළාත - කොළඹ, සතර කෝරළය, තුන් කෝරළය, දකුණු පළාතට අයත් නොවූ සබරගමුවේ ඉතිරි කොටස්, පාතබුලත්ගම.<br /><br />5. වයඹ පළාත - හලාවත, පුත්තලම, හත්කෝරළය.<br /><br />6. මැද පළාත - මහනුවර, යටිනුවර, උඩුනුවර, හාරිස්පත්තුව, තුම්පනේ, දුම්බර, හේවාහැට, කොත්මලේ, උඩබුලත්ගම, වියලුව, ඌව දිසාවනිය, මාතලේ දිසාවනිය, උඩ පළාත දිසාවනිය, වළපනේ දිසාවනිය, යන ප්රදේශයන්ය. මෙම ප්රකාශනයෙන් ඉංග්රීසීන් දිස්ක්රික්ක මායිම්ද නියම කරන ලදී. මෙම පාලන ප්රදේශ වෙන්කිරීම 1845 වනතුරු ඉංග්රීසීන් විසින් ක්රියාත්මක කළ අතර පසුව 1845 ඔක්තෝබර් 1 දින විශේෂ ප්රකාශණයක් මගින් යළිත් ලංකාව පළාත් 6 ක් ලෙසින් බෙදා වෙන්කරන ලදී. මෙම කාලයේදී ලංකාවේ ඉංග්රීසි ආණ්ඩුකාරයා වශයෙන් කටයුතු කරන ලද්දේ කැම්බල් මහතාය. ඔහුගේ නියමයෙන් පරිපාලනය සඳහා වෙන්කළ නව පළාත් හය මෙසේ විය. අංක 3 සිතියම මගින් එය විග්රහ කර ඇත. 1845 ඔක්තෝබර් විශේෂ ගැසට්පත මගින් වෙන්කළ පළාත් හය(<br /><br /><img align="left" border="0" src="http://www.divaina.com/2014/03/10/05.jpg" height="454" hspace="6" width="300" />1. උතුරු පළාත, යාපනය, මන්නාරම, වන්නිය නුවරකලාවිය, ඩෙල්µaට් දූපත,දකුණු පළාත, ගාල්ල, මාතර, හම්බන්තොට, සබරගමුවේ යකාවේල්ල, හතරබාගේ.<br /><br />3. නැගෙනහිර පළාත, ත්රිකුණාමලේ, මඩකලපුව තමන්කඩුව, මැදපළාතට හසුනොවූ බින්තැන්නේ ඉතිරිකොටස්.<br /><br />4. බස්නාහිර පළාත, කොළඹ, සතරකෝරළය, තුන්කෝරළය, දකුණු පළාතට අයත් නොවූ සබරගමුවේ ඉතිරි කොටස්, පාතබුලත්ගම.<br /><br />5. වයඹ පළාත, හලාවත, පුත්තලම, හත්කෝරළය.<br /><br />6. මැද පළාත, මහනුවර, යටනුවර, උඩුනුවර හා හාරිස්පත්තුව, තුම්පනේ, වියලුව, ඌව, මාතලේ, උඩ පළාත, වළපනේ, වෑගම්පහ, කොළවක්ගම්පහ, බින්තැන්න, මෙයන්වේවැල්ල, මාවැලිගඟබද, බින්තැන්නේ ඉතිරි වූ බිම් පෙදෙස් 1845 ප්රකාශයෙන් වයඹ නමින් අලුත් පළාතක් වෙන්වුණි. මැද පළාතට දකුණු පළාතින් කොටස් කීපයක් ද, බස්නාහිර පළාතට දකුණු පළාතින් සුළු ප්රමාණයක්ද යළිත් එකතු කරන ලදී. මෙසේ වෙන්කරන ලද්දේ රටතුළ සිවිල් පාලනයක් ගෙනයැමේ පහසුව සඳහා බව කියෑවේ.<br /><br />මෙම බෙදීම බොහෝ කලක් නොතිබුණි. යළිත් වරක් 1873 දී පළාත් හතක් ලෙසින් ලංකාව බෙදා වෙන්කරන ලදී. මේ කාලයේ දී අපේ රටේ ඉංග්රීසි ආණ්ඩුකරු ලෙස කටයුතු කළේ ග්රැගරි මහතාය. අපේ සිංහල උදවිය ඔහුට කීවේ ගිරිගෝරිස් ආණ්ඩුකාරතතැන කියායි. 1873 සැප්තැම්බර් 6 දින දරන විශේෂ ප්රකාශ පත්රයෙන් බෙදා වෙන්කරන ලද පළාත් හත මෙසේ දැක්වේ. අංක 4 සිතියම.<br /><br />1. උතුරු පළාත - යාපනය, මන්නාරම, වන්නිය ඩෙල්µaට් දූපත.<br /><br />2. දකුණු පළාත - ගාල්ල, මාතර, හම්බන්තොට, සබරගමුවේ යකාවේල්ල, හතරබාගේ.<br /><br /><img align="left" border="0" src="http://www.divaina.com/2014/03/10/06.jpg" height="484" hspace="6" width="300" />3. නැගෙනහිර පළාත - ත්රිකුණාමලය, මඩකලපුව, මධ්යම පළාතට ඇතුළත් නොවූ බින්තැන්නේ කොටස්.<br /><br />4. බස්නාහිර පළාත - කොළඹ, සතර කෝරළය, තුන්කෝරළය, දකුණු පළාතට අයිති නොවූ සබරගමුවේ ඉතිරි කොටස්, පාත බුලත්ගම.<br /><br />5. වයඹ පළාත - හලාවත, පුත්තලම, දෙමළ හත්පත්තුව, ඇතුළත් නොවූ හත්කෝරළය.<br /><br />6. මැද පළාත - මහනුවර, යටිනුවර, උඩුනුවර, හාරිස්පත්තුව, තුම්පනේ, දුම්බර, හේවාහැට, කොත්මලේ, උඩබුලත්ගම, වෙල්ලස්ස, වියලුව, ඌව, මාතලේ, උඩපළාත, වලපනේ, බින්තැන්නට ඇතුළත් වෑගම්පහ, කොළවක් ගම්පහ, මෙයන්වැල්ල, මහවැලිගඟේ වම් ඉවුර බද බින්තැන්නේ කොටස්.<br /><br />7. උතුරු මැද පළාත - නුවරකලාවිය, තමන්කඩුව, සත්කෝරළයේ දෙමළ හත්පත්තුව.<br /><br />මෙම විශේෂ පත්රිකාව මගින් බෙදූ පළාත් හතේ බෙදීමට උතුරුමැද පළාත යනුවෙන් අලුත් පළාතක් නිර්මාණය වූයේ වයඹින් හා උතුරින් ද කොටස් එකතු කිරීමෙන්ය. නමුත් මෙම පළාත් හතේ පාලනයද වසර කීපයකින් අවසන් විය. 1886 දී යළිත් ඌව යනුවෙන් පළාතක් බෙදා වෙන්කර පළාත් අටක් වශයෙන් පාලනය කෙරිණි.<br /><br />වර්ෂ 1886 පෙබරවාරි මස 1 වැනි දින විශේෂ ප්රකාශනයක් මගින් මෙම වෙන්කිරීම සිදුකරන ලදී. මෙම බෙදීම සිදුකරන ලද්දේ ගෝර්ඩන් ආණ්ඩුකරුට පෙර සිටි ලොංග්ඩන් ආණ්ඩුකරුගේ කාලයේ දීය. ඔහු සිවිල් පරිපාලන ක්රමය බොහෝසේ විමධ්ය ගත කළ අයකු සේ සැලැකේ. එසේම ඔහුගේ කාලයේ මංමාවත් ඉදිවීමද දියුණු විය. අලුතින් ඇතිකළ ඌව පළාත පුරාණ මැද පළාතට අයත් නොවූ කොටස් එකතුකර නිර්මාණය කරන ලදී.<br /><br />මෙසේ නිර්මාණය කරන ලද පළාත් අටේ පාලනය සිදුවූයේ ද වසර කීපයක් පමණි. යළිත් 1889 ජනවාරි 1 දින විශේෂ ප්රකාශයක් මගින් 1873 දී වෙන්කළ බස්නාහිර පළාත කොටස් කර එක්කොටසක් බස්නාහිර පළාත කියාද අනෙක් කොටස සබරගමු පළාත කියාද කොටස්කර පළාත් 9 ක් වනසේ බෙදන ලදී. අංක 6 සිතියම. මෙම පළාත් නවයේ බෙදීම ක්රියාත්මක කිරීමට මුල්වූයේ එවක සිටි ගෝඩන් ආණ්ඩුකාරවරයාය. යළිත් 1898 නොවැම්බර් මාසයේ විශේෂ පත්රිකාවක් මගින් උතුරුකරයේ තුනුත්කෙත පත්තුව යාපනේ දිස්ත්රික්කයට එකතු කරන ලදී.<br /><br />1815 දී ලංකාවේ පාලනය ඉංග්රීසීන් අතට ගියපසු පාලනතන්ත්රය දිස්ත්රික මට්ටමින් විමධ්යගත කර දිසාපතිවරු හා ආදායම් පාලකවරු මගින් සිවිල් පාලනයක් ගෙන ගියේය. එය අපේ රටේ තිබූ පැරණි ක්රමය ක්රම ක්රමයෙන් ඉවත් කිරීමකි.<br /><br />එදා තිබූ රාජකාරි ක්රමය මඟින් සිංහල රදළ පිරිස් නොයෙක් මුලාදැනි තනතුරු දරන ලද්දේ කෝරළ පත්තු හා දිශා පාලන ක්රම තුළය. ඉංග්රීසීන් 1815 උඩරට ගිවිසුම මගින් උපක්රමශීලීව මෙම තනතුරු නැතිකර ඔවුන්ගේ හමුදා නිලධාරීන් පාලන කාර්යයට සහභාගි කරවන ලද්දේ මෙවැනි පළාත් බෙදීම ආදී ක්රමෝපායයන් තුළය. පසුව 1818 හා 1848 මහා අරගල ඇතිවූයේත් පසුව 1948 දක්වා ප්රතිසංස්කරණ ක්රියාදාමයන් ඇතිවූයේත් මේ ක්රියාවන්හි ප්රතිඵල ලෙසින්ය. අදත් අපි ඒ ක්රම තුළම අනුගත වී සිටිමු.<br /><br /><br />* ධර්මරත්න තෙන්නකෝන්<br /><br /><i><span style="color: #003300;">පාදක සටහන් -<br /><br />පුරාවෘත්ත සංග්රහය සිරිලක් කඩයිම්<br /><br />"අතීත ලංකා"<br /><br />මහවැලි වංශය<br /><br />කන්ද උඩරට රාජධානිය සහ 1818 කැරැල්ල</span></i></span><br />
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<span style="color: #003300; font-size: large;">තුන් හෙළය පළාත්වලට බෙදුනේ මෙහෙමයි!</span><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /><br />ශ්රී ලංකාව පුරාණයේ පාලනයේ පහසුව සඳහා බෙදී තිබුණේ රුහුණු, මායා, පිහිටි වශයෙනි. ශ්රී ලංකාවේ දකුණු මැද පෙදෙසේ කඳු රාශියක් පිහිටා තිබුණ අතර අඩි 8292 ක් උසැති පිදුරුතලාගල ඒවායින් උසම කන්ද විය. මේ වන විට උඩරට නමින් හඳුන්වනු ලබන මේ අති විශාල කඳුකර ප්රදේශය, සුවදායක, ශීතල දේශගුණයකින් ද යුක්ත විය. ස්වභාවයෙන්ම හැම කල්හිම දිය පිරුණු ගංගා හා ඇළ ,දොළ, නිසා මේ ප්රදේශයේ ජලය සුලබය. මේ ගංගා තැන් තැන් වල විසිතුරු දිය ඇලි ලෙසින් පහළට ගලනු දැකීම උඩරට ප්රදේශයටම ආවේනික දසුනක් විය. මුළුමහත් කඳුකර ප්රදේශයම සරුවට වැඩුණු වෘක්ෂලතාවන්ගෙන්ද, ස්වාභාවික සුන්දරත්වයෙන් ද, අනූනය. මේ සෞන්දර්ය උඩරට පිහිටි කඳුවල ද මැනවින් දැකගත හැකිය. කඳුකර පෙදෙසේ සාමාන්ය වාර්ෂික වර්ෂාපතනය අඟල් 80 සිට 125 දක්වා ද වෙයි. රම්බොඩ හා නකල්ස් පෙදෙස අවට මහවැලි ගඟේ ඉහළ නිම්නයේ වාර්ෂික වර්ෂාපතනය අඟල් 140 සිට 200 දක්වා වෙයි. අනෙක් ප්රදේශවලට වඩා විශාල ස්වභාවයකින් යුක්ත ඌව කඳුකරයේ හා නැගෙනහිර කඳුකරයේ වාර්ෂික වර්ෂාපතනය අඟල් 65 සිට 100 දක්වා පවතී. මේ පුරාණ කන්ද උඩරට අසිරියෙන් බිඳකි. සිංහල රජවරුන්ගේ අන්තිම බලකොටුව වූයේ කඳුවලින් වටවූ උඩරට රාජ්යයයි. යුරෝපීය සතුරන් පහත රට අල්ලාගෙන සිටියදී නිදහස ආරක්ෂා වී තිබුණේ මේ කන්ද උඩරට රාජ්යයේ ය.<br /><br />මහවැලි ගඟට නැගෙනහිරින් පිහිටි මුළු පෙදෙස ද, පහළ ඌව ද, හම්බන්තොට, ගාලු, මාතර, දිස්ත්රික්කද ඇතුළත් වූ රුහුණු රටේ අගනුවර වූයේ මහගම හෙවත් මාගමය. දැන් මාගම හඳුන්වන්නේ තිස්සමහරාමය ලෙසය.<br /><br />රජරට ගැන සඳහනක් 9 වැනි සියවස දක්වාම වංශකතාවල සඳහන් නොවන නමුත් ක්රි. පූ. 161 වැන්නේදී දුටුගැමුණු මහ රජතුමා ලංකාව එක්සේසත් කිරීමට පෙරාතුව විසූ රජවරුන් අනුරාධපුරය රාජධානිය කරගෙන රජකම් කළ රජරට ප්රධාන දිසා හතරකට අනුව නම් කරනු ලැබූ ප්රදේශ හතරකට බෙදා තිබුණේය. මෙයින් ඉහළ වැදගත්කමක් ලැබී තිබුණේ 66 වැනි සියවසේ අවසානයේ පටන් දකුණු දේශයටය. දකුණු දේaශය පාලනය කරන ලද්දේ උප රාජයකු විසින්ය. දොළොස් වැනි සියවසේ අගභාගය වන විට මේ නම් වල වෙනසක් ඇති වී රජරට පිහිටි රට යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වීම ඇරඹිණි. දකුණු දේශය හා මලය දේශය එක්කොට මහයා රට යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වීම ඇරැඹිණි. මායා රට යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වූයේ එය මායා හෙවත් මායාගේ ප්රදේශය යන අර්ථයෙනි.<br /><br />වෙනසකට භාජන නොවූ රුහුණු රට හෙවත් රෝහණ දේශයත් මායා රටත් එක්කොට ත්රිසිංහල රාජ්ය හෝ තුන් රාජ්ය වශයෙන් හැඳින්විය.<br /><br />රජරටත් රුහුණත් එකිනෙකින් වෙන් කරන ලද්දේ මහවැලි (මහවැලි) ගඟෙනි. මහවැලි ගඟ යටකී රාජ්ය දෙකට රැකවරණ ලබාදුන් බාධක ගංඟාවක් විය. ක්රි. පූ. දෙවැනි සියවසේදී දුටුගැමුණු කුමරු විසින් මෙහෙයවූ යුද්ධයේදීත්, දොළොස්වැනි සියවසේදී පරාක්රමබාහු රජු සහ මානාභරණ රජු අතර පැවැති අභ්යන්තර යුද්ධයේදීත් මහවැලි ගඟ අසල බොහෝ සටන් පැවති බව සඳහන් වේ. ගඟදිගේ පිහිටි තොටුපොළවලට රැකවරණය පතා පිහිටුවන ලද බළ කොටු රාශියකට විජිත නගර නමැති මහබළ කොටුවෙන් උදව් ලැබී ඇත. දොළොස්වැනි සියවසේ පොළොන්නරුව යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ මේ බල කොටුවයි. පොළොන්නරුව යුද්ධෝපක්රමික අතින් වැදගත් විය. රුහුණෙන් සිදුවන ආක්රමණවලින් රජරට රැකුණේ පොළොන්නරුවෙන් ලැබුණ ආරක්ෂාව නිසාය. එසේම ආක්රමිණිකයන්ගෙන් තර්ජන එල්ලවූ හැම විටම එයට එරෙහිව ලහි ලහියේ ආරක්ෂාව සංවිධාන කිරීමට හා අවශ්ය වූ විටෙක රුහුණු පාලකයන්ට පලායැමට සුදුසු තැනක් වූයේද පොළොන්නරුවයි.</span></div>
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<img border="0" height="698" src="http://www.divaina.com/2010/03/24/srilanka.jpg" width="500" /><span style="font-family: ''; font-size: medium;"><br /><br />පුරාණ යුගයේ රට බෙදා තිබුණු පිළිවෙළ ගැන හෝ එබඳු කොටස් පාලනය කළ ආකාරය ගැන හෝ මෙතෙක් ලැබී ඇත්තේ තොරතුරු ස්වල්පයක් පමණකි. එසේ වුවද 8 වැනි සියවසේ සිට 12 වැනි සියවස දක්වා කාලය එනම් මධ්යතන යුගයේ පාලනය කරන ලද ආකාරය පිළිබඳ තොරතුරු රාශියක් (ක්රි. ව. 1187 - 1196 ) කාලයේ රජකළ නිශ්ශංකමල්ල රජු විසින් කරවන ලද ටැම් ලිපියක "තුන් හෙළය" (රුහුණු, පිහිටි, මායා) ගැන සඳහන් වේ.<br /><br />පහතරට වියළි ප්රදේශය සිංහල සභ්යත්වයේ මුල් බිමය. ඒ හේතුවෙන් එම ප්රදේශය ඉතිහාසයේ වැදගත්ම ප්රදේශයයි. ශ්රී ලංකාවේ භූමි ප්රමාණයෙන් සියයට හැත්තෑවක් පමණ වන මේ ප්රදේශයට වයඹ, උතුර, ඊසාන, උතුරු මැද, නැගෙනහිර, ගිණිකොණ යන මේ කොටස් ඇතුළත්ය. ඔක්තෝබරයේ සිට අප්රේල් දක්වා පමණක් වැසි ලැබෙන නිසාත් (ඊසාන මෝසම්) මැයි සිට සැප්තැම්බර් දක්වා නියඟ ඇතිවන නිසාත්, (නිරිත මෝසම්) මේ ප්රදේශ වියළි කලාපය යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙයි.<br /><br />ප්රධාන වශයෙන් යුරෝපීය ජාතීන් තුනක් සමග නිරන්තරයෙන් පැවති අරගල අවසානයේ 1815 මාර්තු 02 දින උඩරට ගිවිසුම අත්සන් කිරීමෙන් පසුව රටේ පාලනයට ඉංග්රීසීන් අවතීර්ණ වීමත් සමගම, එතෙක් පැවති පාලන ක්රමය ද වෙනස්වීම ඇරැඹිණි. ඒ අනුව ලංකාවේ පාලනතන්ත්රය පරීක්ෂා කිරීම සඳහා බ්රිතාන්ය රජය විලියම් කෝල්බෘක් සාමිවරයා පත්කරනු ලැබ 1824 අප්රේල් මාසයේදී අවශ්ය කටයුතු සඳහා ලංකාවට පැමිණියේය. දිවයිනේ විවිධ ප්රදේශවල සංචාරය කරමින් විවිධ පුද්ගලයන්, සමිති සමාගම් හමුවෙමින් එක් රැස්කර ගත් කරුණු පදනම් කොටගෙන පරිපාලනය පිළිබඳ විශාල වෙනස්කම් සිදුවිය යුතු බවට නිර්දේශ ඉදිරිපත් කරමින් 1832 මාර්තු මාසයේ දී ඔහු සිය වාර්තාව බ්රිතාන්ය රජයට ඉදිරිපත් කළේය.<br /><br />මේ වනවිට උඩරට පහතරට යනුවෙන් ක්රියාත්මක වූ පාලන ක්රමය එක්කරමින් එකම පාලනයක් බවට පත්කළ යුතු බව කෝල්බෘක් හා කැමරන් නිර්දේශයන් වූ අතර දිවයිනම පරිපාලන පළාත් පහකට වෙන් කිරීම තවත් එක් නිර්දේශයක් විය.<br /><br />යාපනය අගනගරය කරමින් උතුරු පළාත ගාල්ල අගනුවර කරමින් දකුණු පළාත, ත්රිකුණාමලය අගනුවර කරමින් නැගෙනහිර පළාත, කොළඹ අගනුවර වශයෙන් බස්නාහිර පළාත හා මහනුවර අගනගරය මධ්යම පළාත ඉහත කී නිර්දේශය අනුව පිහිටුවන ලැබූ පළාත් පහයි. එක් පළාතක ප්රධාන රටකරවන නිලධාරියා ආණ්ඩුවේ ඒජන්ත වශයෙන් හැඳින් විය. ආණ්ඩුවේ ඒජන්තවරු පස් දෙනකුට සීමාවීම අනුව ආණ්ඩුවේ මුදල් විශාල ප්රමාණයක් අඩුකර ගැනීමට හැකි වීම ඉහතකී නිර්දේශයේ එක් වැදගත් අංගයක් විය. මේ පළාත් බෙදීයැමේ කිසිදු ඓතිහාසික හෝ ස්වාභාවික හෝ දේශපාලන සම්බන්ධකම් ගැන සැලකිල්ලක් දක්වා කරන ලද්දක් නොවන බව සඳහන් වේ. මුළු රටෙන් 1/5 ක් පමණ විශාල වූ කොටසක් එක් පළාතකට වෙන්වීම, මේ පළාත් බෙදීමේ ප්රධාන දුර්වලකමක් වශයෙන් හැඳින්වෙන අතර ගමනාගමන දුෂ්කරතා බෙහෙවින් බලපැවැත් වූ එකල තම පාලනය අදාළ පළාතේ බොහෝ කොටස් ආණ්ඩුවේ ඒජන්තවරයාගේ අවධානයෙන් ගිලිහීයැම හේතුකොට ගෙන ජනතාවට මහත්වූ දුෂ්කරතාවන්ට මුහුණදීමට සිදුවිය.<br /><br />ආරම්භයේ 1834 දී පළාත් පහක් වශයෙන් පැවතිය ද , ශ්රීමත් කොලීන් කැම්බල් ආණ්ඩුකාරයා (1841 - 1847) 1845 දී හලාවත, පුත්තලම හා සත්කෝරළය එක්කොට, පුත්තලම අගනුවර ලෙස පවත්වමින්, වයඹ පළාත බිහිකළේය. 1856 දී නැවත වරක් වයඹ පළාතේ අගනුවර කුරුණෑගල බවට පත්කරන ලදී. 1870 දී නැගෙනහිර පළාතේ අගනුවර වශයෙන් පැවති ත්රිකුණාමලය වෙනුවට මඩකලපුව තෝරා ගන්නා ලදී.<br /><br />1872 සිට 1877 දක්වා වසර පහක් ආණ්ඩුකාරධූරය දැරූ ශ්රීමන් විලියම් හෙන්ද්රිතුමාට, නුවර කලාපයේ හා තමන්කඩුවේ කළ සංචාරයකදී වැටහී ගිය පරිදි යාපනය දිසාපතිවරයාට ඈත සිංහල ගම් දනව් වෙනුවෙන් කටයුතු කිරීමේ දුෂ්කරතාවය පෙනී ගියෙන් 1873 දී අනුරාධපුරය අගනගරය කරමින් උතුරු පළාතට අයත්කොට තිබූ නුවර කළාපයත්, නැගෙනහිර පළාතට එක්කොට තිබූ තමන්කඩුවත් එක්කොට උතුරු මැද පළාත පිහිටුවීය.<br /><br />එක්දාස් අටසීය අනූව පමණ වන විට මොණරාගල, වැලිමඩ හා බදුල්ල ප්රදේශවල වතු වගාව සීග්රයෙන් වර්ධනය වන්නට විය. මේ වනවිටත් මෙකී ප්රදේශ ද මහනුවර අගනුවර කොට ගෙන පිහිටුවා තිබුණත් මහනුවර ඒජන්තගේ අවධානය යොමු වීම අපහසු කටයුත්තක් විය.<br /><br />මේ දුර බැහැර ප්රදේශ තනි පළාතක් යටතට ගැනීම පාලන කටයුතු වලටද පහසුවක් විය හැකි බව සලකා ශ්රීමත් ආතර් හැමිල්ටන් ගෝර්ඩන් ආණ්ඩුකාර තුමා මධ්ය පළාතට අයත්ව තිබූ බින්තැන්න, වියලුව, වෙල්ලස්ස, උඩුකිඳ, යටිකිඳ, කොටස් ද දකුණු පළාතට අයත්ව තිබූ වැල්ලවාය, බුත්තල යන පෙදෙස් ද එක්කොට බදුල්ල අගනුවර කරමින් ඌව පළාත බිහි කළේය.<br /><br />එසේම කුකුළු කෝරළය, කොළොන්න කෝරළය, වැනි ප්රදේශවල දියුණුවට කටයුතු කිරීම අපහසු බව පෙනී ගියෙන් 1889 දී ගෝර්ඩන් ආණ්ඩුකාරතුමා විසින් එතෙක් පිහිටුවා තිබුණු පළාත් අට තවදුරටත් පුළුල් කරමින් රත්නපුරය අගනුවර කරමින්, සබරගමුව ශ්රී ලංකාවේ නවවෙනි පළාත ලෙස නම් කළේය.<br /><br />රුහුණු, මායා, පිහිටි වශයෙන් ක්රියාත්මක වූ තුන් හෙළය රටට සුදු අලියෙක් වෙමින් දැනට ක්රියාත්මක වන පළාත් නවයක් ලෙස බිහි වූයේ ඔය ආකාරයටය.<br /><br />මෙයින් කෙටි කළකින්ම පරිපාලන කටයුතු ශීඝ්රයෙන් පුළුල් වන්නට විය. පළාත පාලනය කළ ඒජන්ත තැනට රාජකාරි කටයුතු බහුල වන්නට වූයෙන් , පළාත් දිස්ත්රික්ක වලට බෙදිණි. බස්නාහිර පළාත කොළඹ, කළුතර, ගම්පහ වශයෙන් ද, දකුණු පළාත ගාල්ල, මාතර, හම්බන්තොට වශයෙන් ද, මධ්යම පළාත මහනුවර හා මාතලේ ලෙස ද, ඌව පළාත බදුල්ල හා මොනරාගල යනුවෙන් හා අනෙකුත් සියලුම පළාත් ද දිස්ත්රික්ක වශයෙන් කොටස් දෙක තුන වනසේ බෙදී වෙන්විණි.<br /><br />පරිපාලනයේ පහසුව අරමුණ කොටගෙන බෙදුණු පළාත් අද වන විට සුදු අලියෙක් බවට පත්වී ඇතිවා පමණක් නොව උතුරු හා නැගෙනහිර පළාත් ජනවර්ගයන්ගේ නිජබිම වශයෙන් සලකමින් වෙනම රාජ්යයක් පිහිටුවීමේ පදනම වශයෙන් ඒත්තු ගැන්වීමේ වෑයමක් දක්වා ගමන්කොට ඇත.<br /><br />එච්. එම්. කල්දේරා</span></div>
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සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-12920104747671713412015-06-07T07:52:00.000+05:302015-06-07T07:52:39.418+05:30SRILANKAN TAMIL DIASPORA AND THEIR PAROCHIAL INDOCTRINATION ENDEAVOURS<div class="post" id="post-44393" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 40px; widows: auto;">
<span class="article_header" style="color: #990000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.8em; font-weight: bold; margin: 30px 0px 0px;">SRILANKAN TAMIL DIASPORA AND THEIR PAROCHIAL INDOCTRINATION ENDEAVOURS</span><br /><span class="date">Posted on June 1st, 2015</span><div class="entry" style="line-height: 1.4em; text-align: justify;">
<h2 style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.3em; margin: 30px 0px 0px;">
<span style="color: blue;"><em>Kanthar P Balanathan, Australia</em></span></h2>
<strong><u>General Paranoia</u></strong><br />
We Tamils are inflicted with parochial superiority complex and paranoia. No one understands and agrees that the racial and ethnic confrontation was launched by our so called Malaysian born SJV Chelvanayaka (m), when he floated the Federal Party (FP) in 1949. SJVC could have fought for a federal system from the British, prior to granting independence, however, he did not, and other politicians did not, that cause has not been disclosed. The main reason that could be ascribed to may be: if asked, the British might not grant favours to those Tamil elites who went to UK for studies and settlement. What was most important to the Tamil elites, who were misleading the Tamil mass, was their family growth: economically, educationally, and accumulation of wealth. The minds of the Tamil elites were inflicted with self-centred selfishness, which was dominating their parochial superiority psychoses mind.<br />
Their first phase was Ghandi yam style struggle. FP was creating the government immense governing problem. The details are well known to SriLankans, and need not be detailed here in this article. If the government did not respect the minority issues, they could have enacted by act of parliament to eliminate such anti-government propaganda, hartals and Satyagraha. However, SWRD, DS, and the politicians made efforts to formulate schemes to satisfy the Tamil politician’s power hunger greed.<br />
<ol style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 35px;">
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">If one could focus on the country. The British gave independence to the island as “<strong>CEYLON</strong>”. The British did not consider traditional homelands of different ethnic groups in the island to grant independence. It was “<strong>CEYLON</strong>” that received its independence. <strong>Can we get this concept through our thick skull?</strong></li>
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">The second concept was that the country will be governed through “<strong>DEMOCRACY</strong>”.</li>
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">The British throne will be the ultimate head of state.</li>
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">Privy Council will be the supreme judiciary.</li>
</ol>
The Tamils had strong focus for their family advancement and migration to the west.<br />
The weakness of the Tamil’s is their “<strong>Superiority Complex”, </strong>with <strong>inborn megalomania.</strong><br />
The second phase was armed struggle.<br />
It is absolutely, with no doubt, we all know that the youngsters Thangathurai and Kuttimani took up arm struggle, and the driver behind them was FP, through a representative in Valvettiturai. The above two youngsters were nothing but smugglers.<br />
With these two Vellupillai Prabakaran who did not even complete his year 9, got involved. Following LTTE, more than 25 armed groups gave birth. Subsequently majority of the groups were aligned to the government. Now we have to apply the democratic principle here, don’t we?<br />
The Vaddukoddai declaration was FP driven, declared on the 14<sup>th</sup> May 1976 for a Tamil Nation called, “<strong>Tamil Eelam</strong>”. This is an unexpected birth of a young new born baby, creating chaos in the minds of the SriLankans. Not all the Tamils welcomed and cuddled this declaration.<br />
<ol style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 35px;">
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">We can concurrently state that the country was in turmoil for 22 years of Ghandi yam disturbances by the FP. (1948-1970)</li>
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">For 25 years the country’s assets were destroyed and human life sacrificed, not valued, with the murder by LTTE. (1970-1995)</li>
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">For 14 years LTTE invaded Vanni and conducted their mushroom administration.</li>
</ol>
Can one SriLankan raise his finger and say that the government did not attempt to solve the issues?<br />
GOSL attempted to bring about a solution through various discussions, Thimbu etc., however, it did not get through the thick skull of neither Vellupillai Prabakaran, nor the Tamil Diaspora & local politicians. For the Tamil Diaspora and the local politics they planned a conspiracy to eliminate VP because they would not accept the caste of VP. Money making perpetrators wanted the struggle to prolong so that they could accumulate wealth.<br />
SriLankan economy was quite poor, and the government until 2004 did not take any positive measures to impede the terrorist actions, nor improve the economic condition. Only Tamils, were on illegal entry to Canada, UK, Australia, NZ, and Europe. Tamils in these countries established a safe haram and these Tamils were marked as “<em>scapegoats</em>” by the elite Tamil Diaspora to destroy SL under various slogans.<br />
After the “<em>war against terrorism</em>” that ended in 2009, Tamil refugees flooded various European countries including Australia and New Zealand. It was LTTE’s super plan to send youngsters and even children at the age of 13 or 14, as refugees for their mission to destroy SL. <strong><em>All of LTTE’s terrorist efforts ended in 2009 with the LTTE supporters accumulating wealth through Benami transactions</em></strong>.<br />
<em><u>Current Paranoia of Tamil Diaspora</u></em><br />
Currently, Tamil Diaspora, particularly refugee migrants, and uneducated are being used as scapegoats by mysterious, clandestine, veiled Tamil elites, and these poor peasants are on the run to gain popularity among the Tamils, that they are patriots of Tamil Eelam.<br />
<strong><em>These peasants should remember one key aspect: If they are patriots, then they should go back to SL and contest an election and fight for a solution, rather living on dole, and propagating big lies.</em></strong><br />
It is dishonouring and disgracing to note Tamil radios have allowed some programmers to talk about people who died 30 years ago, in the pretext that the SL navy killed a girl called, “<em>Kumuthini</em>”. These radios frequently talk about the war against terrorism, as freedom fight and about the Tamils killed. These Tamils have not got the guts to talk about the thousands of innocent people, politicians, prime Ministers, and Presidents killed by the LTTE. LTTE is a slaughter group, embracing nil principle, but killed all those who did not agree with them. It is known that the world should know how many thousands of humans, LTTE has slaughtered.<br />
LTTE is no different to AL-Qaeda. LTTE had a group called “Black Tigers”. It is the suicide squad. Principally, if a terrorist group embrace suicide squads, killing children as 16/18years, then the group can only be stamped as, “<strong><em>RUTHLESS MURDERERS</em></strong>”.<br />
It is all because of the shortfall in the intelligence of the young uneducated youth that were being used as scapegoats by the Tamil Elite politicians.<br />
<ol style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 35px;">
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">Currently the talk of the town is that drugs are being sold and used in the North. Who are selling the drugs? Who is buying the drugs? It is the Tamils who are selling and buying the drugs.</li>
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">Rapes and sex are on the increase among youngsters. Who are these youngsters? It is the Tamils again.</li>
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">Theft is on the increase in the North. Who are the thieves and burglars? They are Tamil again.</li>
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">Liquor is being sold in the North, which is blemishing the youngsters. Weren’t there any liquor shops in 1950/1960/1970? Who is selling these liquor? It is the Tamils again.</li>
</ol>
A politicians made a statement that liquor is being consumed by young boys of age as 16. Whose fault is this? Where are the parents? Why don’t they address this issue? Why is a politician talking about this on a foreign soil?<br />
The key issue is: Tamils in the North are flooded with cash from their relatives overseas. They do not know how the poor uneducated peasant refugee, sacrifices his life to earn the money and send it to his/her parent/brother/sister in Jaffna. Tamils in Jaffna enjoy. Why don’t the politicians visit villages and towns to study the pattern?<br />
One agenda that is being signalled around, over the Tamil radio is: Although the terrorist war has ended, have the Tamil’s got what they wanted? What! NPC was given, elections held in 2013. Tamils are still woofing. Why? It is because Tamils will never be contended. We are megalomaniac and suffer from superiority complex.<br />
Here Tamil Diaspora peasants have forgot a term called, “<em>Democracy</em>”, “<em>majority rule, minority rights</em>”. Well, the minority cannot <strong>have</strong> <strong>everything</strong>. Rule and governance goes by the democratic principles. The country cannot shovel the majority to a side, and give everything to the minority, which is undemocratic.<br />
In the case of Tamils, Tamils tell the lower caste, that elites are being elected democratically. Elites hold all leading positions and allow the lower caste to do menial work only. Mentally how does this project to an educated person? The elite Tamils and politicians contradict to whatever they say.<br />
According to a gentleman’s view who had returned from SL is that Tamils are on a spree of building temples in the North, giving business to the Indians. Have the Tamil Diaspora thought whether this is a good act for Tamil’s future?<br />
Jaffna has an array of jewellery and finance shops. This means that Tamils in Jaffna have abundance of wealth to purchase jewellery, and abundance of assets to borrow. Why groan about widows? Why cannot the Tamil Diaspora who swindle money, help these poor widows? Radios waste more time talking about martyrs and widows, why not talk about helping widows, rather building temples.<br />
Well,<br />
<ol style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 35px;">
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">A challenge to those Tamil Diaspora hillbillies: Don’t howl, growl, and woof on foreign soil and via Tamil radios. If you have the guts, then go back to SriLanka and contest an election to see if you can win.</li>
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">If a family loses its breadwinner, the family does not go on woofing for ever. They shut up and find ways and means of growing to meet the challenge in life.</li>
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">Just because the microphone in the Tamil broadcasting radio station is in your hands, don’t think that whatever you say is the right opinion, and whatever listeners say is wrong. That’s identified as a character of “<em>megalomania</em>”.</li>
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">Carrying tiger flags on foreign soil may pose a threat to the country’s national sovereignty. Tigers, whatever, people say, were identified as terrorists, even by USA.</li>
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">Think to yourselves that LTTE’ wealth accumulation was out of drug dealing & wheeling only.</li>
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">If a military person farts on the roads of Jaffna, Tamils woof that its human rights violation. Think that Tamils are on the run of drug dealing and wheeling, rapes and murder, thefts, and all of ill felt acts in the North.</li>
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">Tell the parents to look after their children, and manage the family well.</li>
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">Understand that liquor shops were in Jaffna for donkey years. NPC should address if there are illegal shops, and those that violates the law and the culture.</li>
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">Drug dealers were doing business in Valvettiturai even before the 1950s. That’s how VVT man became rich. NPC should address the drug dealing and wheeling, and take this up with the PM.</li>
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">Remember, the war against terrorism was not invited by the majority or the government of SriLanka, but it is the Tamil politicians, with shortfall in intelligence, perception and competence, invited and launched the terrorist war. Where are the children and grandchildren of those politicians?</li>
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">Where did terrorism give birth? It is in “<em>Valvettiturai”</em>. Think why?</li>
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">Remember 49% of the Tamils in SriLanka live outside the North & East. What do you want to do with them? Why not the Tamil radios talk about it?</li>
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">Why is Tamil Nadu using Tamils in SL as scapegoats?</li>
<li style="list-style: decimal outside; margin: 7px 0px 8px 10px; padding: 0px;">Why are Tamil elites using lower caste Tamil refugees as scapegoats for anti-government propaganda?</li>
</ol>
We know that only a few Tamils are now engaged in an attempt of indoctrination through radio & Internet, of the Tamils, to wage war against GOSL and the Sinhalese people. The 19<sup>th</sup> May incident in Jaffna is a typical paradigm. The refugee peasants who have invaded countries should endeavour to study the country’s language, and make use of the country’s facilities. They should not use the country’s freedom and facilities to wage terrorist war against SriLanka through sleeping cells in the North. Any country will tolerate up to its sovereignty not being threatened.<br />
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<h2 id="comments" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.3em; margin: 30px 0px 0px; widows: auto;">
2 Responses to “SRILANKAN TAMIL DIASPORA AND THEIR PAROCHIAL INDOCTRINATION ENDEAVOURS”</h2>
<ol class="commentlist" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; widows: auto;">
<li class="alt" id="comment-69119" style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-bottom-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" height="32" src="http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/65478d3b744d5baa3921526e23c9fb82?s=32&d=mm&r=g" srcset="http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/65478d3b744d5baa3921526e23c9fb82?s=64&d=mm&r=g 2x" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">Ratanapala</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2015/06/01/srilankan-tamil-diaspora-and-their-parochial-indoctrination-endeavours/#comment-69119" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">June 1st, 2015 at 6:08 pm</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Thank you Kanthar. You are a great patriot. You have spared no time and effort to expose the hypocrisy of the bigoted Racist Tamils. In life it is great to be grateful.</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
They had the best of education and jobs to boot during and after colonial times.</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
What a country we could have had if not for the ungrateful Racist Tamils? Sri Lanka lost all opportunities to become a rich middle income country during the late seventies up to 2009 due to Racist Tamil selfishness. Never happy, never satisfied. There are millions in Sri Lanka who are far worse off than the Tamils and yet the Racist Tamils can only think of themselves. They live among the Sinhalese in the South, work and have businesses in the South and yet they will not allow Sinhalese to live in the North.</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
The Racist Tamil mindset is not different anywhere else in the world either. They are involved in thievery, money laundering, human smuggling and financial fraud. Dishonesty is like mother’s milk to their psyche.</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
This is not to say there aren’t honest, law abiding and Tamils who wish well for the other. We are greatly indebted to Kanthar and his expose’s.</div>
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<li id="comment-69120" style="font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" height="32" src="http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/6d9b5468b6de4d97d87dd24963241f7e?s=32&d=mm&r=g" srcset="http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/6d9b5468b6de4d97d87dd24963241f7e?s=64&d=mm&r=g 2x" style="border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">stanley perera</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2015/06/01/srilankan-tamil-diaspora-and-their-parochial-indoctrination-endeavours/#comment-69120" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">June 1st, 2015 at 7:09 pm</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
It is nice to come from Kanthar. Thank you for revealing the true nature of the Racist Tamil’s thinking pattern. Why can’t they list out the grievances they are clammering for? There is no difference between SHYLOCK AND THE SRI LANKAN TAMILS EXCEPT FOR A HANDFULL OF DECENT TAMILS. PERHAPS,<br />SHYLOCK IS MUCH FAIRER PERSON THAN THESE TAMILS IN COMPARISON. I CALL UPON TOSE TAMILS INCLUDING SAMPANTHAN AND VIGNESWARAN TO SPELL OUT WHAT THEIR GRIEVANCES ARE. BLOODY BULL SHIT THEY SAYING. mAJORITY sINHALESE HAVE NO DISCRIMINATION AGAINST TAMIL PEOPLE.</div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Lucida Grande, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 10.8000001907349px; line-height: 16.2000007629395px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2015/06/01/srilankan-tamil-diaspora-and-their-parochial-indoctrination-endeavours/">http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2015/06/01/srilankan-tamil-diaspora-and-their-parochial-indoctrination-endeavours/</a></span></span></div>
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සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-89403610753577364702015-06-07T07:50:00.000+05:302015-06-07T07:50:13.350+05:30How Ranil prevented elimination of Prabhakaran 24 December 2001 - please watch ප්රභාකරන්ව ඝාතනය කිරීමට තිබූ අවස්ථාවක් 2001 රනිල් විසින් වළක්වපු අයුරු. 2001 මොහු මිය ගියානම් අප රටේ කොපමණ ජීවිත බේරා ගන්න තිබුනාද?<span class="news_header" style="color: #990000; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; widows: auto;"><a class="noUnderline" href="http://www.apeyrata.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/ranilStoppedPrabAssasi.mp4?_=1" style="color: #330099; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; widows: auto;">How Ranil prevented elimination of Prabhakaran 24 December 2001 - please watch ප්රභාකරන්ව ඝාතනය කිරීමට තිබූ අවස්ථාවක් 2001 රනිල් විසින් වළක්වපු අයුරු. 2001 මොහු මිය ගියානම් අප රටේ කොපමණ ජීවිත බේරා ගන්න තිබුනාද?</a></span><br />
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http://www.apeyrata.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/ranilStoppedPrabAssasi.mp4?_=1සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-15529999586399351162015-06-06T07:51:00.001+05:302015-06-06T07:51:11.871+05:30C<br />
<table bgcolor="#CCFFCC" border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="1" style="width: 100%px;"><tbody>
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<tr><td><a a="" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="DADAYANTHALAVA">Chadayantalawa, Chadayantalava (Ampara)<br />DADAYANTALAVA ⚓name<br />"This means "Hunting plane" and the sinhala "The-ද" has become Tamilzed to "Cha". The name "Dadayanthalaava" was correctly used even in 1948</a></td><td>දඩයන්තලාව</td></tr>
<tr><td><a a="" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="VAADIYA">Chaddi, Chaaddi, Catti, சாட்டி (Jaapanaya [Jaffna])<br />VAADIYA ⚓name<br />This is a small coastal location on the Urathota (Kayts Island) shore. "Vaadiya" is used to designate a hut or encampment associated with fishing or agricultural activity. By extension, it can apply to a tract of land used in farming, pasturage etc. Thus we have "parana-vaadiya" (Old-encampment), and "Thanamal-vaadiya" (Tract of flowering-grass), "Kurakkan-vaadiya"(chena of Millet) etc, in various parts of the country including the eastern province.<br />--<br />The very small old-town area near the Bentota tourist complex, (southern province) was originally known as "Vaadiya" as it started as an oyster-fishery complex (but inhabited by social groups not associated with fishing "castes", as well as sinhala families with Dutch names, e.g., van de Bona). In the early part of the 20th century "Vaadiya" in Bentota had a small "Rest house" and the "main street" itself was known as "Vaadiya". A remarkable Dutch church which existited till 1960, and used as a school, was unfortunately demolished by a government which had no sense of historical monuments. A Buddhist temple on a hillock (Udakotuva Vihaara) is of historical significance, but has no known ancient artifacts. This temple, and the more celebrated "Yaathramulle temple" a few kilometers away, had monks who taught Wilhelm Geiger, Rhys Davis and other western Pali pioneers.<br />--<br />It should also be noted that the form "kumburu-kattiya" may be used for a "tract of paddy land", and "kattiya" is probably derived from the Pali (c.f., Kottaasa). It means a tract or division (of land in the present context). Thus "chaddi" could also be related to "kattiya". The root of the word in Dravidian etymology may well be in the Sanskrit from of "Kotthaasha". Interestingly, the usage of the word சாட்டி cāṭṭi; in Tamil is more commonly for "Land lying fallow after a crop" (see Madras Tamil Lexicon, p 1356). The place name "Chaddi" in Urathota shore is mostly likely derived from වාඩිය, i.e., the location of a fishing encampment.</a></td><td width="20%">වාඩිය</td></tr>
<tr><td><a a="" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="THALAAVA">Chalai Challai (Mooladoova[Mullaitivu]<br />THALAAVA ⚓name, TALAWA<br />This is south of Punnainiravi and north of Chundikulum<br />Note that the tamil "thillai" is used for a type of mangrove, <i>Excoecaria agallocha </i>but we believe that this is not the basis of this toponomy. The word may also have come from the Sanskrit "Saila", i.e., stone, or from the sinhala "Daella", squid shells. But 'Thalaava' is toponymically our preferred choice for this location. [On the other hand, the place named 'Galle', the capital of the southern province may have arisen from 'Saila→Gala→Galla', ගාල්ල.] See </a><a href="http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/features/mapcenter/map.aspx?TextLatitude=9.45000&TextLongitude=80.55000&TextAltitude=8.00&MapSize=Small&searchTextMap=Punnainiravi%20chalai" target="-blank">map of Punnainiravi and Chalai</a></td><td width="20%">තලාව</td></tr>
<tr><td><a a="" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="GALMUNNA">Challi-munai (Gonakanna [Trincomalee])<br />Sailamunna, GALMUNNA ⚓name<br />'Challi' is from the Sanskrit 'Saila', sinhala 'silaa' for stone. The word 'Gal' may have also originated from 'Chall(i)→Gal', while a Sumerian source has also been proposed! The stones may be limestone, coral stone etc. Similarly, there is a Challik-kalappu or "Galkalapuva" (stoney lagoon) in the same area.</a></td><td>ගල්මුන්න</td></tr>
<tr><td>Challik-kalappu (Gonakanna [Trincomalee])<br />GALKALAPUVA</td><td>ගල්කලපුව</td></tr>
<tr><td>Challitivu (Madakalapuwa [Batticaloa])<br />GALDOOVA, Sailadoova<br />This was originally a small group of reefs and rocks, now damaged and also enlarged into an islet during the 2004 Tsunami. It represents a very fragile eco-system, and is located in the Madakalapuva lagoon. It should not be opened up for tourism.</td><td>ගල් දූව</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="chalampan"></a><a a="" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="SAALAPANA">Chalampan, Chaalampan (Mannaram[Mannar])<br />SAALAPANA ⚓name , SAALAVANA<br /><i>Disc. </i>The Sal tree, Bot.,<i> shorea robusta </i>is a timber tree with fragrant flowers<br />and 'canon-ball' like fruits. </a><a href="http://dh-web.org/place.names/bot2sinhala.html" target="_blank">Botany Page </a><br />Sal is either the "cannon ball tree", or the related north Indian <i>diperocarpaceae </i>referred to as 'Salva', 'sakhu', 'shal' and also 'kandar' Sanskrit and pali names are also Saala. The names 'saala', and also 'Sal' are used in Elu-Sinhala, modern Sinhala and in north Indian languages. In Tamil Nadu, 'chaalamban' is a soft-wood tree, '. The 'Sal' tree itself is called 'Kungkiliyam' (p 954 of the Madras Tamil lexicon). See also Kunturukkam, p996 of MTL. Thus the use of 'Chala' in the place name clearly supports the derivation of the Lankan-Tamil form 'chaala' from the sinhala 'saala'. The tree has a special place in Buddhist belief and lore, as Prince Siddhartha Gautama, the future Buddha, ia claimed to have been born in Lumbini park, (in modern Napal), under a Sal tree. Similarly, the Parinibbana (passing way) is said to have taken place in a grove of Sal trees in Kusinara (Kushinagar) of the Malla kingdom. The Sal tree when tapped, yields white opaline resin which is burnt as incense in Hindu/Buddhist religious ceremonies. It is also used for caulking boats. The seeds are used for oil extraction. The hardy wood does not take a polish and is used in heavy construction. An oil obtained from the sal fruit is used in lamps. The Sal tree is an object of worship among Buddhists and Hindus. The tree "Vateria indica", Skrt. 'Sarja', is known in Tamil as Kundirikam or 'kungilium', dhup-maram, and may be confused with the "sal' tree. <a href="http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/features/mapcenter/map.aspx?TextLatitude=8.95000&TextLongitude=80.03330&TextAltitude=1.00&MapSize=Small&searchTextMap=Chalampan" target="_blank">Map </a>සාලපන </td><td>සාලවන</td></tr>
<tr><td><a a="" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="SAALAVANA">Chalampan (Chinnach-), (Periya-) சாளம்பன் (Mooladoova[Mullaitivu])<br />SAALAVANA (kuda) (Maha)<br />SAALAVANA ⚓name for this entry<br />See Disc. under 'Chalampan' in Mannar.</a></td><td>සාලවනය (කුඩා-),<br />(මහ-)</td></tr>
<tr><td><a a="" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="SALGASVAEVA">Chalampaikkulam (Vannimava[Vavniya])<br />SALGASVAEVA ⚓name<br />See discussion under </a><a href="http://dh-web.org/place.names/#chalampan">Chalampan </a><br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" refms="http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/features/mapcenter/
map.aspx?TextLatitude=8.85000&TextLongitude=80.40000&TextAltitude=
71.00&MapSize=Small&searchTextMap=Chalampaikkulam" target="_blank">Map</a></td><td>සල්ගස්වැව</td></tr>
<tr><td><a a="" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="SAALAKAENNA">Chalampakerni, Chaalampaikkeani (Madakalapuva[Batticaloa])<br />SAALAKAENNA ⚓name<br />See discussion under </a><a href="http://dh-web.org/place.names/#chalampan">Chalampan </a><br />There is also a'Saalahena', i.e., 'Chalampaicheannai' in this area.<br />'SaalaKaenna' is a dug-out region, near a forest of Sal trees.<br />Sal is either the "cannon ball tree", or the related north Indian<br /><i>diperocarpaceae </i>referred to as 'Salva', 'sakhu', 'shal' and<br />also 'kandar'<br />'Kaenna' is from the sinhala 'kaeneema', to dig.<br /><a herf="http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/features/mapcenter/
map.aspx?TextLatitude=7.41670&TextLongitude=81.75000&TextAltitude=
12.00&MapSize=Small&searchTextMap=Chalampakeni" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" target="_blank">Map</a></td><td>සාලකැන්න</td></tr>
<tr><td><a a="" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="GAMMALE">Chammalai (Mooladoova [Mullaitivu])<br />GAMMALE ⚓name, Gammmalé<br />The word " malé " has been used since ancient times in Sinhala to indicate hilly or mountainous regions. Thus "Kothmalé" is referred to in the story of Prince Gamunu (later Dutugamunu), 2nd century CE. The word is derived from the Sanskrit use of <i>Mleccha</i>, and Pali <i>Milakkha </i>to mean barbarian or <i>hillman </i>, (e.g., p. 533 of the Pali Text society dictionary). See also Geiger, Pali Grammar p622, Milaaca [by-- form to milakkha, via <i>milaccha → milacca → milaaca"</i>.<br />The above usage in Pali and Sanskrit, for hill tribes ("non-Aryans=barbarians"), suggests that the word "malé", or " <i>malaya </i>" found in modern and old Sinhala for "hilly region" probably came from these source languages. The form "<i>malai</i>" found in Tamil dates to the Changam period, and may have also arisen from Sanskrit sources.<br />The contention by T. Burrow and M. B. Emeneau, (A Dravidian etymological dictionary, Oxford 1961, p. 314) that <i>malai </i>is an original Tamil word, because it occurs in Sangam poetry, is untenable as the Sanskrit sources are older. Karthigesu Indrapala's claim (p 375, The Evolution of an Ethnic Identity, Chennai 2006) that "some of the early geographic names in the Pali chronicles also seem to indicate the influence of Dravidian languages", is also based on the erroneous Burrow-Emmaneua etymology of "malaya", and possibly "pattana" (see entry under "Yapapatuna").<br />This village is part of the Weli-oya development area</a></td><td>ගම්මලේ</td></tr>
<tr><td><a a="" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="SAMANTHARA">Chammanthurai, Samanthurai, Sammanthurai சம்மாந்துறை (Ampara)<br />SAMANTHARA ⚓name<br />See discussion under: Samanthurai</a></td><td>සමන්තර</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="SOMAPURA"></a>Champoor, Sampur சம்பூர் (Gokanna [Trincomalee])<br />SOMAPURA ⚓name<br />See entry under Sampur</td><td>සෝ මපුර</td></tr>
<tr><td><a a="" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="JAMBUKOLA">Champuththurai, Camputurai (Yapanaya[Jaffna])<br />JAMBUKOLA ⚓name<br />This is on the mainland near the causeway to Karainagar.<br /><i>Disc.-</i>The name suggests that this may have been the<br />'Jambukola' of the Mahavamsa. Kankesanthurai is also a candidate<br />for the Mahavamsa port. See entry under </a><a href="http://dh-web.org/place.names/#kankesanthurai">Kankesanthurai</a></td><td>ජම්ඹුකෝල</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chamalankulam (Vannimava [Vavniya])<br />SAMALAN-VAEVA, Halmillavaeva</td><td>හල්මිල්ලවැව</td></tr>
<tr><td>Camulaiyativattai, ChamulaiyadiVaddai, சமுளையடி வட்டை (Madakalapuva[Batticaloa])<br />HALMILLAVATTA<br /><i>Disc.- </i>'Halmilla' is sinhala for 'Berrya cordifolia' and<br />is close to the Tamil name 'Chamandalai' for this valuable timber tree.</td><td>හල්මිල්ලවත්ත</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chandilipai(Yapanaya[Jaffna])<br />See Sandilipai</td><td>සන්දිලිපේ</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chandrapuram (Yapanaya [Jaffna])<br />CHANDRAPURA</td><td>චන්ද්ර පුර</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chankanai, Sankanai (Yapanaya [Jaffna])<br />CHANDANA<br />'Chandana' means Sandalwood in literary S., from Pali.<br />See Gomarankadawala regarding "Sandun Kumara" cult<br />See <a href="http://www.nationaalarchief.nl/AMH/detail.aspx?page=dcompgeb&id=7&lang=en#tab2" target="_blankpage">Old Dutch map, <i>Changana</i></a><br />Base Hospital<br /><a href="http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/features/mapcenter/map.aspx?TextLatitude=9.75000&TextLongitude=79.96670&TextAltitude=9.00&MapSize=Small&searchTextMap=Chankanai%20CHANDANA" target="_blankpage">map</a></td><td>චන්දන</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chankattarvayval(Yapanaya[Jaffna])<br />SANGATARAVYA<br /><i>Disc. -</i>'cankattaar' in Tamil refers to 'Buddhist and Jian fraternity<br />of monks, c.f., Madras tamil Lexicon, p1222<br />'Sangataravaya' would be the side, or promenade allocated to the monks.<br />Compare also with the name "Hanguranketha ← Sanga-sathu-ketha"<br />See <a href="http://dh-web.org/place.names/#jaffna1-map">Jaffna area Map.</a></td><td>සංගතරවය</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chankaththanai, Chankattanai (Yapanaya[Jaffna])<br />SANGASTHAANA<br />This is close to Chankattarvayval and was probably a<br />part of a larger Buddhist complex. See entry under 'Pachchilaippalli'<br />(Paththirapahala) which is nearby.<br />'Thaenna' is a common sinhala ending for 'place', location<br />In pure tamil the usage is '(s)thaanam', and the form 'thanai'<br />found only in Sri Lanka is probably a sign of adaptation from Sinhala.</td><td>සංගස්තානය</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chavakachcheri, Chaavakachcheari சாவகச்சேரி (Yapanaya [Jaffna])<br />JAAVAKACHERAYA, Chavakachcheriya, Javakachcheri<br /><i>Sinhala Meaning. </i>Area where Javanese people lived, "Java town"<br />According to the Mahavamsa, Chandrabhanu, a Javanese ruler from<br />Tambralinga invaded SL in the 13th Century CE. His armies landed in<br />Gokanna(Trinco), and used blow pipes and poisoned arrows, and ruled Jaffna<br />for three decades. Tambralinga is in the south isthmus of Thailand,<br />close to Malaysia. Jaffna or Japané was a main Javanese settlement left behind by Charndrabhanu. The largest Buddhist shrine to God Natha was in Chavakakachcheri (Javakachcheri). It was destroyed by the Portuguese. <i>Natha</i>, or "Naaka" was the God of the Naga people who lived in Nagadeepa, the ancient name of the Jaffna peninsula as found in the Pali chronicles.<br />See entry under Jaffna.<br />See <a href="http://www.nationaalarchief.nl/AMH/detail.aspx?page=dcompgeb&id=7&lang=en#tab2" target="_blankpage">Dutch Map</a>, <i>Chiavagacherij, Chavakgatzeri, Chawagacheri</i><br />see <a href="http://dh-web.org/place.names/#jaffna1-map">Jaffna map1</a><br /><i>Politics.</i>There was a noteworthy Muslim presence in Chavakachcheri. Some 500 Muslims were expelled on 25th October 1990 with just two hours notice by the LTTE. They were a part of the<br />85,000 muslims expelled from the North. By the year 2000 most of the city had been destroyed by the war.<br />See <a href="http://www.uthayam.net/articles/oct30_2005html_2.htm" target="_blankpage">muslim expulsion</a><br /><a href="http://himalmag.com/component/content/article/5002-the-quest-and-the-redemption.html">S. Kadirgamar on the "Final Report of the Citizens’ Commission on the Expulsion of Muslims from the Northern Province by the LTTE in 1990</a><br />This is the birth village of Thamilselvan, spokesperson of the LTTE since<br />the demise of Anton Balasingham. Tamilselvan was kill in Nov 2007<br />V. Kumaraswamy was the first MP of this seat in the first general election, 1947.</td><td>ජාවකච්චේරිය</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chavatkaddu, Chaavatkaddu, Cavarkattu" சாவற்கட்டு (Yapanaya[Jaffna])<br />JAAVAKADUVA<br /><i>Disc.- </i>This was another area in the peninsula where<br />the Javanese people inhabited, and developed a tradition of boat building.<br />Boat building has existed here even in recent times.<br />See also entry under place name 'Chavalkaddu'</td><td>ජාවකඩුව</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chavangkoddai (Yapanaya[Jaffna])<br />JAAVANG-KOTTE, Ja-kotte<br />This is a fortification associated with the Javanese. Charndrabhanu II used this fortification to fight the Magha.<br />Seee entry under Chavakachcheri</td><td>ජාවකෝට්ටෙ</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chavalkaddu (Mannaram[Mannar])<br />HABALKADUVA<br />This is a ferry point, and 'habal' in Sinhala is "Oar'<br />In tamil 'cavalakkaarar' is a ferryman.<br />Caaval is a male cock and 'caavar-kattu' is a cockfight ( see p1339,<br />Madras T. lexicon), but there is no tradition of cock-fighting here.<br />See under Chavalakkadai for other details of the word "chaval" and Saevul. </td><td>හබල්කඩුව</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="SAEVULKADE"></a>Chavalakkadai, Chaavalkkadai(Madakalpuva[Batticaloa])<br />KUKULKADE, SAEVULKADE (anchor name)<br />'Chaaval' or Chaval is a rooster in Malayalam and Tamil, 'Kukula' in Sinhala (kukkuta in <i>Pali</i>). The Malayalam word has been admitted to sinhala in the form "saevul", as in the "Saevul sandesha" of Alagiyavanna Mukaveti (Alagiawanna Mohottala, 17th century). The earliest literary use of the word "saevul" in sinhala is probably found in Thotagamuwe Sri Rahula's 15th century work, composed during the time of Parakramabahu VI, named "The Nightingale's Message (or Epistle-Poem)" <i>Salalihini Sandeshaya</i>; verse 25 line 2, "rane- yataga savulindu dada ga_lapa-ya". <a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2004/07/21/artscop02.html">Sri Rahula and others </a><br />See also entry under 'Chavalkaddu'<br /><a href="http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/features/mapcenter/map.aspx?TextLatitude=7.41670&TextLongitude=81.78330&TextAltitude=3.00&MapSize=Small&searchTextMap=Chavalakadai" target="_blank">Map</a></td><td>කුකුල්කඩේ<br />සැවුල් කඩේ</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="vanni110"></a><br />Cheddikulam, Chettikulam, Vettikulam (Vavnimava [Vavniya])<br />HETTIAEVA, GEDIWEWA<br />Labeled #110 in <a href="http://dh-web.org/place.names/#vanni1budu-map">Vanni Buddhist sites map</a><br />For label no: <a href="http://dh-web.org/place.names/#vanni111">111 click here</a><br />For label nos: <a href="http://dh-web.org/place.names/#vanni112">112, 113 click here</a><br />For label nos: <a href="http://dh-web.org/place.names/#vanni114">114,115,116 click here</a><br />Ancient Buddhist ruins, Listed in 1982 by Archaeo. Dept. Somasiri<br />Galara (Kalaru) stream and several private lands are included in this<br />list. Some 500 acres used for tobacco farming contain ancient ruins,<br />remnants of a large stupa, old bricks, stone pillars etc.<br /><i>Meaning </i>Tamil, 'cheddi'=community<br />'Hetti' or 'Chetti' was a merchant community cited even in the Pali texts<br /><a href="http://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/research/publications/index_e.htm?docid=242&cid=0&sec=CH05" target="_blankpage">Type of report filed with Canadian Govt reg. army checkpoint</a></td><td>හෙට්ටිවැව</td></tr>
<tr><td>Cheddipalayam, Chettipalayam (Madakalapuwa [Batticaloa])<br />KADAPEELIYA, KADAPALA<br /><i>Meaning </i>S. 'town area' ; T. could mean'community place'<br /><a href="http://www2.reliefweb.int/rw/RWB.NSF/db900SID/RMOI-6GX458?OpenDocument" target="_blankpage">Tsunami</a></td><td>කඩපල</td></tr>
<tr><td>Cheddiyakurichchi, Chettiyakurichchi (Giranikke, [killinochchi])<br />HETTIYAKULISSA<br /><i>Meaning: </i>Kuliya, Kulissa or 'pattuwa' in S., and 'Kudiyiruppu' T. are<br />words which may mean 'quarters', or 'ethnic area'<br /><br />The word `Kuli' was used in old sinhala for hamlet or village. 288 the verse (9th century), Sigiri Mirror-wall – "I am Gunakara (of) Ambagam-kuli (of the) Northern Province<br /><a href="http://reliefweb.int/rw/fullMaps_Sa.nsf/luFullMap/DF2248983BE8B129852571ED006A8EA0/$File/hic-sl_REF_lka260806.pdf?OpenElement" target="_blankpage">Clear map of area near Yapana lagoon</a></td><td>හෙට්ටිකුලිස්ස</td></tr>
<tr><td>Cheddukulam, Chettukulam (Mannarama)<br />KEHETUVAEVA<br /><a href="http://dh-web.org/place.names/maps/mannarSLF.jpg" target="_blank">See military Action-2008 map near Mannar</a></td><td>කෙහෙටුවැව</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="vanni31"></a><br />Chelleivillu (mooladoova[Mulaitivu])<br />SAALIYAVILA<br />Labeled #31 in <a href="http://dh-web.org/place.names/#vanni1budu-map">Vanni Buddhist sites map</a><br />Ancient Buddhist ruins, Listed in 1982 by Archaeo. Dep. Somasiri</td><td>සාලියවිල</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chempankundu(yapanaya[jaffna])<br />KUMBURUKANNIYA<br />Now included in the Killinochchi administrative region. This is located between Punranna(Poorneryn) and Palaava(Palavi)<br /><i>Disc.- </i>'Kanniya' is a small tract of land.<br />'Kundu' in T. could mean the same thing, but 'chempan'<br />cannot be ascribed a meaning. Perhaps 'Kumburu'→chumpuru' etc ?<br />see <a href="http://dh-web.org/place.names/#jaffna1-map">Jaffna area map </a> <a href="http://dh-web.org/place.names/maps/Admin_Kilinochchi.pdf" target="_blank">Regional map</a></td><td>කුඹුරුකන්නිය</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chempian aru, Chempiyan pattu (Yapanaya [Jaffna])<br />SEMBIAN-oya, SEMBIANPATTUWA, Choranaaga oya, choranaga pattuva<br /><i>Meaning </i>The Cembians are a caste associated with the Vanniyars (Vanna-kula) of Chennai. The forms 'Chempian, chempiyan', may also be a name of a queen, 'Sembian Devi', wife of Gandaraditya Chola (10th Cen.)<br />However, Tambra in Tambraparni is (according to Rasanayagam) equivalent to "Chembu" in tamil, "Chempian pattu is `Tambarapattu'. Furthermore, the Chola King Karikala is said to have been named `Chembiyan' after his uinvasion of `Tambraparni'.<br />This name would have been instated in the 15th century or afterward.<br />The ancient name is believed to be 'choranaga oya'. </td><td>සෙම්බියන්ඔය, -පත්තුව</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chenaikudiyiruppu (Ampare)<br />SENAAKUTIYA<br /><i>Meaning: </i>In Tamil, it could mean army quarters,<br />agreeing with the Sinhala 'Senaakutiya'</td><td>සේනාකුලිස්ස</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="Sencholai"></a>Chencholai, Sencholai, Naddalamottankulam (Mooladuva [Mullaitivu])<br />HENDOLA, Hengolla<br />See also entry under Vallipunam, the location of the Tiger torture prison and Victor-I base.<br />This area (in the aluth-kulissa or puthukudiruppe district) is also called <i>Naddalamottankulam (Naaatu-maetta-vaeva)</i> "Hena" is "chena", i.e., slash and burn cultivation area. This location came into the news after air strikes (August 2006) on an LTTE facility, claimed by the LTTE and certain international observers to be an orphanage, while the Govt. claimed it to be a black-tiger training facility. It has clearly been both, i.e., an orphanage where the orphans get trained for war. The songs of the orphanage, "<i>Sencholai Padalkal</i>" reveal much more:<br /><br /><i>The tomb shall wait for me<br />Flowers as offerings shall there blossom<br />A memorial for me who turn into a myriad atoms<br />The burning embers shall watch over me. </i>The poet then describes a variety of possible deaths awaiting her -such as shells and bullets. It then runs:<br /><i>The poison (cyanide) I bore since I became a Tigress Shall also await me.<br />The hawk and the hound to taste my flesh Shall stalk the field where I do battle.<br />...All these will I endure for my land<br />To me a grateful nation shall arise./i<br />(name of poet) Uthayaletchumi. See section 6.5 of the UTHR(J) report no: 13, <a href="http://www.uthr.org/Reports/Report13/chapter6.htm#_Toc516077420" target="_blank">UTHR-#13 </a><br />See also 'Choncholai'<br /><a href="http://www.mg.co.za/articlepage.aspx?area=/breaking_news/breaking_news__international_news/&articleid=280855" taarget="blank page">Unicef: Bombed orphans were not Tamil Tigers ?</a></i></td><td>හේන්දොල<br />හේන්ගොල්ල</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chengalniravi (Sri Gonakanda [Trincomalee])<br />HEN-GAL-NIYARA<br /><i>Disc.- </i>'Hen', or 'chena' is where 'e' is as in 'Pain'<br />Ancient Buddhist site; in the list by Archaeo. Dept.(Somasiri), 1982 </td><td>හේන්ගල්නියර</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chenkaladi Chenkalady(Madakalapuwa [Batticaloa])<br />SINHALAVAADIYA<br /><i>Meaning </i>Sinhala meaning is evident; in Tamil it could mean<br />'red foot print'<br /><a href="http://www.army.lk/fulsit.php?idx=336" target="_blankform">Army camp</a><br />Note that there is another place known as 'Sinhalavadi' about 15 km<br />south of Chenkalady<br /><a href="http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/features/mapcenter/map.aspx?TextLatitude=7.78330&TextLongitude=81.60000&TextAltitude=12.00&MapSize=Small&searchTextMap=Chenkalady%20SINHALAWADIYA" target="_blankpage">Map of Chenkalai=sinhalawadiya </a><br /><a href="http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/features/mapcenter/map.aspx?TextLatitude=7.71670&TextLongitude=81.68330&TextAltitude=2.00&MapSize=Small&searchTextMap=Sinhalavadi" target="_blank">Map of Sinhalavadi</a></td><td>සිංහලවාඩිය</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chenmalai(Mooladuva[Mullaitive])<br />HENKANDA<br />'Chena' or 'Hena" is a burn and slash cultivation.<br />Today it is a sea-tiger LTTE base.</td><td>හේන්කන්ද</td></tr>
<tr><td>Cherukkandal(Mannarama[Mannar])<br />SERUGANDARA, SERUKADOLA<br />This name may probably be attributed to a type of<br />mangrove, botanical name <i>Kandelia rheedii.</i><br />or Rhizophora mucronata and Rhizophora candel.<br />The word 'kandal' may also be a tamilization of 'gandara',<br />that is, the watery edge or swamp, where gan(ga) =river and 'dara' is<br />related to 'addara', i.e., neighborhood.</td><td>සේරුකන්දල<br />සේරුකඩොල</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chilarattai(Mooladoova[Mullaitivu]),br> THALAARADDA<br /><i>Disc.- </i>See also, Chilavathurai, Chilaw etc<br />The name may have come from 'Thalarattha', a red-coloured flat stoney<br />region or field.</td><td>තලාරද්ද</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chilavathurai, Silavaturai (Mannarama [Mannar])<br />SALAATHARA, HALAAWATHARA, THALAWATHOTA<br /><i>Meaning: </i>'Halaawa' or 'thalaawa' may mean flat region; See Chilaw.<br />'Halawathara' or 'Talaawathora' (c.f, palaathota) is a flat region with<br />access to the sea or a lagoon or river.<br />In Tamil, 'Chilaw' may mean 'district.<br />According to historical recodes, Cholas landed in 'Salawattota' in 1190 A.D.<br />It may also refer to a grove of Saala trees.<br /><a href="http://www.lankalibrary.com/phpBB/viewtopic.php?p=3892&sid=6c81a9112915738e168d1db00f10e119" target="_blankform">Historical Notes</a></td><td>කිරවතර, සලාවතර</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="Halawatha">Chilaw</a>, Chilapam (Puttalam)<br />HALAWATHA, SALAVATHA<br /><i>English. </i>Chilaw ↔ Halawatha, probably from Halawthara or 'Salawthota'<br />According to historical recodes, Cholas landed in 'Salawattota' in 1190 A.D.<br />Thus the basic name existed in ancient times as well.<br />'Sala' may refer to "sal trees", or "jaala" Sanskrit, water.<br />The historic Munneswaram Temple is near <i>Mee Oya</i> (Mayavan aru)<br />Animal sacrifices are carried out in Hindu Bhadrakali festivals here. The sacrifices of some 400 goats and other animals in August 2010 led to near-universal condemnation, even by some Hindus.<br /><br />The name "Munneswaram Sivan Kovil" reflects the name of the local deity <i>Muniandi</i>, which may be a corruption of "Mul-Kgnaathi", (මුල් ඤාති). This is also found in the Tamil as முன்னடியான் (munnatiyan) i.e., <i>ancestors</i>. Indeed, ancestor-worship is a standard part of cults of primitive societies in all cultures, and it has been assimilated to the <i>Bhardakali</i> and <i>Saiva</i> traditions which arrived later. A Buddhist temple, a Bo tree, as well as Buddhist practices also existed in the precincts. The <i>Kokila sandesha</i>, written during the time of King Parakrama Bahu VI of Kotte (1412-1467), mentions the temple. The temple was razed to the ground by the Portuguese in 1587 and was rebuilt in the eighteenth century by Kirthi-sri Rajasinghe. The Sinhala-Buddhist-Pattini rituals (e.g., shooting the mango or "Amba-videema") probably going back to the time of Gajaba, and other festivals which lasted well into the 19th century were increasingly replaced by Saivite Hindu festivals with the rise of Saivism (c.f., Arumugam Navalaar movement) in Tamil society. Unlike at Katharagama, this temple is controlled by Tamil kururals. Buddhist temple style <i>Hevisi</i> drums were also phased out and processions of 63 Saive <i>Munis</i> and <i>Natesar</i> were added only in 1947. See <a href="http://kataragama.org/sacred/veluppillai.htm" target="_blank">Munneswaram Kovil </a><br />and the Book by Rohan Bastin,<i>The domain of constant excess: plural worship at the Munnesvaram temples </i>(2002).<br />Recent Eelam-nationalist writers have claimed that "<i>Munnai</i> in Tamil means 'ancient' and <i>Easwaram</i> or <i>Eachchram</i> the Temple of Siva. It is claimed that is is one of the five ancient (pre-christian) Hindu temples. However, as far as we know, there is no archaeological, inscriptional or historical evidence supporting that claim. In fact. there is reason to believe that a Kaii-Pattni temple came into being here mainly to support the visiting sea-faring fishermen of various ethnicities. The arrival of the Cholas in the 12th century marks the true beginnings of the Hindu (Saiva) temple here. <a href="http://wikimapia.org/1208272/Munneswaram-Sivan-Kovil">Wikimapia</a></td><td>හලාවත</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chinabay, China Bay (Madakalapuwa [Batticaloa])<br />CHEENABOKKA<br /><a href="http://airforce.lk/est/cby/cby.htm" target="_blankform">Largest Air Force base, EP</a></td><td>චීනෙබාක්ක</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="vann74"></a><br />Chinapuvarasankulam, Chinnapoovarasankulam (Mooladoova[Mullaitivu])<br />PODI-SOORIYAVAEVA<br />Ancient Buddhist ruins, Listed in 1982 by Archaeo. Dep. Somasiri<br />Labeled #74 in <a href="http://dh-web.org/place.names/#vanni1budu-map">Vanni Buddhist sites map</a></td><td>පොඩිසූරියවැව</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chippittidal(Sri Gonakanda[Trincomalee])<br />SIPPITHUDUVA<br />'Sippi' are a type of clams 'Anandara Granosca'. However, the word<br />'sippi' is used in Sinhala, and 'Chippi' in Tamil, rather indiscriminately<br />to indicate the shells found on the sea shore or lagoon banks.<br /><a href="http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/features/mapcenter/map.aspx?TextLatitude=8.48830&TextLongitude=81.11640&TextAltitude=0&MapSize=Small&searchTextMap=Chippittidal" target="_blank">Map</a></td><td>සිප්පිතුඩුව</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chiraddikulam Chiraddikkulam (Mooladoova [Mullaitivu])<br />HEERATI VAEVA<br />Heerati Oya/vaeva are mentioned in connection with King Mahasena (275-301 CE). Heerati Oya, Ambanganga and Kalundewa Oya are parts of the Mahaveli (C system) project. "Heeratiya" is also a known place name. Chiraddikulam (Heerativaeva) is in the Maanthé (Manthai) East GS division and closer to Mannarama than to Mooladoova. This area is a part of the ebb and flow of the civil war.<a href="http://www.southasianmedia.net/index_story.cfm?id=511676&category=Frontend&Country=sri%20lanka&pro=0" target="_blank">Capture of Strategic Base </a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null"> </a><a href="http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/features/mapcenter/map.aspx?TextLatitude=7.82991238970371&TextLongitude=80.8559390049949&TextAltitude=6&TextSelectedEntity=42&MapStyle=Comprehensive&MapSize=Large&MapStyleSelectedIndex=0&searchTextMap=Chiradikulam&MapStylesList=Comprehensive&ZoomOnMapClickCheck=on" target="_blank">Map, please enlarge as needed by clicking.</a></td><td>හීරටිවැව</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chirutivu, Sirutivu (Japanaya [Jaffna])<br />'HIRIDOOVA'<br />Small island between Mandadoova (Mandaitivu) and Jaffna peninsula.</td><td>හිරි දූව</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chiviyateru(Yapanaya[Jaffna])<br />SEVYACHERIYA, CIVIYACHERIYA<br /><i>Dis.- </i>A settlement for the caste of servants('sevya', Skrt.) or Palanquin<br />carriers. However, Tamil lexicons (MTLp1449) identify 'civiyaar' as a fisher caste;<br />but this is probably not known in the Jaffna peninsula.<br />see <a href="http://dh-web.org/place.names/#jaffna1-map">Jaffna map1</a></td><td>සේව්යචේරිය</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chulipuram (Yapanaya [Jaffna])<br />CHULAPURA<br />Ancient Buddhist site.<br /><i>Meaning </i>Sinhala, 'chula' means small; Tamil 'chuli' may<br />mean 'to mark with a circle'<br /><i>Mili. </i>SL Naval base</td><td>චූලපුර</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chundikuli, Chundikkuli, Chundiguli, சுண்டிக்குழி (Yapanaya [Jaffna])<br />KUMBAKULIYA, කුම්බකුලිය<br />sundakuliya<br /><i>Meaning: </i>'Kuli' in T. and Kuliya (e.g., in Kuliyapitiya) in S. refer to a<br />dip, i.e., a place of lower elevation. It could mean a set of dwellings (kuti).<br />The word `Kuli' was used in old sinhala for hamlet or village. 288 the verse (9th century), Sigiri Mirror-wall – "I am Gunakara (of) Ambagam-kuli (of the) Northern Province<br /><br />"Chundu" சுண்டு in Tamil means "flick" jerk; 'chundi' itself has no meaning<br />in a toponymic context. The Sinhala "kumba", from "jalakumba", a plant<br />similar to "nidi-kumba", L <i>Mimosa pudica</i> but grows in marshes, in<br />aquatic environments. It is in Tamil: kotinetti , or 'Kunti', சுண்டி,<br />Latin.,<i>Neptunia Oleracea </i>has other names. If the original name was in<br />Tamil, the form 'Kuntikkuli' would have probably remained without distortion.<br />However, the Sinhala name "Kumbakuliya" was susceptible to easy change<br />to the form "Chundikuli" without change of the meaning.<br />A local variant in the pronunciation of the name "Sundekuli" may point<br />to a Kannada influence, as <i>Neptunia Oleracea </i>is "sunde" ಸು ನ್ ೆದ in K.<br />See <a href="http://www.nationaalarchief.nl/AMH/detail.aspx?page=dcompgeb&id=7&lang=en#tab2" target="_blankpage">Dutch Map, <i>Sundecouli</i></a><br /><i>hist., dutch</i> Choendikoelle, Walligammo palatha.<br /><a href="http://www.c-r.org/our-work/accord/sri-lanka/trying-times.php" target="_blankform">Chundikuli Talks, 13th Const. Amendment</a><br /><i>n.b. </i>There is also a Chundikkulam, NE of Talawa(Chalai)<br /><a href="http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/features/mapcenter/map.aspx?TextLatitude=8.81670&TextLongitude=80.05000&TextAltitude=13.00&MapSize=Small&searchTextMap=Chundikkuli" target="_blank">Map</a></td><td>කුම්බකුලිය</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chundikkulam, Chundikulam(Mooladuva[Mullaitivu])<br />KUMBAVA`VA<br />This is just noth east of Talawa(Chalai)<br /><i>See disc. under Chundikuli</i></td><td>කුම්බවැව</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chungkankeani, Chunkankenni, சுங்கன்கேணி (Madakalapuva [Batticaloa])<br />HUNGAKAENNA<br /><i>Disc.- </i>'Hunga' in sinhala is a type of catfish, (Silurus fossilis)<br />known for its sting. Chunkan ← Hunga, and 'Kaenna' is from the<br />Sinhala 'kaneema' to dig, and means a 'pond' or a dug-out quarry.</td><td>හුන්ගන්කැන්න</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="vanni63"></a><br />Chulanaga Lena, Culanaga Lena(Mooladoova[Mullaitivu])<br />CHULANAAGALENA<br /><i>NO</i> tamil form known. It is an ancient Buddhist site<br />Labeled #63 in <a href="http://dh-web.org/place.names/#vanni1budu-map">Vanni Buddhist sites map</a></td><td>චූලනාග ලෙන</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chunnakam (Yapanaya [Jaffna])<br />HUNUGAMA, HUNNAGAMA<br /><i>Meaning: </i>The ending "kam" is a typical sinhala to Tamil toponym. See the article by <a href="http://dh-web.org/place.names/#thambimuttu">Tambimuttu </a>regarding etymology.<br /><i>Hist: </i>Buddhist ruins, Nampotha, Portuguese and Dutch references.<br /><a href="http://www.fallingrain.com/world/CE/31/Chunnakam.html" target="_blankform">map</a></td><td>හුනුගම</td></tr>
<tr><td>Chunnavil (Mannarama )<br />HUNUVILA<br />This is located on the Mannarama-Punranna (Poonaryn) road. See the article by <a href="http://dh-web.org/place.names/#thambimuttu">Tambimuttu </a>regarding etymology. <a href="http://dh-web.org/place.names/maps/Admin_Kilinochchi.pdf" target="_blank">Regional map</a></td><td>හුනුවිල</td></tr>
<tr><td>Colombuthurai(Yapanaya[Jaffna])<br />COLOM(B)THARA<br />see <a href="http://dh-web.org/place.names/#jaffna1-map">Jaffna map1</a><br />Boats going to Colombo (Kolomba, port of the Kelani which was another Naga capital of ancient Lanka), from the Nagpur, modern Nallur (ancient Naga capital of Nothern Lanka) probably took off from this location. According to the the 13th century <i>Sidath sangarava</i>, the name of the capital, `Kolomba' is itself said to mean `ford' or `harbour' while also claiming that the etymological origin (<i>nishpanna</i>) is not clear. However we believe that the name `Kolomba' arose from `Kelanithota → Kolon-the' → Kolomba'. i.e., `Kelani-thota' simply means the `exit-port' or `door of the river Kelani'. With time, the river-mouth silted and has moved somewhat further North, leaving `Colombo' behind. `Kelani' was an ancient Naga capital, prior to the alleged invasion of the Sinhlala clan of Vijaya.</td><td>කොලොන්තර</td></tr>
<tr><td>Cotiaar, Koddiar, Koddiar bay(Gonakanna [Trincomalee])<br />Koti-aara<br /><i>Koti</i> may refer to "tigers", or to <i>Aponogeton natans</i>, a type of aquatic plant <a href="http://dh-web.org/place.names/bot.2sinhala.html#Kekatiya"">Kekatiya</a><br />Koddiyar Bay (Koti-are bokka) is around 12 km south of Trincomalee town. The Mahaveli, which is the longest river in Sri Lanka, flows out into the Indian Ocean at Koddiyar bay, at 5 or 6 different points. The only bridge in the area (2010) is the Kinniya Bridge. Ferries have to be used to cross at other points. <a href="http://devwijewardane.blogspot.com/2010/03/koddiyar-bay-sri-lanka.html">Link to Dev Wijewardane's take on Koddiyar Bay</a></td><td>කොටිආර<br />කොටි-ආරෙ බොක්ක</td></tr>
<tr><td></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-40618615617685735742015-06-05T22:47:00.000+05:302015-06-05T22:47:33.799+05:30සිංහල වීම නිසා නන්නත්තාරවූ යාපනයේ සරණාගතයෝ<span style="background-color: white; color: #336600; font-size: large; widows: auto;">සිංහල වීම නිසා නන්නත්තාරවූ<br />යාපනයේ සරණාගතයෝ</span><span style="background-color: white; font-size: medium; widows: auto;"><br /><br /><img align="left" border="0" height="280" hspace="5" src="http://www.divaina.com/2014/09/28/f9-1.jpg" width="332" />යාපනය යන නම ඇසූ පමණින් එම දිස්ත්රික්කයේ සිංහලයෙකු ලබා සිංහල නමක් හෝ ඇසෙනු යෑයිට අපට සිතෙන්නේ නැත. ජාතිවාදී වූත් ගෝත්රික වූත් උතුරේ දෙමළ දේශපාලනය ලෝකයට එහෙම සිතන්නට පවා ඉඩ තබා නැත. නමුත් සැබෑව එය නොවේ. මේ ගෝත්රික දේශපාලකයන් කතා කරන්නේ කොලේ වසාය. අතීතයේ යාපනය අදට වඩා බෙහෙවින් වෙනස් වූ යාපනයක් විය. වසර 30ට එපිට එදා යාපනයේ ජීවත්වූ සිංහල මිනිසුන්ගෙන් කීප දෙනකුද අද වන විට යුද්ධය නිම වීම හේතුවෙන් යාපනයේ සිය උරුමය සොයා යාපනයට ගොස් තිබේ. මේ මිනිස්සු අද වන විට යාපනය නාවක්කුලි ගම්මානයේ පදිංචිව සිටිති.<br /><br />අතීතයේ තමන් ජීවත්වූ යාපනයේ ස්වභාවය පිළිබ`දව ඔවුහු ආදරයෙන් කතා කරති. ඒ සො`දුරු අතීත ස්මරණයන් තෘප්තියෙන් සිහි කරති. එදා තරුණයන්ව සිටි ඔවුහු අද ජීවිතයේ සැඳෑ සමය ගත කරමින් සිටින්නෝය. තමන්ට හුරු පුරුදු වාස භූමියට ජීවිතයේ අවසන් සමයේ හෝ එන්න ලැබීම පිළිබ`ද ඔවුහු සතුටින් පිනා ගොස් සිටිති. සිය අතීතය ආවර්ජනය කිරීම ස`දහා මුලින්ම අප හා එක්වූයේ හේවාකෙටෙබගේ සිරිසේනය. ඔහු දැන් හැත්තෑ හය වන වියේ පසුවන්නේය. ඔහු සිය අතීත කතාව මෙසේ දිග හරින්නට වූයේය.<br /><br />"මා ඉස්සරවෙලාම යාපනේට අවේ 1949 අවුරුද්දේ. මම මෙහේ එනකොට පොඩි කොල්ලෙක්. එතකොට මගේ වයස අවුරුදු 10 ක් විතර ඇති. මගෙ මාමල කාලයක් තිස්සේ පදිංචිව උන්නේ යාපනේ. මං ආවේ මෙහේ හිටපු අපේ මාමලාගෙ ගෙදර. එයාලා මෙහේ ලොකු බේකරියක් කළා. ඒකේ නම චන්ද්රd බේකරිය. මාමලා යාපනේ පදිංචියට ඇවිල්ලා තියෙන්නේ 1920 විතර. මම එන දවස් වල සිංහල අය තමයි මෙහේ බේකරි සම්පූර්ණයෙන්ම වාගේ කළේ."<br /><br />"මම ඉතින් මෙහේ එනකොට පොඩි කොල්ලනේ. මමත් බේකරියේ වැඩට උදව් කරගෙන හිටියා. ඒ දවස් වල ඉතින් සිංහල දෙමළ කියලා බේදයක් තිබුනේ නෑ. සිංහල අය තමයි යාපනේ බේකරි, තේ කඩ, රත්තරන් බඩු කඩ, වඩු මඩු කරගෙන උන්නේ. ඒ දවස් නම් හරිම ලස්සනයි."<br /><br />"ඔහොම ටික කාලයක් යනකොට, මගෙ මතකේ හැටියට 1958 විතර, ශ්රී කොලොප්පම ඇති වුණා. ඒ කියන්නේ ශ්රී අකුරට විරුද්ධව දෙමළ මිනිස්සු වැඩ කරන්න පටන් ගත්තා. ඒ දවස් වල අපි ඒ තරම් හිතුවෙ නෑ මෙච්චර ලොකු කලබලයක් වෙයි කියලා."<br /><br /><img align="left" border="0" height="179" hspace="5" src="http://www.divaina.com/2014/09/28/f9.jpg" width="278" />"මම ඒ වෙනකොට නුවරින් බැ`දලා නෝනවත් අරගෙන යාපනේ ඇවිල්ලයි හිටියේ. අපි ශ්රී කොලොප්පම වුණාට පස්aසෙත් යාපනේ හිටියා. ඊට පස්සේ අපිට 1977 කලබල නිසා යාපනෙන් යන්න වුණා. අපි අනුරාධපුරේ ගිහින් හිටියේ. අපි ඊට පස්සේ ආයෙත් යාපනේට ආවා. 1983 අවුරුද්දෙදි ඉන්නම බැරි තත්ත්වයක් අපිට උදා වුණා. 83 දවසක් අපිට එක පාරටම හමුදාවෙන් කිව්වා නාග විහාරේට එන්න කියලා. අපි ඇ`දන් උන්නු ඇඳුම් පිටින් පන්සලට ගියා. පස්සේ හමුදාව කිව්ව දේ අදහා ගන්න බැරි වුණා. අපිට කිව්වා බස් වල නැගලා පුළුවන් තරම් ඉක්මනින් අනුරාධපුරෙන් එහාට යන්න කියලා."<br /><br />"මහත්තයෝ... එදා දැනුන හැ`ගීම කියන්න බෑ. අපි හරි හම්බ කරපු සේසතම දාලා ඇ`දිවත පිටින් අපිට යන්න වුණා. මගේ ජීවිතේ අමතක නොවෙනම දවස එදා. අපි අපේ තරුණ කාලේ ගෙව්වේ යාපනේ. ඒ දවස් වල යාපනේ සිංහල මිනිස්සු 15,000 ට එහා හිටියා. මම දැනුවත්ව බේකරි හාරසිය අසූ ගාණක් තිබුණා. සිංහල මහා විද්යාලයේ තමයි යාපනේ තිබුණ ලොකුම විද්යාගාරය තිබුනේ. 1983 අවුරුද්දෙ ඉස්සරවෙලාම දෙමළ මිනිස්සු පන්සල් වලට ගැහුවා. හැබැයි හැමෝම නෙමෙයි. අපි අනාථ වෙලා. අපිව ඉස්සරලම අනුරාධපුර රත්නමාලී එකට අරන් ගියා. ඊට පස්සේ වවුනියාව මාමඩුව ප්රදේශයේ පදිංචි කළා. එහෙත් ඉන්න බැරිවුණා. පස්සේ ආයේ මිහින්තලේ හිටියා. පස්සෙ තමයි යුද්දේ ඉවර වුණාම යාපනේට ආවේ." 83 ජූලියේ දී යාපනයේ ඇවිලුණු මේ දෙමළ ජාතිවාදී ගින්න ගැන කවුරුත් කතා කරන්නේ නැත. එය මුළුමනින්ම සිංහල ජාතිවාදීන් දකුණේ ඉපිදවූ කළු ජුලියේ දුමෙන් වැසී ගොස්ය.<br /><br />යුද සමයේ පවා යාපනයේ සිංහල මිනිස්සු ජීවත් වූහ. ඔවුන් තම අඳුරු අතීතය මතක් කර සිටියේ හැ`ඩූ කඳුළිනි. යාපනය නාවක්කුලි ගම්මානයෙන් අපට හමු වන ඒ රූපවතීගේ කතාව හැ`ගීම් බරය. ඇය ඇගේ කතාව අප හමුවේ මුදා හරින්නේ මෙසේය.<br /><br /><img align="left" border="0" height="227" hspace="5" src="http://www.divaina.com/2014/09/28/f9-2.jpg" width="277" />"මගේ උපන් ගම යාපනේ. අපේ අම්මගේ සහෝදරයෝ ඔක්කොම මෙහේ රත්තරන් බඩු කඩ කරගෙන හිටියේ. අපි යාපනේ හිටියේ ගොඩක් සතුටින්. ඒත් කළබල ඇති වුණා. ඒ දවස් වල අපේ රත්තරං කඩ ඔක්කොම කොල්ල කෑවා. ගිනි තිබ්බා. පංසලට බෝම්බ ගැහුවා. යාපනේ සිංහල ඉස්කොලෙත් කැඩුවා. ඊට පස්සේ අපි 1977 යාපනේ දාලා ගියා. ගිහින් ආයෙත් ආවා. 1983 ලොකුවටම කළබල වුණ නිසා දවසක් ආමි එකෙන් කිව්වා අපිට අනුරාධපුරෙන් එහාට යන්න කියලා. එත් අපිට යන්න බැරි වුණා. මොකද ඒ වෙනකොට කොටි අපේ මල්ලිලා දෙන්නව අල්ලන් ගිහිල්ලා තිබුණෙ. අපේ මල්ලිලා සමුපකාරෙට ගිහිල්ලා එනකොට තමයි කොටි අල්ලගෙන තියෙන්නේ. කොහොම හරි උදේ 10 ට විතර මල්ලිලා දෙන්නා කොටි අල්ලගෙන ගියා කියලා අ`දුනන කෙනෙක් කිව්වා. ඊට පස්සේ අම්මයි තාත්තයි මමයි මල්ලිලා එනකම් හිටියා. කොටි මල්ලිලාව එව්වෙ නෑ. ඊට පස්සේ අපිට යන්න බැරි වුණා."<br /><br />"කොටි අපිව යාපනේට කොටු කර ගත්තා. අපි ඒ විදියට ටික කාලයක් ඉන්නකොට ආරංචි වුණා මල්ලිලා වන්නිවල හිර කරන් ඉන්නවා කියලා. පස්සේ අපි වන්නියට ගියා මල්ලිලා හොයන්න. අපි උන්ගෙන් මල්ලිලා ගැන අහනකොට කිව්වා ඒ අයව නිදහස් කරනවා. හැබැයි දැන්මම නෙමෙයි කියලා. ඊට පස්සේ හමුදාව යාපනේ අල්ලන්න ආවා. මගේ මතකේ හැටියට ඒ 1996 අවුරුද්ද. එදා දෙපැත්තෙන්ම හො`දටම ගහ ගත්තා. හිතා ගන්න බැරි තරම් තත්ත්වය භයානක වුණා. එදා අපි දුවලා ඇවිල්ලා හැංගුනේ නාවක්කුලි වල. මටත් තුවාල වුණා. මගේ මල්ලිලා උන්ගෙ හිරකාරයො විදිහට මැරුණා". ඇය කතාව හමාර කළාය.<br /><br />එවකට යාපනයේ සිටි සිංහලයන් 15,000 ක් දෙමළ ජාතිවාදීන් විසින් පන්නා දැමනු ලැබීය. අනෙක් පිරිස කොටි සිරකරුවෝ වූහ. සමහර අසරණ සිංහලයෝ මේ දෙමළ ජාතිවාදීන්ගේ සිරකරුවන් ලෙස අන්ත දුක් වි`ද මිය ගියහ. ඔවුන් කළ එකම වරද සිංහල වීමය.<br /><br />සිංහල වූ හේතුව මතම පමණක් සිංහල කඩ සිය ගණනක් ගිනි තැබිණි. යාපනයේ සිංහල මහා විද්යාලය විනාශ කර දැමිණි. එවකට අධ්යාපනය එහි අධ්යාපනය ලබමින් සිටි දරුපැටවු තුන්දාහකගේ අධ්යාපනය විනාශ විය. යාපනයේ පන්සලට බෝම්බ ගසා කුඩු කෙරිණි. මේ තුච්ඡ අපරාධය කළේ සාමාන්ය දෙමළ වැසියන් නොවේ. කොටි විසින් වියරු වට්ටවන ලද දෙමළ ජාතිවාදීන් විසිනි.<br /><br />මේ අවතැන් වූ සිංහල සරණාගතයන් ගැන කතා කරන එකෙක් නැත. මානව හිමිකම් උල්ලංඝනය වීම පිළිබ`දව හ`ඩ නගන එකෙක් නැත. සාර සුබාවට ජීවත්වෙමින් සිටියදී ස්වකීය සබ්බ සකලමනාවම පැහැරගෙන ඇ`දිවත පිටින් පාරට ඇද දැමූ මනුෂ්යයන්ට අහිමි වූ දේපළ ගැන කතා කරන්නට එකෙක් නැත. කොටින් විසින් පැහැරගෙන ගොස් සිරකරුවන් ලෙස වධ බන්ධනයට ලක් කර මරා දැමූ සිය ගණනක් වූ යාපනයේ සිංහලයන් ගැන කතා කරන්නට මානව හිමිකම් සංවිධාන නැත. තැන් තැන්වල සරණාගතයන් ලෙස දුක් වි`දිමින් ජීවත්වූ, එසේ දුක් වි`දිමින්ම සිට මියගිය, යළිත් යාපනයට ගියත් අන්ත දිළින්දන් ලෙස ජීවිතය අරඹන්නට සිද්ධ වී ඇති මේ මිනිසුන්ගෙන් කොල්ල කෑ ජීවිතය ගැන කතා කරන්නට පපුකැණති උණුවන උන් නැත.<br />ඛේදවාචකය මෙයය. ජාතිවාදයේ ම්ලේච්ඡත්වයට ජාතිභේදයක් නොවේ. දකුණේ කළු ජූලියේ තිරිසන්කම ගැන කොන්දේසි විරහිතව දකුණේ සිංහල සමාජය පශ්චාත්තාප වී තිබේ. ඒ ම්ලේච්ඡත්වයේ ප්රමාණය පිළිබ`ද ස්වයං විවේචනයක් තිබේ. දකුණේ නැවත කළු ජූලි උපදින්නේ නැත. එහෙත් උතුරේ එදා සිදුවූ නින්දිත අපරාධ පිළිබ`දවත් ඒ අපරාධයන්හි වින්දිතයන් පිළිබ`දවත් කිසිවෙකුගේ පශ්චාත්තාපයක් නැත. අදත් උතුරේ ක්රියාත්මක දෙමළ ජාතිවාදයේ නින්දා සහගත නිරුවතට විවේචනයක් නැත. උතුර මේ මොහොතේත් ගිලී ඇත්තේ ගෝත්රික ජාතිවාදය තුළය. උතුරේ දෙමළ දේශපාලනය විසින් කුළුගත්වමින් සිටින්නේ දෙමළ ජාතිවාදයේ තිරිසන් කමය. යුද්දයෙන් පෑරුණු සිත් වල උපන් තුවාල මේ උන්මන්තකයන් විසින් සුව වන්නට ඉඩක් දෙන්නේ නැත. සංහි`දියාව ස`දහා ඉඩක් ලැබෙන්නේ නැත.<br /><br />සාධාරණය ඉෂ්ටවිය යුත්තේ වාර්ගික අවශ්යතා අනුව නොව, යුක්ති ධර්මය අනුවය. අප බලා සිටින්නේ යාපනයෙන් පලවා හළ පහළොස් දහසකට අධික සිංහලයන්ගේ ජීවිත අවනඩුව පසි`දන ආකාරය දෙසය.<br /><br />මුලතිව්<br />ප්රසන්න ප්රදීප්</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; font-size: medium; widows: auto;">http://www.divaina.com/2014/09/28/feature01.html</span>සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-65940571614179010152015-06-05T22:45:00.001+05:302015-06-05T22:45:55.330+05:30Tamils were never ‘Aryanised’<h1 class="detail-title" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #1f57a5; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 24px; margin: 0px 0px 10px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; widows: auto;">
Tamils were never ‘Aryanised’</h1>
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Iravatham Mahadevan,right, eminent epigraphist, congratulating T.R. Ramachandran,left, who took over as President of Tamil Nadu History Congress at Tiruchi on Friday. Photo: R.M. Rajarathinam</div>
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Terms such as Aryanisation and Sanskritisation have to be avoided in the discussion of Tamil history as they cannot do justice to the Tamil spirit of independence, observed M.G.S. Narayanan, former chairman, Indian Council of Historical Research.</div>
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Tamils were never Aryanised completely and never lost their identity in language and culture. Tamils are the only people in India, other than the tribal Adivasis, to have retained their original language and national personality in spite of a good deal of Aryan influence, he said, inaugurating the 16th annual session of Tamil Nadu History Congress at the National College in the City on Friday.</div>
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“Aryan groups from the North had not gained ascendancy, the Aryan ‘chaturvarnya’ (four caste system) system had not taken roots in Tamil society and Aryan institutions like the Brahmanical temple had not developed as a central institution in Tamil villages during the Sangam Age. All these happened to a large extent in parts of Tamizhagam by the 7th century when the Aryanised Pallavas acquired hegemony over the Tamil country. There was Aryan domination in polity and society, but not Aryanisation which signifies complete replacement with Tamil culture with Aryan culture. We have to distinguish between Aryan domination and Aryanisation,” he said.</div>
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“We have to accept the historical fact of the Aryan Brahmin domination in Tamil society for many centuries. Sill the Tamil culture was not completely suppressed or wiped out,” he said. In this context, Aryanisation is a misnomer and the coinage of the term to denote the dawn of history in South India is misleading, Mr. Narayanan said.</div>
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S. Muthukumaran, former member secretary, Tamil Nadu State Council for Higher Education, said history should not be viewed as a separate discipline of its own and emphasised the need for using the knowledge of other scientific disciplines to understand the pre-historic period of the country.</div>
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T.R. Ramachandran, former principal, Pachaiyappa’s College, who was installed as the president of the congress on the occasion, delivered a lecture on the diplomacy and the policy which the Tamil states pursued towards their neighbours in the past and their impact on Tamil polity and society.</div>
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HONOURED</h3>
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Eminent epigraphist, Iravatham Mahadevan, was honoured on the occasion and conferred with the title, ‘Distinguished and Eminent Epigraphist of Tami Nadu Par Excellence.’ The citation presented to him by Mr. Ramachandran said the title was conferred on him in recognition of original research contributions to Indian and Tamil epigraphy. His contributions to Indus script and Tamil epigraphy had earned him an international reputation, it said.</div>
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T. Ramasamy, Registrar, Bharathidasan University, N. Rajendran, Head, Department of History, Bharathidasan University, K. Raghunathan, Secretary, National College, K. Anbarasu, principal, National College, S. Kailasam, Head, Department of History, National College, and, K. Pandiyan, Local Secretary, TN History Congress, spoke.<br />
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http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Tiruchirapalli/tamils-were-never-aryanised/article31530.ece</div>
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සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-39397847674173128032015-05-30T22:48:00.000+05:302015-05-30T22:51:32.673+05:30NATIONAL ANTHEM AND NATIONALISM<h2 style="background-color: white; color: #0d4c89; font-family: 'Titillium Maps', Arial; font-size: 1.6em; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 3px 0px; widows: auto;">
<a href="http://www.spur.asn.au/index.php/77-spur/357-national-anthem-and-nationalism" style="background-color: #095197; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: white; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;">NATIONAL ANTHEM AND NATIONALISM</a></h2>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Once upon a time there was a beautiful island with wonderful people and it was called the “Pearl of the Indian Ocean “. The island is still beautiful and the people are still wonderful except for a few who consistently engage in a diabolical attempt to make it “Ugly “.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8000001907349px; line-height: 1.7em; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-top: 8px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; widows: auto;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">This is my response to the article published in the Daily Mirror of March 21</span><sup style="line-height: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">st</sup><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">titled “Mother Lanka as Sri Lanka Thaye “ written by DBS Jeyaraj. He says that the Tamil version of the National Anthem too salutes Mother Lanka and not an “Eelam”, and it was his hope and prayer that patriotic Tamils would be able to hail “Mother Lanka “as “Sri Lanka Thaye” in their “Thaai Mozhi” ( Mother Tongue).</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">This subject came on stage when Mr. Mano ganeshan sought approval from the National Executive Committee to sing the National Anthem in the Tamil language. Approval was granted and immediately thereafter those who objected to it were branded as “Extremists”, “Communalists” and “Chauvinists". In addition to that, the learned and moderate Tamil opinion makers/ journalists like Jeyaraj make evocative comments such as that by way of being “a most affected minority community” in this country, the Tamils would at least get some molecule of relief by having this request acceded to. But is thisthe reality? Who are they – Jeyaraj, Manoganeshan and those of their ilk - trying to deceive? As a matter of fact, do those who object to the National Anthem being sung in Tamil, really despise and block the progress of the Tamil people? In comparison to the other nationalities, are the Tamils discriminated against in our country? By allowing the National Anthem to be sung in Tamil will all the alleged discrimination disappear? I think it is high time to lay bare the nudity of those who very cunningly try to paint a wrong picture, locally and internationally, about the Sinhalese and Tamils in our country, in order to achieve their vicious objective.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> Let us for the moment move away from dealing with the terms such as communalism, nationalism, patriotism, emotions etc. and examine the Constitutional provisions relating to singing of the National Anthem in Tamil. Article 7 of the Constitution stipulates that the National Anthem of Sri Lanka should be “Sri Lanka Matha”. The words and the music should be as spelt out in the Third Schedule. The English <span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: underline;">transliteration</span> rightly carries the words “Sri Lanka Matha”. But the Tamil rendering is a translation, not a transliteration. This means that instead of writing the same Sinhala original words in Tamil characters, the Sinhala words of the National Anthem have been “translated” into the Tamil language. The most important thing here is that the very act of translation is done in a wrong manner. If it is done in the same manner the English script should have been Sri Lanka “Mother or Mater”!! It is very clear that the decision/initiative taken to “translate” it into Tamil had been taken with a predetermined mind set with ulterior motives such as to create communal unrest at a later stage.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> In view of this “translation”, people like Manoganeshan argue that singing the National Anthem in Tamil is in conformity with the Constitution<span style="color: red; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">. </span>However, the moment the National Anthem is sung in Tamil, Article 7 of the Constitution is violated, because, in it, it is clearly stated that the National Anthem should be Sri Lanka “Matha” and nothing else. This has led to an inconsistency between the two texts and in the event of such an “inconsistency” Article 23.1 clearly says that the text in which the written laws was “enacted” should prevail. In other words the Sinhala text should prevail over the Tamil one. Thus it proves beyond reasonable doubt that the singing the National Anthem in Tamil definitely violates the Constitution of the country. </span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">We know that it is illegal to violate the Constitution of the country for whatever the purpose. Avenues are openeven to impeach the President of the country, if it can be proved that he has willfully violated the Constitution. In such a context, if a person takes up the position that singing the National Anthem in Tamil is a violation of the Constitution, can anyone brand him a communalist or a racist?</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Most people who use the word “Racialism“ or “communalism” do not know the difference between “racialism” and “nationalism”. Racialism is primarily the belief that one’s own race is superior to others and suppress or deny the lawful rights of other communities. Nationalism, on the other hand, is patriotism, is loyalty and devotion to one’s community; to come forward and selflessly protect the interests of the community in the face of any danger. Germany and Japan became powerful nations after the Second World War as there were people with such patriotic mind sets.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Jeyaraj says that the Tamils should be allowed to sing the National Anthem in their own language for greater national unity and ethnic reconciliation, implying that Tamils are a deprived community compared to the Sinhalese. Is this true? Today one must ask what the Tamil grievances are; one can ask what “injustice “Tamils face because of being a Tamil”. They live in Colombo happily and comfortably, purchase land, build houses, send children to school, engage in businesses, are properly employed, build Kovils/Hindu temples and freely engage in religious activities. Only 48% of Tamils in Sri Lanka live in Jaffna; 52% live in the rest of the country amongst the Sinhalese and other communities. Do the Sinhalese harass Tamils at sight? There are hundreds of shops belonging to Tamils in Hetti Veediya (Sea Street), Kotahena, Wellawatta, Bambalapitiya, Pettah etc. The monopoly of the business of major food items such as sugar, potatoes, dhal etc. are in the hands of Tamil multi millionaire buisnessmen. Have the Sinhalese objected to it? What will happen if all the Sinhalese boycott the Tamil shops and businesses? They do not do that because the Sinhalese strongly believe in living in harmony and in reconciliation. The Sinhalese in general do believe that the Sinhalese, Muslims and Tamils are members of the same Sri Lankan family.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> Today the Tamils have bought over/acquired most of the land/properties in the metropolitan area. For instance in most of the lanes in Kotahena there are no Sinhalese news papers for sale because there are no Sinhalese living there. Have the Sinhalese revolted against that? Not at all.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> While that is the position of the Tamils in Colombo - for that matter in the entire country, what is the position of the Sinhalese people in the North? Can a Sinhalese purchase a piece of land in Vavunia, Mulative, Kilinochchi, Point Pedro or in Jaffna? Everyone knows it is impossible. Why? Because they are “born” as Sinhalese and that is the tragic truth. What happened to around 25,000 Sinhalese who lived in Jaffna prior to 1983? Who talks about their land and properties? Who stands up for them? Mr. Vigneshvaram, Chief Minister of Jaffna, who was born among Sinhalese in Colombo, studied with the Sinhalese, lived with the Sinhalese for more than 60 years in Colombo, having acquired land and built houses in Colombo, has the audacity to tell that the Sinhalese do not have any right to own land in the North. People like Manoganeshan whilst living a lavish life in Colombo and engaged in various businesses have viciously blocked the Sinhalese from running any business in Jaffna. Any Tamil student can get enrolled in any University in Sri Lanka but can a Sinhalese student get enrolled in the Jaffna University without creating trepidation in the hearts and minds of the parents? The Sinhalese do tolerate this situation and the <span style="color: red; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">contemptuous</span> racial attitude of the Tamil politicians not because they are cowards but mainly because of the “discipline” and “tolerance” they have acquired through the practice of Buddhist Philosophy through the centuries.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> Today who wants the National Anthem to be sung in Tamil? It is not the ordinary and enlightened Tamil people but the corrupt Tamil politicians together with their acolytes and ‘torch bearers’ who are hell bent on creating disharmony in the country. We have to accept the fact that when Mr. Mahinda Rajapaksha took over the country in 2005 it was virtually or de facto a divided country. In the North they had their own banks, a separate administrative system, a separate court system, a separate taxation system and a separate police force. Such a divided country was united and unified by Mahinda Rajapaksha. This benefitted at the outset the Tamil people at large. If a separate national anthem is demanded to be sung in the North, withIn a country which has been united after so much of strife isn’t it reasonable to consider it as a “threat” to the unitary status of the country? Is the demand for a separate National Anthem a prelude to demanding once again, a separate state?</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> The population in India is about 1.3 billion and the Tamils constitute 65 million. In Sri lanka the population is 22 million with approx. 2.8 Tamils. In India there are many ethnic groups such as Hindu, Muslim, Marati, Gujarati, Tamil, Bengali, Panjab, etc but the National Anthem is “ Jana Gana Mana Adinayaka Jayahe Bharatha Baghya Vidhatha” written by Rabindranath Tagore in a highly Sanskritized form of the Bengali language. Although we do not understand the Bengali language, when we browse the internet and listen to the Indian National Anthem sung by Latha Mangeshkar lying on sprawling sandy shores, we too are inspired and enthralled by its stirring melody and words. Indian cinema artists, with Sharook Khan as the main actor, jerk white men and women in England off their seats, make them spring up from their seats in salutation when the Indian National Anthem is played in his film. What would the response of Prime Minister Modi be, if the 65 million Tamils in India (as Jeyaraj thinks it fit to say it here) ask that they be allowed to salute “their” motherland, which gave them Knowledge, Truth, Strength, and Inner Faith, to be saluted by singing the “ jana gana mana” National Anthem in “Tamil”! Why not the fond heart of Jeyaraj feel for the 65 million Tamil people in India, in like manner?</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> Jeyaraj maintains that the Tamils get the “real national feeling” of the Motherland only if the National Anthem is sung in their own language. To me it is no patriotic statement. In the same token then, for the Veddhas to get the national feeling, the National Anthem should be altered to say “Sri Lanka Ammila Eththo” instead of “Sri Lanka Matha”. As a person who has been in India on several occasions for training I have observed, on very sensitive occasions, the eyes of Indians, be they Marati, Gujarati, Hindu, Tamil or Muslim, filling with tears when they sing the Indian National Anthem. According to Jeyaraj it may be because of conjunctivitis, for, the Maratis, Gujaratis & others do not get this national feeling because they do not understand the Sanskritized Bengali!! In some schools in India, the meaning of the song is taught to students. But when the National Anthem is played, tears well up, not because they all understand each & every word but because it generates patriotic emotions and the feeling that it symbolizes the nation - the feeling that this is our country, it is the “honour” and “pride” of our country, we are Indians, not different nations; and whatever enemy forces advance towards us we will protect the nation at any cost. Irrespective of the different ethnic identities they all think as “Indians” and that is the very reason why there is no demand from any one of the communities to sing the National Anthem in their respective languages.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> As in the case of India, if one argues that in our country the National Anthem should be in the original/single language is’nt it because one thinks of oneself as a “Sri Lankan”? If that be so, if people like Jeyaraj, Manoganeshan, Dilan Perera and Handunnethi demand that the National Anthem should be allowed to be sung in Tamil also, that is because they do not think of themselves as “Sri Lankans” or people of one country. Who then are the racists? According to Jeyaraj the racists are the “so called patriots” like us. But aren’t the racists the very same people who try to destroy efforts towards national reconciliation by making this type of request?</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Even though we strictly do not follow the dictates of astrology, planetary configurations etc., it is no secret that we generally take them as a guide to important activities. When a child is born s/he is named having consideration for the planetary positions prevailing at the moment of birth. This is because we consider that it has a benevolent effect on the child every time the name is called (pronounced). Even the Anthem is composed on the same principles. When the initial words of the song were changed from ’Namo Namo Matha’ to ‘Sri Lanka Matha’ the composer of the song Ananda Samarakoon threatened to commit suicide! People generally believe that the resonance of the ‘gana’ and ‘mathra’ of the song when pronounced correctly, the sound waves that are generated will have a benevolent effect on the nation. Whether or not such belief is substantiated by logic or reasoning, any demand to sing the National Anthem in different words will be considered a contemptible insult to an age old valued sentiment/belief of our people.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">We expect a much greater contribution from the moderate writers of the calibre of Jeyaraj to establish national reconciliation. I wish to enumerate briefly the sacrifices and contributions made by the Sinhalese in that regard. It is the Sinhalese soldiers who liberated the people of Jaffna from the grip of terrorism. Since I was the Commander of the Northern Naval Area in Jaffna when the so called peace accord was signed in 2002, I witnessed the hardships the Tamil people had to undergo under the jack boot of the terrorists. Some shop keepers committed suicide as they could not pay the ransom to terrorists. At least 75 % of the catch of fishermen were confiscated by the terrorists daily. At least 50% of the remittances received from their next of kin living abroad was grabbed by the terrorists. The School principals who did not release students for demonstrations were shot in public. It was a common scene to see weeping and wailing mothers at the security check point at Muhamalai to find whether their children abducted the previous night, were taken into the terrorist controlled area. On most occasions Sinhala soldiers ventured, despite threat to their lives, to save such affected persons and they were highly respected by individual Tamils.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">About 495,000 land mines strewn by terrorists in the area were cleared by Sinhalese soldiers disregarding the threat to their lives. It is the Sinhala soldiers who took into safe custody the gold and jewelry of the escaping Tamils around 290,000 and then later delivered to them intact when they were resettled. They were the Sinhala soldiers who de-activated about 4950 anti-tank mines and made it safe and secure for the Tamil residents to move in. It is the Sinhala soldiers who constructed about 8000 houses for the Tamil people contributing even their personal funds as a gesture of goodwill. When Prabhakaran used the Tamil people as a human shield, the Sinhalese soldiers marched through the heavily mined fields, without firing heavy artillery, knowing that they would even lose life and limb. This was just to save innocent Tamil lives. When pregnant Tamil women were escaping from the terrorists and running into the arms of our Sinhalese women soldiers, they went forward to meet them, knowing that there were tiger suicide women with bombs attached to their bellies. Many Sinhala women soldiers died in the processes whilst trying to identify the innocents from the terrorists.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Should we need any more examples to show the contribution and the commitment of the Sinhalese towards national reconciliation? Have the champions of reconciliation in the likes of Manoganeshan or Jeyaraj or any other do gooders offered even a cup of tea to the valiant soldiers as a mark of gratitude? Have they written a single article to the newspapers appreciating their services? I cannot recall any such.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Around 29,000 Sinhalese soldiers have sacrificed their lives in the protection of the unitary state of the country; 14,000 were permanently disabled too. (Here I wish to recall with deep respect the memory of the officers and men of other communities as well.) The National Anthem is the symbol of “Sovereignty” and “territorial integrity” of the country. At the end of 30 years of war shouldn’t we consider that, allowing the National Anthem to be sung in Tamil in the North, as a symbolic infringement on the territorial integrity of the country that we selflessly liberated? Isn’t It a way of disgracing the valiant soldiers who sacrificed their lives for the sake of the country? If that too is done by grossly violating the Constitution of the country, is’nt it a green light for the potential Elamist to raise their ugly head again?</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">I recollect here an interesting incident that occurred at Karainagar camp where I served as the Commanding Officer in the year 1993. During the war, the food for the island inhabitants were brought by the Navy with great effort despite the threat by the sea tiger terrorists. Since electricity was not available I brought kerosene oil from Trincomalee by using Chinese built attack crafts so that the Tamil children could do their studies. With the food quota of the sailors and officers we provided free food voluntarily to the starving families. I got the pension rights restored for many a public servant who were deprived of it for long years.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">I was admired and respected by the people of Karainagar. However I was once targeted but I happened to change my plans. The terrorists being unaware that I had alighted from the vehicle attacked it and my driver and the junior officer were killed. The following day the entire village stormed my camp and apologized profusely, weeping and wailing. When I was transferred to Colombo they wrote to higher authorities to defer my transfer. At a simple farewell party organized for me a few little girls sang the National Anthem in Sinhala. The way they pronounced the words brought tears to my eyes. There was similar reaction by the villagers as well. Isn’t it adequate evidence of “genuine national reconciliation”? Those days no one agitated to sing the Anthem in Tamil. Then who were the people who injected the virus of hatred and communalism into their innocent hearts? They are the communalist Tamil politicians. They are the ones who demand a National Anthem in Tamil purely for political reasons. Is’nt it very unfortunate to note that even the moderate journalists such as Jeyaraj too are trying to justify this demand?</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Rear Admiral (Dr). Sarath Weerasekara</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Member of Parliament.</span><br />
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-size: large; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">The article published in the Daily Mirror of March 21</span><sup style="line-height: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">st</sup><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">titled “Mother Lanka as Sri Lanka Thaye “ written by DBS Jeyaraj. </span></span><br />
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<img alt="" src="http://www.dailymirror.lk/media/images/tjjff.jpg" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: 237px; margin-right: 10px; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; width: 620px;" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">By D.B.S. Jeyaraj</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><img alt="" src="http://www.dailymirror.lk/media/images/Jeyaraj%20limg(2)(1)(2)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(3)(1)(2).jpg" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; float: right; height: 119px; margin-right: 10px; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; width: 150px;" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Once upon a time there was a Beautiful Island with wonderful people that was regarded as God’s own country. After gaining Independence from a colonial power, the modern nation with an ancient civilization adopted a national anthem of its own. The anthem was written in the language spoken by the majority of its inhabitants. Subsequently it was translated into the language widely spoken by three of its minority communities. While the song in the language of the majority received pride of place, provision was made for both versions of the anthem to be sung whenever or wherever necessary. The melody composed for the original was the same for the translated version also.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Both versions of the National anthem were sung or played in all parts of the country on appropriate occasions. When Independence day was observed the majority language version was sung at national level. However, in regions where the minority language was spoken most, the version sung at district level was that of the minority language. Similarly, schools where the medium of instruction was in the majority language the national anthem sung was also in the same language. Likewise schools where the minority language was the medium of instruction sang the national anthem in their language. In some places both versions were played one after the other. The anthem played at official functions at national level was in the language of the majority which had been enshrined as the country’s sole official language. This however did not deter the minority communities from singing the national anthem with patriotic fervour in their mother tongue on suitable occasions.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><img alt="" src="http://www.dailymirror.lk/media/images/2(397).jpg" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; float: left; height: 271px; margin: 9px; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; width: 300px;" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Sadly, the serpent of communal discord and ethnic strife entered this idyllic garden of Eden. Events deteriorated to the point where the premier national minority began to regard itself as a distinct nation and demanded the creation of a country of its own. An armed struggle was launched and civil war erupted. Substantial portions of the Island’s territory came under the control of separatist elements. Ethnic relations between the majority and chief minority community disintegrated widely and people speaking the language became increasingly alienated from the state and estranged from the majority community.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />A symptom of this malady was in the national anthem itself. It began to be sung only in the majority language. With the secessionist state of mind pervading community consciousness , there were no singers of the national anthem in the mother tongue of the minority community. Although the minority language version of the national anthem had been given Constitutional status, it was not sung in practice. The minority language had also been elevated as an official language by a Constitutional amendment. But in the climate of strife and confrontation it was not implemented widely. The national anthem in the minority community mother tongue was also not sung in practice though there was no legal or Constitutional barrier.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />And then there was a change! The long war ended with the total annihilation of the armed organization espousing the separatist cause. The Island from north to south and east to west again came under the sole writ of the democratically elected government. Members of the minority nationality began re-entering the national mainstream again. They picked up the shattered pieces of their existence and began embarking upon a brave new journey of reconciliation. Once again these members of the minority group began to think of themselves as belonging to the country where their ancestors had lived for generations.It was farewell to secessionism and an embrace of the motherland at an emotional and spiritual level. It was a strengthening of unity while retaining diversity.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /> </div>
<h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #005689; cursor: pointer; font-family: Lora, Georgia, serif; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; padding: 7px; widows: auto;">
<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: red;">Mother Tongue</span></h2>
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-size: large; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">What better way to celebrate this return other than to sing the national anthem once again in their mother tongue now constitutionally recognized as an official language? Would it not be significant to salute their country as mother in their own language in which language they think and feel? Would it not be great to thank the mother who gave them “Knowledge, Truth, Strength and inner faith,” and was also their “light divine and sentient being”. Would it not be most meaningful for an estranged and embittered people to sing of an end to “ill-will, hatred and strife” and to sing of themselves again as a “ Mighty nation marching onward, all as one and enfolded in love”?</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><img alt="" src="http://www.dailymirror.lk/media/images/1(554).jpg" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; display: block; float: right; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; height: 353px; line-height: 20px; margin: 9px; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; widows: auto; width: 300px;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">In any other land or country this development would have been welcomed and encouraged. The State would have given every assistance and help to promote the singing of the national anthem in their mother tongue by members of an ethnicity that had been out in the political cold for decades. Echoing the patriotic sentiments expressed in the national anthem in their own language which they knew best would have paved the way for greater national unity and ethnic reconciliation.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">But this did not happen! Instead, moves were initiated to do away with the Constitutional right to sing the national anthem in the mother tongue of the national minorities. A draft law to forbid the national anthem being sung in languages other than the majority official language was mooted but was shelved due to opposition within Cabinet ranks. This resulted in uncertainty about the legality of the singing of the national anthem. However in practice, very clear signals were conveyed “unofficially” that only the majority language version of the national anthem should be sung everywhere. The bureaucracy as well as the armed forces were used to enforce this officially sanctioned unofficial diktat.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">This naturally resulted in huge disappointment and despondency. It was a slap in the face of those members of the minority ethnicity seeking to re-enter the national mainstream and foster ethnic reconciliation and harmony. It was perceived as one more instance of majoritarian arrogance. The majoritarian supremacists who had plunged the country into chaos and despair were riding high once again adding insult to injury.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">Dispassionate foreigners such as diplomats, academics, media and NGO personnel were aghast. They could not believe this was happening in a land that had been torn asunder by ethnic strife and was now on the path of ethnic amity and national unity. Why this intolerant attitude and heavy handed response to an issue that would have never been an issue in any sane and sensible country?</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"> </span></span><br />
<h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #005689; cursor: pointer; font-family: Lora, Georgia, serif; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; padding: 7px; widows: auto;">
<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: red;">“Third Class Politics”</span></h2>
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-size: large; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">But then these things do happen in the beautiful Island called Sri Lanka, where I was born and bred. Hard as it may be to believe many such things are possible in the pearl of the Indian ocean, now dubbed as the miracle of Asia. It is a land of paradoxes. “Third class politics” to use Gamini Fonseka’s description has been Sri Lanka’s bane and ruin.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">Politicians from both sides of the ethnic divide have time and again pursued the politics of the irrational by appealing to raw emotions of the electorate. These political elements continue to thrive because the Sri Lankan people of all hues have demonstrated time and again that they can be whipped up into a frenzy at elections through emotive yet empty slogans and cheap political stunts. Thus it is a vicious circle of inter-dependence where the people continue to get the leaders they deserve.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">What prevents Sri Lanka from total misery is the ability of its leaders and people to take corrective measures at times and undo some, if not all of the damage caused. What is more these corrective measures are enacted through democratic methods. Democracy in Sri Lanka may be flawed, but nevertheless, the country can be proud that it remains basically democratic. One set of rascals may be replaced by another but these are done through democratic elections. Dictatorial tendencies are curbed through the casting of the vote. These have been the silver linings prevalent in the dark clouds looming over the Island’s political horizon.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">One such silver lining was visible last week in the case of the national anthem. The new dispensation under President Maithripala Sirisena and Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe is striving valiantly to rectify some of the wrongs perpetrated by the previous Government. One such matter seems to be that of the national anthem being sung in Tamil.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">The Rajapaksa regime did not ban the Tamil national anthem legally, but saw to it that singing the national anthem in Tamil was forbidden in day-to-day affairs. According to media reports, Democratic Peoples Front (DPF) leader Mano Ganesan had raised the issue of the national anthem being sung in Tamil at the National Executive Council meeting. President Sirisena had responded positively and reiterated the Constitutional position that there was no bar on the national anthem being sung in Tamil. He had guaranteed that the National Anthem would be sung in Tamil also.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"> </span></span><br />
<h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #005689; cursor: pointer; font-family: Lora, Georgia, serif; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; padding: 7px; widows: auto;">
<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: red;">Mano Ganesan</span></h2>
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-size: large; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">This column contacted the DPF leader to clarify the position. I am reproducing here Mano Ganesan’s responses to three questions I posed.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Q</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">”What were the circumstances that motivated you to raise this issue at the National Executive Council meeting and how do you feel now that the President has answered positively”?</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">MG:</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"> National anthem, National Flag etc are the elements of expression of nationalism of a citizen of any country. This goes with us in Sri Lanka too. During the last regime, this subject was a highly heated up issue in year 2010. Weerawansa, Gammanpila, BBS and others were on a (war) path of totally rejecting this constitutional right of the Tamil speaking community. They went to the extent of getting then Interior Minister John Senaviratne to submit a Cabinet paper. It was to “order” citizens and State admin & school administrators to refrain from singing the Tamil National Anthem.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">But due to our combined opposition, Mahinda Rajapakse who gave tacit support to this backtracked. I remember saying then that those who claim to be “Deshapremi patriots” should on the contrary support the Tamil National Anthem. It is not about Eelam, but about Sri Lanka. It is bringing in the Tamils into the national mainstream.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">But I failed to convince the hardliners. Though they stopped at that point, the fear psyche had already gone into the minds of the State administrators in the Tamil speaking regions. Tamil regional GAs and AGAs and school principals either refrained or blocked the use of the Tamil national anthem due to their fear of the regime. And the Army in the north added brutality to this. They trained the school children band to sing only the Sinhala version and barged into the civil events and at times, stopped theTamil national anthem. The Sinhala only law was in action.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">These hardliners failed to understand the basic facts. The Tamil anthem is not a new strange song about Eelam but only the translation of the Sinhala version praising Mother Lanka and the music score is also the same. Therefore, these hardliners are nothing but severe racists who reject anything Tamil and who are trying to take our country backwards.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">NOW, This is the era of good governance and real reconciliation. So I thought of raising this issue at the National Executive Council (NEC). I am not in Parliament. If I had been, I would have raised it there.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">The latest is that many local media electronic and print have taken up this issue. Yesterday I was interviewed and thus spoke in many Sinhala radio channels. Last night I was in Rupavahini TV live this morning Weerawansa came on Neth FM radio live and blasted me. He said there can be only one language, one national anthem in this country, since this is a Sinhala country. But to my pleasant surprise, the former interior minister John Seneviratne who brought the Cabinet paper to ban the Tamil national anthem, said on the same radio that he regrets his earlier stance also adding that Tamils should have the right to use the Tamil national anthem.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"> </span></span><br />
<h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #005689; cursor: pointer; font-family: Lora, Georgia, serif; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; padding: 7px; widows: auto;">
<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: red;">Maithri Manifesto</span></h2>
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-size: large; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">So DBS, my efforts have brought about some positive developments. I was one of those who agreed with the idea of not putting the Tamil national issue in the Maithri manifesto during the presidential elections. We did not want to give any opportunity to hard liners. But it does not mean that we have to keep quiet all the time. We must choose the right time to raise issues and create discussions. It is my policy.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Q</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"> ”What is the follow up action needed now to give effect to the guarantee given by President Sirisena ?</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">MG:</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"> The President needs to do two things.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">(1) A relevant circular from the Presidential Secretariat to all the district Secretariats, ministries, Provincial Councils, all the Municipal and Urban Councils, Pradesiya Sabas and especially, to all the schools and education officials clarifying the official stance of the government on the use of the Tamil</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">national anthem.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">(2) As promised, he should take up the issue at the next National Security Council meeting to send the message across to the security establishment</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Q </span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">Do you have any specific plans in this regard in your capacity as leader of a political party based essentially in Colombo and Up Country with a Sinhala majority”?</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">MG:</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"> My plans...? I am the leader of a small party trying to do big matters and getting into trouble with various labels.......Already as per my instructions, our member of the Western Provincial Council for Colombo district and the deputy general secretary of our party Shan Kuhavaradan are preparing 500 Audio CDs carrying the Tamil national Anthem. We plan to distribute these to the Tamil medium schools starting within Colombo and extending to the Western Province and then to all the Tamil medium schools in the country. I am also planning to play the Tamil national anthem at specially convened gatherings with Sinhala invitees where I plan to conduct discussions on real reconciliation. (I want to do much… .....but your guys in the Diaspora help to buy guns but not make such CDs will you…?)</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"> </span></span><br />
<h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #005689; cursor: pointer; font-family: Lora, Georgia, serif; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; padding: 7px; widows: auto;">
<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: red;">Not About Tamil Eelam</span></h2>
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-size: large; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">As DPF leader Mano Ganesan rightly observed the national anthem in Tamil is only a translation of the Sinhala original. It hails Mother Lanka and is not about Tamil Eelam. True patriots must support and not oppose the national anthem being sung in Tamil. In Sri Lanka, those claiming to be patriots are doing the opposite. Once again the Sinhala hawks are screeching that the national anthem should not be sung in Tamil. One hopes and prays that the Sirisena-Wickremesinghe Govt. will have the courage to stand firm and not give in to the protests of pseudo nationalist Sinhala patriots.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">The issue of singing the national anthem in Tamil is one that I feel strongly about. I yearn nostalgically for a happy past where this was not an issue at all to me. When I was a student at St.Thomas’ prep school in Kollupitiya during the times of JTR Perinpanayagam as Headmaster, we used to sing the national anthem at the end of term assemblies and other important events. The students were multi-ethnic – Sinhala, Tamil, Muslim, Burgher, Malay with a sprinkle of cultural minorities like Colombo Chetty, Bharatha, Sindhi, Bohra, Parsi, Chinese, Malayalee and Telugu (a great- great grandson of the last King of Kandy was a student too).</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">We were given “roneo”cyclo-styled sheets with the words in Sinhala and Tamil, and the Sinhala version scripted in English. We were free to sing in whichever language, but almost all of us being fluent in English preferred to sing the Sinhala words in English script. As a Tamil, I don’t think I understood the meaning of the words fully but at that primary school and tender age it did not matter. The words had a musical tone and the tune was lively and lilting.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">It was after I relocated to Jaffna in my mid-teens, that I started hearing the national anthem being sung in Tamil. The students at Jaffna College were almost entirely Tamil with one or two Muslims and Malayalees. By this time one had got “politicized”in terms of ethnicity. We were more aware politically in secondary school. Besides the early seventies of the 20th century was the era of standardization that caused much upheaval amidst Tamil students. ”Tamil Eelam”consciousness had not entered our lives then but we did feel strongly about discrimination and racist oppression.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"> </span></span><br />
<h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #005689; cursor: pointer; font-family: Lora, Georgia, serif; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; padding: 7px; widows: auto;">
<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: red;">Joi de Vivre</span></h2>
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-size: large; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">However, it was while listening or singing the national anthem in my mother tongue Tamil that I really understood and above all felt what it was all about. Politically I found the content unobjectionable as the words were about mother Lanka and the virtues of the country and not about any particular ethnicity. However, I must admit that though I understood the national anthem better in Tamil, I liked hearing it being sung in Sinhala, as the words seemed to resonate mellifluously exuding a mood of joi de vivre.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">All things changed utterly as the ethnic conflict escalated and the Sinhala and Tamil communities drew apart. The practice of singing the national anthem in Tamil in the North and East gradually diminished even as hostilities mounted. Before 1956, almost every major school in Jaffna had Sinhala teachers (many of them Buddhist priests)to teach Sinhala to students. After Sinhala was imposed as the sole official language to the exclusion of Tamil, this practice ceased. Likewise the singing of the national anthem in Tamil also went out of vogue in the Tamil area schools. This was reflected to some extent in Tamil schools in the South too but several Tamil medium Muslim schools continued with the practice.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">This gloomy dark phase in Sri Lanka’s post-indepenence history is now over, and the country is slowly progressing towards its tryst with destiny. It is against this backdrop that the efforts to resurrect the national anthem must be viewed positively. Obstructing such efforts must be deplored and condemned. This is an issue that I feel strongly about and have written on it earlier in order to understand this totally unnecessary “ Tamil national anthem crisis,” I shall delve briefly into the history of the national anthem in Tamil and what transpired in the Cabinet of Mahinda Rajapaksa on this matter in 2010 relying on some of my past writings.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">Sri Lanka’s national anthem was originally written in Sinhala by Ananda Samarakoon who was a well-known painter as well as poet. He had been a student at Rabindanath Tagore’s “Shantiniketan”in Bengal, India. The song was not written originally for the purpose of being a national anthem.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"> </span></span><br />
<h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #005689; cursor: pointer; font-family: Lora, Georgia, serif; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; padding: 7px; widows: auto;">
<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: red;">“Namo Namo Matha”</span></h2>
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-size: large; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">In 1950, the then Finance Minister JR Jayewardene presented a Cabinet memorandum that the widely popular “Namo Namo Matha” be formally acknowledged as the official anthem. Prime Minister DS Senanayake set up a select committee under the Home Affairs and Rural Development Minister Sir EAP Wijeratne (Father of Dr. Nissanka Wijeratne) to finalize the issue. The committee headed by Sir Wijeratne considered “Namo Namo Matha” and some other lyrics and decided that Samarakoon’s song should be the national anthem.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">Sir EAP Wijeratne then presented a Cabinet paper in August 1951, recommending “Namo Namo Matha” as the national anthem. It was unanimously approved by the Cabinet and formally adopted on November 22, 1951. There were two Tamil Ministers in the DS Senanayake Cabinet then. They were GG Ponnambalam and C. Sittambalam. It is said that even before they could make a request, Premier DS Senanayake had stated that a suitable Tamil translation be formally adopted. The select committee headed by Sir EAP Wijeratne had accepted in principle that there be a Tamil version of the national anthem.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">The Tamil scholar Pundit M. Nallathamby was entrusted this task and a neat transliteration was done. The Tamil version came into use and was extensively used in official functions in the predominantly Tamil speaking Northern and Eastern provinces.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">The remarkable attribute of Sri Lanka’s national anthem is that, it sings paeans of patriotic praise to the country alone and not to any race, religion, caste, creed or community. It is not parochial or partisan and appeals to the patriotic sentiments of all children of the Lankan mother.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">Hence, the Tamil people found no reason to reject or protest against the national anthem. Once the meaning of the Sinhala words was known, few Tamils found it objectionable. With an appropriate transliteration available the Tamils of Sri Lanka found themselves singing the national anthem with emotion and fervour in their mother tongue.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"> </span></span><br />
<h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #005689; cursor: pointer; font-family: Lora, Georgia, serif; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; padding: 7px; widows: auto;">
<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: red;">National Anthem</span></h2>
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-size: large; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">Four years after Freedom on February 4, 1952 , “Namo Namo Matha” was sung at Independence Day ceremonies as the official national anthem. The Tamil version “Namo Namo Thaye” was sung in related Independence Day functions at the Jaffna, Vavuniya, Mannar, Trincomalee and Batticaloa Kachcheries. When Sir John Kotelawela visited Jaffna in 1954, the Tamil version of the national anthem was sung at functions felicitating the Prime minister.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">On March 12, 1952, the Government published huge advertisements in Sinhala,Tamil and English newspapers announcing that “Namo Namo Matha” was the national anthem, while words in Sinhala and Tamil were published in the Sinhala and Tamil newspapers respectively, the English newspapers had Sinhala words written in English.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">While “Namo Namo Matha” was now being sung as the official anthem, there was no uniformity in the melody or manner of singing. Different choirs and singers were rendering it in different ways. This was causing much confusion. So the Government decided to appoint a Committee to ensure that uniformity was ensured in rendering the national anthem. An eleven-member committee was appointed in 1953. Among its members were Ananda Samarakoon himself, Devar Suryasena and JDA Perera.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">This committee set out guidelines as to how the anthem should be sung and also defined the exact tune for it. The melody was a refined version of the original tune composed by Samarakoon. The reputed establishment Cargills, then agents for HMV records was given the order to make records of the national anthem.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">A disc was also cut for the Tamil version of the national anthem. While the melody and music were the same as that of the Sinhala version by Ananda Samarakoon, the Tamil words written by Pundit Nallathamby were sung by two female vocalists Sangari and Meena. The Tamil version was first broadcast officially on “Radio Ceylon” on February 4, 1955.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">On June 24, 1954, the Cabinet of Sir John Kotelawela formally endorsed the tune and singing of the National Anthem. The copyright ownership of “Namo Namo Matha” was formally acquired by the Government after payment of Rs. 2,500 on that day. The money however did not go to Ananda Samarakoon, as he had already transferred copyright to Siriwardena, the printing press owner who had first published the song in a book of poems. In February 1961, the SLFP Govt. of Sirimavo Bandaranaike changed the wording of the national anthem from “Namo, namo Matha”to “Sri Lanka Matha’. A similiar change was made to the Tamil version also.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"> </span></span><br />
<h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #005689; cursor: pointer; font-family: Lora, Georgia, serif; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; padding: 7px; widows: auto;">
<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: red;">Pride of Place</span></h2>
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-size: large; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">Both the Sinhala and Tamil versions were in use for decades. There set in over the years a certain form of usage in relation to the national anthem. The original Sinhala song got pride of place in most state or official ceremonies and events. In some instances, the Tamil version was also sung. It was however the practice for the Tamil version to be used in most events or functions in the Tamil-speaking areas of the Northern and Eastern provinces. Most Tamil-medium schools also sang the national anthem in Tamil at school events. This applied to many Tamil medium schools outside the</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">North – East too.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">It was indeed noteworthy that the Tamil version continued to be in use even after Sinhala was made the sole official language in 1956. Both the Sinhala and Tamil versions were sung in the sixties of the last century, when the then Prime Minister Dudley Senanayake visited Jaffna. When Sirimavo Bandaranaike came to Jaffna as premier in 1974, to open the newly set up Jaffna campus of the University of Sri Lanka both versions were sung.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"> It was common in those days for selected school bands and choirs to render the national anthem in Sinhala and Tamil. What is remarkable is that though the Tamil language held no official status then the more enlightened governments of the day had no qualms about the national anthem being sung in the Tamil language in Tamil medium schools or official functions in the predominantly Tamil-speaking regions.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">The Constitution of 1978 ushered in by the UNP regime led by JR Jayewardene provided national language status to the Tamil language. It also granted Constitutional status to the national anthem. Clause 7 of the Constitution says - “The National Anthem of the Republic of Sri Lanka shall be “Sri Lanka Matha,” the words and music of which are set out in the Third Schedule”.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"> Both the Sinhala original and Tamil translation were acknowledged. This was done mainly because of former Kalkudah MP KW Devanayagam who was at that time the only Sri Lankan Tamil Minister in the UNP government. This act evoked praise worthy mention as an indicator of inclusiveness and tolerance. It could be seen therefore, that this Island nation displayed a sense of accommodation towards the usage of Tamil language in the sphere of “officially” singing the national anthem for many many years.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"> </span></span><br />
<h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #005689; cursor: pointer; font-family: Lora, Georgia, serif; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; padding: 7px; widows: auto;">
<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: red;">Cabinet Memorandum</span></h2>
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-size: large; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">This state of affairs was upset in 2010 by the Mahinda Rajapaksa Govt. It was felt by some Ministers that no proper procedures were being practiced at official functions, where the national flag was raised or national anthem sung. President Rajapaksa therefore, instructed his Public Administration and Home Affairs Minister WDJ (John) Senevirathne to prepare a Cabinet memorandum outlining the appropriate protocols to be adopted in relation to the national flag and national anthem.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">A Cabinet paper incorporating basic guidelines was duly prepared and submitted for discussion and approval on November 3, 2010. After preliminary discussion in November, the Cabinet paper was taken up for detailed discussion again on December 8, 2010.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"> </span></span><br />
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: yellow;"><span style="background-color: navy; box-sizing: border-box;">"It is my hope and prayer that patriotic Tamils should be able to hail “Mother Lanka” as “Sri Lanka Thaaye” in their “Thaai Mozhi”(Mother tongue)"</span></span></h2>
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-size: large; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">The officials who drafted the memorandum had relied greatly on a Singaporean piece of legislation as a model. The use of the national anthem is governed by Part IV of the Singapore Arms and Flag and National Anthem Rules made under the Singapore Arms and Flag and National Anthem Act. This Act was amended in 2007 was used as a model by Sri Lankan officials.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">Apparently there is a provision in the Singaporean Act which stipulates that anyone singing the national anthem must sing the official lyric and not any translation of the lyric. The duplication of that provision in the Sri Lankan Cabinet memorandum led to the unwanted controversy. The Cabinet paper recommended the singing of the national anthem in Sinhala only and suggested that the Tamil translation in use for decades be summarily abolished. It was also proposed that those who were not proficient in the Sinhala language, could write down the Sinhala words in Tamil or English and sing them.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"> </span></span><br />
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: red;">“Onwards Singapore”</span></h2>
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-size: large; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">The Sri Lankan officials in emulating the letter of the Singaporean guidelines had missed the spirit of the Lion City State anthem. Although the majority community in Singapore are Chinese (75.2%), the national anthem is in the Malay language, spoken by 13.6% of the people. The national anthem written by Zubir Said is titled “Majulah Singapura” or “Onwards Singapore.” English, Chinese (Mandarin), Malay and Tamil are recognized as official languages in Singapore, but Malay is regarded as the National language. Thus it is considered appropriate that the national anthem be in Malay. Translations are available in English, Mandarin and Tamil, but only Malay could be used to sing the national anthem in official functions.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">Thus in Singapore, where the national anthem is in a “minority” language there was an imperative need to debar translations and insist upon Malay alone being used officially to sing the national anthem. If translations were allowed, the Mandarin or English version could swamp the Malay version. But this is not the case in Sri Lanka where Sinhala is firmly entrenched as the language of the majority and primary official language. It is the Tamil language that requires special measures and guarantees in the present situation.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">It was in this context, that the Cabinet paper dated November 3, 2010 was taken up for detailed discussion by the Cabinet on December 8, 2010. National Freedom Front (NFF) leader and former Construction, Engineering services, Housing and Common Amenities Minister Wimal Weerawansa at the outset welcomed the proposal to abolish the Tamil translation and sing the national anthem in Sinhala alone.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">Weerawansa informed his Cabinet colleagues that the Tamils wanted to sing the anthem in Sinhala and said that when he was in Jaffna recently, the national anthem had been sung in Sinhala only at an official function. The Jaffna Tamil gathering had sung enthusiastically, Weerawansa said. Pontificating further, the former Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP) stalwart observed that it was a joke for a national anthem to be sung in two languages. He also “enlightened” his co-ministers that in India where so many languages are spoken, including Tamil, the national anthem was in Hindi only.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"> </span></span><br />
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: red;">Wimal Weerawansa</span></h2>
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-size: large; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">Unfortunately, Wimal Weerawansa as is typical, was not well-informed on the topic he was waxing eloquent. There are several countries like Canada, Philippines , Belgium, Switzerland and South Africa, where the national anthem is sung in two or more languages in full or in parts. At the same time, many more countries allow limited use of translations. </span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">More importantly, Weerawansa was incorrect in his reference to the Indian national anthem. The song “Jana Gana Mana” was written in Bengali by the illustrious Rabindranath Tagore, a Bengali himself. It is however written in “Tatsama” and not colloquial Bengali. Tatsama-Bengali is somewhat classical and has an extensive vocabulary of words “loaned” from the ancient Sanskrit language. About 70% of words used in Tatsama-Bengali is of Sanskrit origin, while only about 40% words in colloquial Bengali is Sanskrit.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">Bengali poets of the 10th century resorted to Tatsama because they felt that a greater deal of classical Sanskrit was required to express their thoughts in poetic form. Later in the 19th century, another school of thought comprising English- educated Bengalis revived the Tatsama poetry in a big way. Tagore was influenced by this school of thought and resorted to Tatsama in conveying his poetic thoughts in Bengali. “Jana gana mana” therefore had a lot of Sanskrit words intelligible to most Indo-Aryan languages . Incidentally, another of Tagore’s compositions “Sonar Bangla” or “golden Bengal” is the national anthem</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">of Bangladesh. Weerawansa was therefore incorrect in saying the Indian national anthem is in the official language Hindi. Weerawansa’s ill-informed onslaught on Tamil being used to sing the national anthem found a responsive chord in several Ministers in Mahinda’s Cabinet. One reason for this type of response was the view shared by some that Weerawansa was only articulating the wishes of President Rajapaksa. So some better informed Ministers were seemingly in agreement with Weerawansa to curry- favour with the President.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"> </span></span><br />
<h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #005689; cursor: pointer; font-family: Lora, Georgia, serif; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; padding: 7px; widows: auto;">
<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: red;">Vasudeva Nanayakkara</span></h2>
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-size: large; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">In that situation, several of the more enlightened Ministers also kept silent. There was also hesitation among Ministers of the Tamil and Muslim communities to speak out. But not so the irrepressible Vasudeva Nanayakkara. The veteran leftist firebrand who had joined Cabinet ranks then as Minister of National Languages and Social Integration was the first to speak against the proposal to do away with Tamil in singing the national anthem.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">Nanayakkara spoke eloquently on the need to be inclusive and fair by the minority communities. He saw no need for the removal of an arrangement that had been in practice for so many years. Comrade Vasu also pointed out that the need of the hour was to reach out to the Tamil masses and bestow upon them a sense of belonging. The national anthem proposal would be detrimental to national unity, he said.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">With Nanayakkara leading from the front, the counter-offensive to the “Sinhala only” imposition gained momentum. Rajitha Senaratne, the then Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Development Minister, Douglas Devananda, the then Traditional Industries and Small Enterprise Development Minister, Rauff Hakeem the then Justice Minister and A.L.M. Athaulla, the former Local Government and Provincial Councils Minister also joined the discussion and spoke out against the proposal.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">Athaullah had a counter-proposal. Why not include verses from Tamil also into the national anthem along with Sinhala? he queried. For the national anthem to be truly national, both the Sinhala and Tamil languages should constitute it, observed the Akkaraipatru stalwart who went on to propose a bi-lingual national anthem.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">The mood at the Cabinet meeting changed and it soon became obvious that the proposal to do away with the Tamil translation of the national anthem was being met with stiff resistance. It was also clear that deep divisions were emerging on this account within the Cabinet conclave.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"> </span></span><br />
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: red;">Deferred Indefinitely</span></h2>
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-size: large; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">Gauging the situation correctly, President Rajapaksa brought the discussion and debate to an end by announcing that the decision on the Cabinet paper would be deferred indefinitely until a later date. He said that an intensive informed discussion was necessary before a final decision was arrived at. Meanwhile, the status quo would remain as usual, the President stated.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">What happened thereafter is well known. Orders went out quietly to Govt. officials and officers of the armed forces that the national anthem should not be sung in Tamil. There was no official decree but officially-sanctioned unofficial instructions resulted in the silencing of the Tamil National anthem. Neither Vasudeva Nanayakkara nor Douglas Devananda could prevent this.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">Now there is a ray of hope again after President Sirisena’s assurance to Mano Ganesan at the National Executive Council. There has always been a hiatus between pledges and performances in the ethnic relations sphere of Sri Lanka. Already the knives are out to scuttle the move and it remains to be seen, whether President Sirisena can bring about a transformation where the national anthem could be sung by the Tamil speaking people in their mother tongue.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">It is my hope and prayer that patriotic Tamils should be able to hail “Mother Lanka” as “Sri Lanka Thaaye” in their “Thaai Mozhi”(Mother tongue)</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;" /><span style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 700; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;">D.B.S. Jeyaraj can be reached at dbsjeyaraj@yahoo.com</span></span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-size: large; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 700; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"><br /></span></span></span>
<span lang="EN-US" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"><b>http://www.dailymirror.lk/66895/singing-the-national-anthem-in-tamil-hailing-mother-lanka-as-sri-lanka-thaaye</b></span></span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-US" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; widows: auto;"><b><br /></b></span></span></span></div>
සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-89490435250197088392015-05-29T17:53:00.002+05:302015-05-29T17:58:35.956+05:30Was LTTE bankrolled for different objectives!<div class="post" id="post-44221" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 40px; widows: auto;">
<span class="article_header" style="color: #990000; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.8em; font-weight: bold; margin: 30px 0px 0px;">Was LTTE bankrolled for different objectives!</span><br />
<span class="date">Posted on May 27th, 2015</span><br />
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<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">A movement created overseas and exported to destabalize Sri Lanka that lasted 3 decades despite a wave of serial murders/assassinations/suicides & crimes with offices placed overseas to carry out its propaganda despite international bans has to have some reasons for its existence. The business of LTTE being kept alive had benefits not necessarily the same or with same objectives as obviously prevails at the post-LTTE phase. It is a good time to look at the players involved in LTTE Inc.</span></div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">India:</span></b></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">LTTE & possibly over 30 other militant organizations sprang into existence as a result of being clandestinely taken to India and trained in 1970s by retired Indian military personnel and handled by Indian intelligence with the sole aim of destabalizing Sri Lanka. India armed, trained, financed and supported LTTE and a host of other militants. Thus the initial killings by these movements had to be with the explicit knowledge/awareness & even approval of India. LTTE’s first killings was against Tamils and to remove all Nationalist Tamils. Mayor Alfred Duraippah became first target, thereafter scores of Tamil policemen and then eliminating other Tamil militant leaders before LTTE self-declared itself the sole representative of the Tamils using the force of their gun. It was only afterwards that the guns turned on Sri Lanka’s military and unarmed civilians – initially to chase Sinhalese and Muslims out of the North, thereafter to chase them out of the East and then to create mayhem across the country.</span></div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">Tamil Homeland:</span></b></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">The first quest for separation and calls for a separate Tamil homeland began in India and by the Tamil Nadu state. Their argument was that the British mashed together independent territories and princely states and created one nation christening it India. This argument is true. There was never a nation called India before the British named it so. It is also true that Tamils migrated to Sri Lanka from India and that is why Tamil language finds its roots to Tamil Nadu. Therefore all ingredients required for self-determination are available in Tamil Nadu and not in Sri Lanka’s North because the indigenous language/culture all finds its source to Tamil Nadu. In the case of the Sinhalese, their language is indigenous to Sri Lanka, cultures are indigenous to Sri Lanka and the Sinhala race is found nowhere else but in Sri Lanka. Therefore, arguments related to homeland of Tamils carries no water when Tamils cannot claim homelands in different countries. With 72million of the world’s 76m Tamil Nadu is best placed to be declared Tamil Homeland as Sri Lanka has less than 2million Tamils.</span></div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">Themes & Slogans:</span></b></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">Over the years the themes and slogans have shifted to suit the tastebuds of those funding the campaign. Initially, it started with grievance and discrimination using standardization, language then when counter arguments questioned why Tamils oppose less privileged Tamils from gaining education and entering university the slogan shifted to victimization when challenged to show examples of where Tamils were denied that only Sinhalese enjoyed, without giving examples they moved on to the newest slogan ‘genocide’. Why are the MPs not challenging these claims and why are lawyers not taking action – genocide is a serious word but can those using it prove statistically that such took place? But propaganda and money has allowed this single word to gain world-wide momentum and if not countered likely to put people behind bars for no valid reasons. </span></div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">Tamil Politicians:</span></b></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">Like all politicians, Tamil leaders search for reasons to rule their own. We must be mindful that prior to LTTE emerging from low-caste/poor/smuggler family backgrounds the Tamil leaders were all from high caste/class English educated families and they wanted that status quo to continue. They had to compromise because of India’s involvement but in their hearts/minds their objective was to continue caste/class culture so that only they would rotate power amongst their own. This was why when in 1956 when SWRD Bandaranaike introduce the Social Disabilities Prevention Act enabling poor Tamils to gain education Tamil leaders even wrote to the UK to make objections and when Soulbury Constitution was being drafted they wanted caste to be included which British refused</span></div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">Tamil middle class</span></b></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">Former colonies all suffer from an inherent desire to live in Western climes and feel that whatever wealth they have unless they have lived abroad they do not measure up. The LTTE, the 1983 pre-planned riots provided the avenue and today close to 1million Tamils now live overseas. The references to them as economic refugees aligns well because the protestors howling about discrimination, genocide etc are by asylum seekers who are still buying time to get their PR and do not wish to jeopardize that. Also, the LTTE fund generating apparatus has provided avenues to make money for people, while it has also enabled a handful to move with foreign leaders at higher levels, the illegal rackets that LTTE is involve are also opportunities to make money as are the legal investments handled through proxies. The restaurants, businesses purchased with LTTE money provide a win-win situation. These are all areas that will come under threat and scrutiny if there is peace and stability in Sri Lanka. A lot of hardcore LTTErs who had escaped may also fear that they will be charged under local laws.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">Thus, whatever roads, infrastructure, housing, facilities given to the Tamils, the desire to live in the West cannot be removed and they find the LTTE project the best way to subtly provide the avenue for this goal. We need to all understand this inherent mental condition of Tamils. It may be one reason why most are reluctant to blame the LTTE since sub-consciously they feel they had a role to play in wanting the LTTE to prevail. A handful of Tamils however putting nation first have always come out with their views but under immense pressure and grave threat to their lives. They must be appreciated and applauded at all times.</span></div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">Tamil poor & low caste</span></b></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">Very little attention is given to the fact that the guinea pigs for Tamil politicians and LTTE Terrorists have been these Tamil poor and low caste. It was from them that the cadres were taken. These mothers bred children as child soldiers, their men and young men were turned into virtual slaves and killed like dogs. Higher castes served as officials of LTTE with a handful low caste given opportunity just for propaganda purposes.</span></div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">Tamil Diaspora (LTTE & Non-LTTE)</span></b></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">It is good to divide them as those openly supportive of the LTTE and the silent victims. To quantify this is rather difficult but the elections to the utopian Transnational Government of Tamil Eelam proscribed under UNSC 1373 shows that hardly any Tamils have voted over the years though the head refers to himself as ‘President’ to satisfy some inherent mental condition. For the LTTE Diaspora it has provided a gateway to stardom and today they are calling the shots because they have fitted themselves into a very cosy bargaining situation where they have coerced the foreigners into thinking that they hold the cards to how the Tamils in Sri Lanka think and function including the Tamil politicians – they ignore the Indian Govt influence over the Tamils as well as Tamils in Tamil Nadu though foreign intelligence has been able to use their links to Indian intelligence to tip the scales in favour of the West at crucial times. The deals being cut by the LTTE Diaspora with or without the Tamil leaders do not have the interests of the ordinary Tamils.</span></div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">NGOs / Human Rights Organizations</span></b></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">These are all foreign-government sponsored entities linked to the policy of their governments and paid to advance those agendas by projecting themselves as good hearts. While it is unfair to place all NGOs in the same basket the majority of those stationed in Sri Lanka were upto nefarious activities and some have been caught transporting weapons for the LTTE, providing technical expertise, giving sophisticated equipment even vehicles and providing covert assistance to the LTTE.</span></div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">The Church</span></b></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">Western imperialism is always pushed via the Church and many of the NGOs are church-based as it provides a great cover. Moreover the new cults created are another source of converting and controlling the minds of natives to align with their agendas. The links to LTTE with the Church is something not many would like to acknowledge but the links cannot be denied or refuted and none are willing to even launch an investigation knowing the outcome.</span></div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">What are the lurking dangers in store for Sri Lanka?</span></b></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">That the Tamils who had used LTTE to better their personal lives may be ignorant of the larger picture is something we need to accept, that the Tamil leaders and LTTE Diaspora may have compromised their own people for personal benefit by deals struck with the West & India is likely to eventually lead not only Tamils to suffer but the entire nation as well.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">Let us again repeat, the whole Kosovo independence was a farce. Serbs were chased out just as Sinhalese and Muslims were chased out of the North to style an argument called ‘homeland’ and ‘self-determination’. The genocide claims were used in Yugoslavia war as well and these were all used to enable the West to set up a military complex in Kosovo to use as a watch tower on Russia and China. The KLA – Kosovo Liberation Army like the LTTE were drug smugglers and the narcotics trade is one source of income to Western governments who money launder these illegal earnings. Kosovo is not a hub for transit of drugs from Afghanistan to Europe. Sri Lanka is in a great sea trade lane. India’s role in this is certainly confusing for it appears India has been led up the garden path satisfying its own complexes and making India lose focus that eventually what happened to Yugoslavia is destined to happen to India.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">Knowingly and unknowingly our own people have carved out Sri Lanka’s down fall. Politicians have played footsie and functioned with selfish motives and the foreigners have returned to prey. The West goes for the kill and has no empathy or believe in reciprocation – they simply take the loot and disappear leaving a conflict ridden nation to fend for themselves. Even the local friends are eventually eliminated to cover their allegiance and links… the truth comes out far too late.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">Can we salvage the situation? Only if we can unite.</span></div>
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<b><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Eras Demi ITC', sans-serif;">Shenali D Waduge</span></b></div>
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<h2 id="comments" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.3em; margin: 30px 0px 0px; widows: auto;">
12 Responses to “Was LTTE bankrolled for different objectives!”</h2>
<ol class="commentlist" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; widows: auto;">
<li class="alt" id="comment-68837" style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-bottom-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/783455aa12bd650c4770a561539c2e20?s=32&d=http%3A%2F%2F1.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2Fad516503a11cd5ca435acc9bb6523536%3Fs%3D32&r=G" height="32" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">Lorenzo</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2015/05/27/was-ltte-bankrolled-for-different-objectives/#comment-68837" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">May 26th, 2015 at 3:10 pm</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Very nice to see patriots WAKING UP.</div>
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CRANK UP patriotism to destroy the enemies of the nation.</div>
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<b>Look what is happening in Jaffna. Violence and riots EVERY DAY. Jaffna town, Punguduthivu, Palai, Chunnakam, etc. Yesterday a shooting incident in Batticaloa where one man was KILLED. DE JA VU?</b></div>
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SL Buddhists should not perish like NALANDA Buddhists but FIGHT like SHAOLIN Buddhists. They have a duty to protect the teachings that will survive here in SL for the longest. It is a DUTY not a choice.</div>
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Hyenas will hopefully run away from SL than face the awoken lion from a LONG LONG sleep.</div>
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<li id="comment-68839" style="font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" src="http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/446ce7589e41ff799a4fa119ecc31a49?s=32&d=http%3A%2F%2F0.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2Fad516503a11cd5ca435acc9bb6523536%3Fs%3D32&r=G" height="32" style="border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">Independent</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2015/05/27/was-ltte-bankrolled-for-different-objectives/#comment-68839" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">May 26th, 2015 at 4:14 pm</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Looks like Loren has taken the batten from Ben.</div>
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Here Shenali has forgotten yet another trick by Tamil Speratists.</div>
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<b>Very good example Sinhala Buddhists should take up is Israel.</b></div>
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Israel was created by the west chasing away the Palestinians who have been living there for 1000 years.</div>
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What is the argument ? well, the reason is Jews lived there earlier than 1000 AD. So one animal shamelessly builds a house on a land stolen by force by Zionists and call it “this is my land”.</div>
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The <b>Ultimate Aim </b>of Tamil Separatists ( represented by Loren and supported by Ben) is exactly the same. However , it is difficult to show evidence that “Tamils” owned the island before even Vijaya came. So they have commenced the well planned action of changing Sinhala names to Tamil names. This was started 50 years ago according to my ex Tamil friend who confessed to me.</div>
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They will say the DO NOT support separatism (typical Tamil Lying machine – born that way) and they want UNITARY (not united) Sinhale now for the time being. 6 year ago hate our Army, 5 years ago, support MR, few month ago, My3, now back to MR and very soon may be another one – but the real intention will not change. That is keeping on insisting “Tamil” names.</div>
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Wellavathai for වැල්ලවත්ත and NOT Wellawatte as most people write.<br />
Thutugemunai for දුටුගැමුණු and not Dutugemunu as most people write.<br />
Kassy Appa for කාශ්යප but not as Kashyapa<br />
Thathsenen for ධාතුසේන but not as Dhatusena<br />
Raman for මුගලන් – here he creates a new name as he hates Buddhism</div>
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He will create more names and subtlety introduce it in the web. I challenge this shameless ruthless killing supporter to use the proper Sinhala name. He learned Sinhala for 10 years in Sir Lanka as a kid. He knows the proper pronunciation. There is no excuse.</div>
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Actually , a real Sinhala Buddhst government should not allow using names like “Yalpanam” and must insist on using one name යාපනය if we Sinhalese are not sleeping. See whether these pretenders agree with that too.</div>
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<li class="alt" id="comment-68844" style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-bottom-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" src="http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/6304195e4a39e57a133f9fcaaca770a1?s=32&d=http%3A%2F%2F0.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2Fad516503a11cd5ca435acc9bb6523536%3Fs%3D32&r=G" height="32" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">Christie</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2015/05/27/was-ltte-bankrolled-for-different-objectives/#comment-68844" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">May 26th, 2015 at 6:47 pm</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Namaste: ශෙනාලි ඉන්දියානු අදිරද ත්රස්ත වාදය මොහන්දාස් කරම්චාන්ඩ් ගාන්ඬි, චන්ද්රා බෝසේ හා ජවහර්ලාල් නේරු පටන් ගත්ත දෙයක්. මේ තුන්දෙනා තමයි අපේ සහ ඉන්දියානු යටත්විජිත වල ඉන්න මුල් පදින්චි කාරයින්ගෙ මුල්ම හතුරො. මොහන්දාස් කරම්චාන්ඩ් ගාන්ඬි 1920 ගනන්වල යාපනයට ඇවිල්ල ඉන්දියානු පරපෝශිතයන්ගේ ජඩවාදයට අඩිතාලම දැම්මෙ. සින්හලයන් මරා දැමීමේ ඉන්දියානු අඩිතාලම දැම්මෙත් ඒ කාලයේමය. ලන්ඩනයේ ඉගෙනගනිමින් සිටි පසුව හැන්ඩි පවුලේ කාන්තාවක් හා විවාහූ එකල ඇමෙරිකානු බැප්ටිස්ට් ආගම වැලඳගත් පුද්ගලයෙකි. පසුව 1950 හා 1960 ගනන්වල මෙම අඩිතාලම මත සින්හලයින් කොටස්වලට බෙදා දැමීමත් ඇරඹුනි. 50ස් ගනන්වවල බන්ඩාරනායකගේ ශ්රීලන්කා නිදහස් පක්ෂයද 60ට ගනන්වල ලන්ඩන්වල පටන්ගත් ඊරෝස් ද හොඳම උදාහරනයන්ය. මෙම ඉන්දියානු ජඩවාදයෝ ඒ සමගම සින්හල මරුවන්වූ ජේ වී පී යද පටන්ගත්තෝය. Jai Hind</div>
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<li id="comment-68858" style="font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/d92cef0d6b864c51ae40f41568aa5325?s=32&d=http%3A%2F%2F1.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2Fad516503a11cd5ca435acc9bb6523536%3Fs%3D32&r=G" height="32" style="border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">SA Kumar</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2015/05/27/was-ltte-bankrolled-for-different-objectives/#comment-68858" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">May 27th, 2015 at 2:03 am</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
President Sirisena’s so-called ‘national governments’.!<br />
Well done President your suprise visited to Japanaya ! no Army ,only Baila what a simple visit !!!!<br />
Long life to Hon People Kirama sevaka President MS. At last Mother Lanka got it .</div>
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<li class="alt" id="comment-68868" style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-bottom-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" src="http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/462bcf9bbc0d0e10616cae8805b953e9?s=32&d=http%3A%2F%2F0.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2Fad516503a11cd5ca435acc9bb6523536%3Fs%3D32&r=G" height="32" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">Fran Diaz</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2015/05/27/was-ltte-bankrolled-for-different-objectives/#comment-68868" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">May 27th, 2015 at 6:13 am</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Well done, Shenali !<br />
You have exposed the cracks in the fabric of Lanka.</div>
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———–</div>
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There is one more large crack to be exposed and that is LANGUAGE. As Lorenzo points out, there is a creeping sickness happening through NAME CHANGE of places to suit Tamilisation of Lanka.</div>
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One way to stop the rot is to REMOVE the Tamil language as an Official/National Language. For example, if Britain had the French language as an Official/National Language there, Britain would by now be over run with the French. They are not as stupid as our past leaders of Lanka to hand over their country in a platter.</div>
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Lorenzo is right. Wake up Lanka or become an appendage of Tamil Nadu. Our leaders will have to prostrate themselves on the ground in front of Jaya ! What a sight to behold ! The Unpatriotic Non-National Party (the UNP) leader, Sir Ranil, has also gone a far to remove the Northern Naval training camp too. Unless the coastlines are guarded against illegal migrants Lanka will be over run with Tamil illegal migrants. There are some 15 Million Tamils of Dalit origin who want to leave Tamil Nadu.<br />
The UNP is unaware of this ??</div>
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<li id="comment-68871" style="font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/d92cef0d6b864c51ae40f41568aa5325?s=32&d=http%3A%2F%2F1.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2Fad516503a11cd5ca435acc9bb6523536%3Fs%3D32&r=G" height="32" style="border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">SA Kumar</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2015/05/27/was-ltte-bankrolled-for-different-objectives/#comment-68871" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">May 27th, 2015 at 6:51 am</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
machang Independent</div>
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King Ravanan is Buddhst so Lord Bhudda is old than King Ravana ???</div>
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Anpudan …<br />
Machan Hela Damila (Eelath Thamilan)</div>
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<li class="alt" id="comment-68872" style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-bottom-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" src="http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/462bcf9bbc0d0e10616cae8805b953e9?s=32&d=http%3A%2F%2F0.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2Fad516503a11cd5ca435acc9bb6523536%3Fs%3D32&r=G" height="32" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">Fran Diaz</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2015/05/27/was-ltte-bankrolled-for-different-objectives/#comment-68872" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">May 27th, 2015 at 8:12 am</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
typo correction. Read as ” … has gone too far …”</div>
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—–</div>
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Also in place is Ms Radhika C., the famously R2P person. This is so that ‘divorce’ can happen in Mother Lanka in case of riots as in 1983 ?<br />
Sir Ranil is transparently far thinking ?<br />
Let us recall with sorrow the trumped up RIOTS of 1983 which was the start of problems in Lanka with real foreign interference in internal matters. The same cycle begins again ? :</div>
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Demand by Tamil leaders for seperatism (this time Federal state per Wigneswaran & PC of North) > this time Rape /murder of a young innocent Tamil school girl – 3 residents of Jaffna are the chief suspects > Riots > complaints re Northern Police > Hartal (closure of shops etc) > have Tamil Genocide week > draw public attention to North again > hope for Riots to spread > this time hoping R2P goes into action ??</div>
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Forewarned is forearmed.</div>
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<li id="comment-68873" style="font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/76d664b251632386b6dcd7958f66d51c?s=32&d=http%3A%2F%2F1.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2Fad516503a11cd5ca435acc9bb6523536%3Fs%3D32&r=G" height="32" style="border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">Cerberus</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2015/05/27/was-ltte-bankrolled-for-different-objectives/#comment-68873" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">May 27th, 2015 at 11:48 am</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
This is an old one which I think was put out by Lorenzo but worth re-reading.Who are the real owners of Sri Lanka?</div>
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Posted on May 26th, 2015</div>
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– Kumar Moses</div>
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Now the Sinhalese are challenged in their home turf. We are told Sinhalese don’t have a homeland despite sacrificing 26,010 Sinhala lives (out of 26,559 total) in the war. Did the Sinhalese die fighting a war with so much passion not knowing it is their only homeland? If Sinhalese had a separate homeland, they would have left there without fighting a war which no one wanted. It defies logic.</div>
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….</div>
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A very interesting comment on a website by a Tamil Christian is being shared to convey who the real owner of Sri Lanka is in very simple terms.</div>
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Here is what he writes:</div>
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Being a Tamil Christian, I believe Sri Lanka is a SINHALA BUDDHIST country.</div>
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Let`s play a game.</div>
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1. Show me where is Tamil Hindu country?</div>
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Tamil Nadu. Good.</div>
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2. Show me a English Anglican country?</div>
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England. Good.</div>
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3. Show me a Hindi Hindu country?</div>
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India. Good.</div>
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4. Show me an Islamic Arabic country?</div>
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Saudi. Good.</div>
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5. Now show me the Sinhala Buddhist country?</div>
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????</div>
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It is now called Sri Lanka. Correct name Sinhela.</div>
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Did God Jesus Christ visit Sri Lanka? NO.</div>
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Did Prophet Mohammad visit Sri Lanka? NO.</div>
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Did Krishna visit Sri Lanka? NO. (Rama did visit Sri Lanka but to destroy it.)</div>
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Did Buddha visit Sri Lanka? Oh! Yes!</div>
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So it is a Buddhist country. Sri Lanka is the ONLY country Buddha visited BY CHOICE. He was in Nepal/India so he had no choice there. But the moment he got a choice, where did he visit? Sri Lanka</div>
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So this is why Sri Lanka is the Sinhala Buddhist country.</div>
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But some foolish Sinhala Buddhists have out of GENEROSITY given up their claims. So all the cats and dogs have started to claim the house as theirs.</div>
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If you still don`t believe it let me explain from the Bible Wise King Solomon.</div>
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Once upon a time there was a very wise king by the name Solomon</div>
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He was the king, army commander, the judge and the jury and the parliament. Somewhat like MR.(I like this!)</div>
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One day 2 women came to him claiming ONE baby as theirs. 2 mothers 1 baby!</div>
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King asked, Yako, whose son is this?</div>
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MINE! Screamed both women.</div>
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Then the king asked, whose son is this?</div>
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MINE! Screamed both women.</div>
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hmmmm thought the wise king. He ordered a soldier to cut the baby into half and give each half to each woman. Then ONE woman came to the baby`s rescue and stopped the king. She begged to spare the baby.</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
So the king found the OWNER of the baby!</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
And he hacked the other FAKE woman to death.</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
When Norway, UK, India, USA, UNHRC, LTTE, PLOTE, IPKF, Tamil MODA-RATES, etc. tried to CUT SL into halves, who came forward to defend it?</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Muslims? NO.</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Tamils? NO.</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Europeans? NO.</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
(Well VERY few of them DID come forward UNDER the leadership of real owners).</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Sinhalese. YES. Like the REAL mother of that baby, Sinhalese came forward to defend their baby Sri Lanka.</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
That establishes who the REAL OWNER of Sri Lanka is.</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
(I know we are not as wise as King Solomon, but we are enough intelligent to get it, aren`t we?)</div>
</li>
<li class="alt" id="comment-68880" style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-bottom-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" src="http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/462bcf9bbc0d0e10616cae8805b953e9?s=32&d=http%3A%2F%2F0.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2Fad516503a11cd5ca435acc9bb6523536%3Fs%3D32&r=G" height="32" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">Fran Diaz</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2015/05/27/was-ltte-bankrolled-for-different-objectives/#comment-68880" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">May 27th, 2015 at 4:29 pm</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
When a country has 74% majority of a certain group, then that is the predominant culture. The rest are welcome to live in peace. Constant bickering over territory and division of the country will not help the others.</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
I wonder what would happen if these minorities who are now in various western countries want territorial rights there ?</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Tamil Homeland is in TAMIL NADU. If they do not like it there, then either change matters there, or fit into the host countries as others do.</div>
</li>
<li id="comment-68888" style="font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" src="http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/446ce7589e41ff799a4fa119ecc31a49?s=32&d=http%3A%2F%2F0.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2Fad516503a11cd5ca435acc9bb6523536%3Fs%3D32&r=G" height="32" style="border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">Independent</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2015/05/27/was-ltte-bankrolled-for-different-objectives/#comment-68888" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">May 27th, 2015 at 7:02 pm</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Lingam,<br />
There you go similar to Lorenzo you say “Rawanan” instead of “Rawana”.</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
We are not attached to Buddha like Muslims to Allah or Christinas to God or to Siva / Krishna and thousand more to Hindus.<br />
Buddha is not a “person”. There were thousands of Buddhas in the past in different Solar systems.</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Whether Buddha came before Rawana or after is irrelevant.</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
What is relevant is Buddhas are enemies of Lingams. They hate Buddhas but quote him whenever a Sinhala Sahodaraya makes a mistake.<br />
Lingams can kill, steal, rape, but no problem …. but Sinhalas cannot , because they are Buddhists.</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Lingams killed thousands of innocent civilians – no problem, when Lingams get killed in the battle it is Genocide.<br />
Many girls are raped killed in Sri Lanka by various Lingams but 1 girl raped and killed by Lingams- our President had to go and say sorry .</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
No logic in this argument Machang.</div>
</li>
<li class="alt" id="comment-68902" style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-bottom-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/d92cef0d6b864c51ae40f41568aa5325?s=32&d=http%3A%2F%2F1.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2Fad516503a11cd5ca435acc9bb6523536%3Fs%3D32&r=G" height="32" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">SA Kumar</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2015/05/27/was-ltte-bankrolled-for-different-objectives/#comment-68902" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">May 28th, 2015 at 2:29 am</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Tamil Homeland is in TAMIL NADU- agreed but We-Hela Demila home land is Mother Lanka (TE)<br />
74% – have Sinhala Lanka 26% have TE !!! 100% have United Mother Lanka .( You know We know when to call UD of TE that is different mater)</div>
</li>
<li id="comment-68911" style="font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/d92cef0d6b864c51ae40f41568aa5325?s=32&d=http%3A%2F%2F1.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2Fad516503a11cd5ca435acc9bb6523536%3Fs%3D32&r=G" height="32" style="border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">SA Kumar</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2015/05/27/was-ltte-bankrolled-for-different-objectives/#comment-68911" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">May 28th, 2015 at 6:03 am</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Independent</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
I mean Bhudda that is Gautama Buddha Born c. 563 BCE or c. 480 BCE you know that .</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Rawanan King of Ilanka puri is Sivas (Lingam/Sangar) devotee.</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
No logic in this argument, Machan We lived together ( fight time to time) more than 2,500 years in mother lanka according to our Mahavamsam.</div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
We are two different community<br />
mahang – manchan<br />
japanaya- Jalpanam<br />
Mahavamsa- Mahavamsam<br />
Hela – Eelam<br />
Amme – Amma<br />
Akke – Akka<br />
Modaya – Sakkiliyar !!!! Happy now .</div>
</li>
</ol>
සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-62850739315691168362015-05-08T07:24:00.003+05:302015-05-08T19:00:41.535+05:30ජාතික ගැටලුවට මුල සුලුජාතින් සිංහල බෞද්ධ සංස්කෘතිය පිළිගැනීමට ඇති අකමැත්ත <h3>
<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_qeMDeArKHs&feature=em-upload_owner#action=share" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-size: large;">ජාතික ගැටලුවට මුල සුලුජාතින් සිංහල බෞද්ධ සංස්කෘතිය පිළිගැනීමට ඇති අකමැත්ත </span></a></h3>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-18092647658969946992015-05-02T07:43:00.000+05:302015-05-02T07:43:15.544+05:30Kandy: the roots of the rebellion<h2>
Kandy: the roots of the rebellion</h2>
<center>
<i>Our history is replete with instances where the country</i>
<i>was mercilessly plundered by invaders. As we mark fifty</i> <i>years
as a free nation, <b>Dilrukshi Handunnetti</b> looks at the</i> <i>Kandyan
rebellions against the British which assume particular significance as
protest groups oppose the visit of Britain's Prince Charles for the Independence
celebrations</i> </center>
<span>S</span>inhalese rulers were not the most prudent and
wise when employing tactics to be rid of foreigners. They made the repeated
mistake of trying to play one group against the other which culminated
in the fall of the Kandyan Kingdom in 1815- making every inch of this country
the territory of the British Crown.<br />
When the British arrived in ancient Ceylon, the country was being governed
by the Dutch East India Company which was shrewdly monopolizing trade and
export in Ceylon at that time. Whilst ruling the Maritime Provinces, the
Dutch also had established links with the Kandyan Kingdom in order to obtain
certain concessions. They disliked these methods. Jan Schreuder, Dutch
Governor from 1757-1762 recorded, "We cannot even stir, if we did
not play the crouching little dog to the Court which is not amenable to
reason."<br />
According to historians, the tussle between the Dutch authorities and
the Kandyan rulers existed for a long time, and owing to the monopolistic
attitude of the Dutch, the Kandyans with much reservations decided to accept
the British offer of help. The animosity between the Dutch and the Sinhalese
grew especially with the introduction of new taxes in the areas governed
by the Dutch. <br />
When the British became the masters of the Dutch possessions in Ceylon
in 1796, the desire to capture the rest of the territory bringing it entirely
under the King of England also increased. But as England was at war with
Holland, the Dutch East India Company was allowed to manage the affairs
of the island for the time being, and Ceylon became part of the territory
governed by the Governor in Madras.<br />
Many British delegations seeking to arrange treaties of alliance between
the British and the Kandyans failed. After a turbulent period of civil
dissatisfaction, Ceylon was declared a Crown Colony and Frederic North
(subsequently the 5th Earl of Guildford) became the first Governor. <br />
North despite his state craft and shrewdness made several mistakes during
his rule. He realised the country's potential and the benefits the British
could derive by bringing the Kandyan Kingdom under the Crown. <br />
What paved the way for the fall of the Kandyan Kingdom which appeared
indestructible to the forces outside, was the death of King Rajadhi Raja
Sinha in 1798 leaving no children.<br />
It is his first Adigar Pilima Talawe who promoted a Malabar Prince named
Kannasami who was a nephew of one of the King's wives. He had no right
to the throne as other close relatives were alive. Kannasami had no proper
education and was considered young and immature. But these disadvantages
were overlooked by Pilima Talawe who intended the king to be a mere puppet
in his hands. Certain historians have been kinder to Pilima Talawe- attributing
his zeal to the noble cause of restoring the Sinhala Dynasty, for he himself
was a descendant from the Royal family of Ceylon. The Adigar's efforts
paid off when Kannasamy ascended the throne as Sri Wickrama Rajasighe.
As Rajadhi Rajasinghe's relatives were imprisoned and his second Adigar
was killed by Pilima Talawe, the former king's brother in law Muttusamy
who was the rightful heir, sought protection from the British.<br />
Pilima Talawe provoked the British on many occasions to make them wage
war against the Kandyan Kingdom. From 1803 there had been sporadic fighting.
Despite the lack of intense fighting, there was civil unrest and disenchantment.<br />
Maitland who succeeded Governor North, tried to understand the native
culture. He was greatly assisted in this endeavour by John D'Oyly who had
mastered the language of the country thereby establishing good links with
the Sinhalese, and earned their much needed respect and trust. D'Oyly contributed
largely to the expansion of the Bogambara Lake, and imposed severe penalties
on British subjects who infringed upon the rights of the Ceylonese. All
this culminated in his gradually winning many Kandyan leaders to his side.<br />
<img align="LEFT" alt="Sir Robert Brownrigg" border="1" height="183" hspace="10" src="http://www.sundaytimes.lk/980201/pl6e.jpg" width="132" />The
significant changes in the Kandyan Kingdom took place during the tenure
of Sir Robert Brownrigg who succeeded Sir Thomas Maitland in 1812. Whilst
improving the living conditions of the people, Brownrigg also invited the
various Missions to establish themselves here. As a result, the Baptist
Missionaries came in 1812, Wesleyan Missionaries in 1814, American Missionaries
in 1816 and the Church Missionaries in 1818. <br />
Meanwhile, the young king had embarked upon a course of tyrannical rule.
But the King committed his ultimate mistake when he employed brutal methods
to kill Ehelepola Adigar's entire family. This brutal act shocked the people
and led to a week of mourning. This thrust the Adigar in to the arms of
the British, and Brownrigg promised all support to relieve the Adigar of
his suffering. The king also provided the much awaited excuse when he tortured
ten native traders who were British subjects, hence leading to the proclamation
of war against him in January 1815.<br />
The Proclamation stated that the war was not against the Kandyan nation
but against the King who had by the violation of the every religious and
moral law, become an object of abhorrence to mankind. It promised the Kandyans
full protection of person and property. <br />
Several days later, the Kandyan Convention was signed on the 2nd day
of March, 1815, at the Palace of the city of Kandy. The signatories to
the convention were Robert Brownrigg, Governor over the British Settlements
and Territories in the Island of Ceylon and ten representative Adikars,
Dissaves and other Chiefs of the Kandyan Provinces. <br />
The shrewd British rulers capitalizing on the sentiments of the inhabitants
who had faced a tyrannical rule under Sri Wickrama Rajasinghe, pressed
the point in the Treaty's 1st clause that emphasised the cruelties of the
Malabar ruler, for his arbitrary and unjust infliction of bodily tortures
and the pains of death, - the cited reason for dethroning the king. <br />
Clause five of the Kandyan Convention held Buddhism inviolable, and
its temples and priests were to be protected and maintained as before,
and the laws of the country were not to be amended and the king's levies
were to be levied as before. The Brtish agreed to this as they saw no other
way to get the Kandyan aristocracy to accept them without the protection
clause. <br />
The absorption of the old Kandyan Kingdom to the British administration
posed serious problems to the British in making it part of the Crown Colony
of Ceylon as the British had consented to the continuation of the traditional
administration of the Kandyan Kingdom with the signing of the Convention.
Here it was specified that the British would administer the Kandyan region
without much change, according to the laws, institutions and customs established
and in force amongst them. However, the British retained the right to introduce
any changes as and when they deemed fit.<br />
In 1817, Muslims in the Wellassa area began agitating , demanding that
a member of their community be appointed as Muhandiram. This request was
met. Meanwhile, the fields were destroyed and the British began killing
the cattle for food, driving the natives to a frenzy. The cultural clash
and certain decisions by the British ultimately led to the Rebellion of
1817. The first outbreak was in Uva, with the blessings from the Uva Disawe,
Keppitipola. The rebellion caused heavy losses to both sides. Except for
a few Provinces, the rebellion spread to all parts of the country and the
British sought to suppress the rebels applying the motto by famine, sword
and flame. This revolt exhibited the strength of the British military might,
making Kandyans suffer severe setbacks. <br />
<img align="RIGHT" alt="Sir Edward Barnes" border="1" height="184" hspace="10" src="http://www.sundaytimes.lk/980201/pl6d.jpg" width="132" />A
significant change with regard to Buddhism was made by the British Government
at the same time. As they found that the Buddhist priests were the main
architects of the rebellion, the hostile British created a new agreement
which merely stated that the priests and the ceremonies of Buddhism shall
receive the respect which in former times was shown to them. Despite Governor
Brownrigg's resolve to set up a proper road network which would provide
the British with the necessary access to the hill country, he could do
little to achieve this goal with two uprisings during his tenure. It was
therefore Governor Barnes who fulfilled this objective of the British for
which he took a decade and did so at much cost. <br />
The challenges of governing increased with the crumbling of the economy.
Coffee plantations became non-profit making ventures driving the native
and British cultivators to despair. <br />
The seething hatred was fuelled further when the Governor sought to
impose new taxes-on boats, roads, dogs etc.; Of all the taxes, the road
tax was the most hated as the Ceylonese did not care for new roads and
thought that they were being constructed for the benefit of the Europeans
alone. Every male between 18-60 years excepting a few categories, were
made to compulsorily give six days labour for road construction. It was
misunderstood to be a practice similar to the rajakariya system which was
abolished in 1832. <br />
The rebellion began in the Dambulla area, where people rallied around
Gongalegoda Banda and soon spread to other areas. Many were shot dead on
the spot and their houses were burnt by the British Army which went on
a rampage, burning and looting the properties of the Sinhalese. Puran Appu
was one of the 18 executed following a brief trial by a Court Martial during
this reign of terror.<br />
<br />
Kurunegala and Matale districts were the most affected, and Kandy was
placed under martial law and reinforcements were sought from Madras. In
this backdrop, the Kudahahapola Therunnanse was shot dead at Bogambara
in his saffron robes-insulting Buddhist priesthood and injuring the religious
sensitivities of the people. It was symbolic that monks be executed in
their robes which also marked the destruction of the Buddhist Kingdom by
the British. In less than three months, the Rebellion had concluded. Torrington's
manner of governing the Colony drew much criticism from the British themselves.
A Parliamentary inquiry in Britain followed,resulting in his resignation
in 1850 which marked the end of one of the most turbulent periods in the
history of Ceylon.<br />
<br />
<span style="color: blue;"><a href="http://www.sundaytimes.lk/980201/plus7.html">http://www.sundaytimes.lk/980201/plus7.html</a></span><br />
<br />සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-349647543090160742015-05-02T07:06:00.003+05:302015-05-08T19:06:06.846+05:30The Kandyan Convention and the legality of the Royal Proclamation and Constitutions enacted thereafter?<div class="post" id="post-11986">
<div class="entry">
<h2>
<em><span style="color: blue;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Dr. Sudath Gunasekara. (SLAS) and President Senior Citizens Movement Mahanuwara-</span></span></em><span style="font-size: x-small;">Posted on September 20th, 2010 -<a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2010/09/20/" target="_blank">www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2010/09/20/</a></span></h2>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7uDA1guz_K2zLqeaSXDP9ZrT528ZYV-2PriJdaoaparOIUCLOPzazN9g_V8a9aKM2X6ib6RpLWN6e7ZYsOGUAIgsv_s6RwlPoiRe3RE5JCLpjkfSbLOSqKaFn9E3IU5iIPj8j0rzmPN6u/s1600/Kandy-convention-old-pic.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7uDA1guz_K2zLqeaSXDP9ZrT528ZYV-2PriJdaoaparOIUCLOPzazN9g_V8a9aKM2X6ib6RpLWN6e7ZYsOGUAIgsv_s6RwlPoiRe3RE5JCLpjkfSbLOSqKaFn9E3IU5iIPj8j0rzmPN6u/s1600/Kandy-convention-old-pic.jpg" width="246" /></a></div>
20. Sept. 2010.The
constitution is supposed to be the most sacred document that guaranties
good governance in any country. It embodies the supreme law that
directs and administers its governance. But sometimes eloquent and
cunning interpretations by eminent lawyers and high powered political
power make it a travesty as well. That may be why some times law is
called an ass by some wise men. What I am going to discuss in this paper
below I think will enhance this perception of the law. Any way
constitutions have come to stay as instruments that lay down the
parameters and norms within which a country has to be governed. A
constitution need not be always a written document. As such there are
written constitutions as well as unwritten constitutions; some are both
written and unwritten. The British Constitution is an example for the
later. The unwritten part of a constitution is composed of conventions.<br />
Niti
Niganduwa a treatise of Sinhala law composed during the Kandyan period
gives evidence of a number of ancient legal treaties that had been
composed during the times of the Sinhalese Kings. It has defined law as
the “implementation of the charters of ancient Kings without breach”
(“Niyati ti Niiti”). PƒÆ’-¦rƒÆ’-¾na rƒÆ’-¾juhi panccantta dhamman na
samuccindiyanti ti niti ni pƒÆ’-¾punane”). It further identifies
three broad division in law .They are a) Raja niiti, b) Dharmaniiti and
Loka Niiti. Raja Niti is law laid down by the King. Dharma niiti is law
that is prescribed by the Dhamma; in our case as they appear in the
various suttas. Finally Loka niiti are the conventions that have evolved
over time by popular acceptance which are mostly conventions. According
to the ancient tradition the law is laid down after general acceptance
by the people and it is called Mahasammata, approved and ratified by the
people. In this context ultimately all laws have to be enacted for the
good of the people and therefore they cannot be designed for the benefit
of the Ruler. According to Buddhist teachings, like all other things,
the law has to be there for the good of the many and happiness of the
many. But unfortunately since 1815 during the Colonial times the law in
this country has been designed for the benefit of the British Empire
until Independence in 1948 and thereafter it is often designed more for
the benefit of the native rulers more than the subjects. The successive
events after 1987 have made things worse than ever before. As a result
the legality of our Constitutions has undergone rapid erosion during
these few decades.<br />
In
this back ground the object of this note is to draw the reader’s
attention to some very important legal aspect of our Constitutions
hitherto has not been given serious attention by our legal luminaries or
the general public. I hope this point will open a new forum, for a
wider and open discussion on this issue.<br />
Let us begin with the Kandyan convention of 2<sup>nd</sup>
March 1815. This was entered upon between two parties namely Robert
Brownrigg, Governor and commander-in-Chief of Ceylon, on behalf of the
King of Great Britain and Ireland, on the one part, and the Adigars,
Dissawas, and other principle chiefs of the Kandyan provinces on behalf
of the inhabitants of the Kandyan Provinces (Sinhale) on the other
part. The Sinhala Translation clearly has said that it was an agreement
between the Kingdom of Britain and Sinhale, which meant the whole Island
and its maritime territories including the Maldives Islands and the
ocean around. This historic Convention had only 12 sections and it was
issued at Kandy as a Royal Proclamation on the 2<sup>nd</sup> of March 1815.<br />
The most important features of this Convention.<br />
1 It was a Convention singed between two countries (parties)<br />
2 It was drawn and entered upon between Great Britain and Sinhale<br />
3 King Sri Wicrama Rajasingha and all his relatives and all their claims to the dominion<br />
of the Kandyan provinces (Sinhale) is abolished and extinguished. (Sec.2)<br />
4 The deposed King and all his relatives are declared enemies of the Kingdom (Sec.3)<br />
5 The Dominion of the Kandyan provinces is vested in the Sovereign of the British<br />
Empire to be exercised through the Governors or Lieutenant Governors and their<br />
Accredited Agents (Sec 4).<br />
6 The religion of Buddha is declared inviolable, and its rites, ministers (monks) and<br />
places of worship are to be maintained and protected. (Sec.5)<br />
Of
the above, the item directly relevant to this discussion is no 1. Since
this was an agreement between two parties any amendment to that
instrument, addition or its replacement by repeal needs the explicit
consent of both parties, for such amendment to be legally valid.<br />
But Governor Brownrigg unilaterally
abrogated this Convention by his Royal Proclamation No 21 of 1818. It
declared the supremacy the British Crown, exercised through the Governor
and his Agents and to which obedience of all citizens is due. The
Board of Commissioners and the resident Agents of the Government were
vested with the sole power over the affairs of the territory. This was
issued on the wake of the so-called rebellion 1818. The last section
(56) stated “He (Governor) also reserves full power to alter the present
provisions as may appear hereafter necessary and expedient: and he
requires, in his Majesty’s name, all officers civil and military, all
Adigars, Dissavas and other chiefs, and all other His Majesty’s
subjects, to be obedient, aiding, and assisting in the execution of
these or other his orders, as they shall answer the contrary at their
peril”. <br />
The word Convention was only once
mentioned in Sec 2 just to refer to its date. But nothing was mentioned
about the legal validity or other wise of its provisions thereafter.
This shows the arrogance and the manner in which the Kandyan Convention
has been ignored and abrogated by the British government. Therefore any <em>ex-parte</em>
action will have no legal validity. It appears that there was no
protest by the locals either on this draconian Proclamation by the
Governor. So the presumption is that the Kandyan Convention died a
natural death on the 21<sup>st</sup> of Nov.1818. There is no argument
about the authority of the King of Britain over Ceylon and its
territories even under the Kandyan Convention. But the powers of the
native chiefs were severely curtailed by the Proclamation of Nov 1818.
It also removed provisions of Section 5 of the Convention and it was
replaced with some mild reference to respect to priests and processions
of Buddho religion, adding some new provision to general protection to
all other religions This contravenes section 5 of the Kandyan
Convention. In sum the Proclamation has tightened the grip of the
British authority over the Island and set the process of gradual erosion
of power of the local aristocrats and the Priests<br />
Thereafter
until 1948 this country was governed under royal declarations and
statutes that inherited the illegal Proclamation of 1818. In fact one
can say that even the Soulbury Constitutions of 1948 to that extent was
not legally valid. According to the provisions of the1815 Convention
Independence should have been given to Sinhale as the convention was
singed between Chieftains of the Sinhale and Brownwrigg on behalf of
Great Britain. But it was given to a hybrid State called Ceylon.<br />
There
is also no mention any where in any of the subsequent legislations that
the 1815 Kandyan Convention was repealed, though it was physically
thrown in to the dust bin of history by the British. The 1972 Republican
Constitution repealed the 1948 Soulbury Constitution but it also has
not said anything about the Kandyan Convention. But it had rekindled the
Sec 5 of the Kandyan Convention by inserting Sec 10 on Buddhism. The
1987 Constitution also followed suit. All these law makers appear to
have acted on the presumption that what they inherited from 1818 onwards
was legal. But I think the Kandyan Convention of 1815 is still valid in
law as it had not been legally repealed by any subsequent legislation
up to date.<br />
The
Kandyan Convention was published as part of the legislative enactment
of Ceylon and it is included as a chapter in the Legislative enactment
Vol X1 Chapt.390 (P376-378). It also appears in Vol XX. This was done
when Dr Nissanka Wijeratna was the Minister of Justice in the 1977
government. The person behind this decision was Dr. Harischandara
Wijetunga the Officer In Charge of the Sinhala translation of the
Legislative enactments at that time. There were two other persons
involved in this historic decision. They were W. J. M. Lokubandara, the
present Hon. Speaker and Hector Deheragoda who was in charge of the
English Edition. This also confirms my contention that the Kandyan
Convention is still a living and valid part of our law. It is said that
Brown Wrigg’s 1818 Nov 21 Proclamation was ratified by the British
Parliament. It also now appears as a Chapter in the legislative
enactments of Sri Lanka under Vol XX Chap 638 (P319-329) under the title
Declaration of British Sovereignty. I wonder whether an illegal
Proclamation could be declared legal by such ratification, by the
British Parliament that represents only one party to the 1815
Convention. As such I opine that such ratification by the British
Parliament is null and void. Therefore I think the 1815 Convention still
holds good in law. In this back drop both the Proclamation of November
21. 1818 and all laws enacted after the prescribed date of that
Proclamation and all actions taken there under should stand illegal and
questionable.<br />
One
may get temped to think that this is only wild imagination of one man.
But I think there is a strong and valid point in what I see. Therefore I
invite those interested, constitutional experts, lawyers and all others
interested to initiate an open debate, a serious one too, on this all
important issue at a time of our history when radical changes are taking
place in the political scenario in this country, since Independence<br />
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<h2 id="comments">
8 Responses to “The Kandyan Convention and the legality of the Royal Proclamation and Constitutions enacted thereafter?”</h2>
<br />
<ol class="commentlist">
<li class="alt" id="comment-4645">
<img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" src="http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/48414784be4af08867420f6bda0e83f8?s=32&d=http%3A%2F%2F0.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2Fad516503a11cd5ca435acc9bb6523536%3Fs%3D32&r=G" height="32" width="32" /> <cite>Ramanie</cite> Says:
<br />
<small class="commentmetadata"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2010/09/20/the-kandyan-convention-and-the-legality-of-the-royal-proclamation-and-constitutions-enacted-thereafter/#comment-4645" title="">September 21st, 2010 at 3:36 pm</a> </small>
Dr Gunasekera, I do not think this is “only wild imagination of
one man”- these are very valid points. We need to work on these issues
to sort out exactly where we as a nation lost the plot. At the point of
the granting of “Independence” to SL which in effect ended the deal with
the Queen of England we did not have people who knew our history or
could see the bigger picture in high places. With all due respect to our
‘founding fathers’ of the country we depended on Western educated,
whiskey drinking, tie-coat gentlemen leaders who did not have the
benefit of a ‘swabhasha’ education like we were priviledged to have.
That point in time in 1948 would have been a great opportunity to change
the name of SL back to Sinhale and ask the tranference of power back to
the Sinhale instead of Ceylon. We should also have asked the British to
offer compensation or remedy for the demographic nuclear bomb they
placed under us by way of an army of South Indian immigrant labour force
in the hill country and the divide and rule pampering of the Dutch
imported South Indian labour force in the North. These are Sinhala
grievances that no local or international person is aware of or cares
about. It is time we took notice of how we feel about all this. This
will certainly be a more worthwhile exercise for the other doctors who
write poisonous, malicious, petty, character assassinations in the web.<br />
</li>
<li id="comment-4650">
<img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" src="http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/045a41de16887b7a3633ba83ca00d8b2?s=32&d=http%3A%2F%2F0.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2Fad516503a11cd5ca435acc9bb6523536%3Fs%3D32&r=G" height="32" width="32" /> <cite>M.S.MUdali</cite> Says:
<br />
<small class="commentmetadata"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2010/09/20/the-kandyan-convention-and-the-legality-of-the-royal-proclamation-and-constitutions-enacted-thereafter/#comment-4650" title="">September 21st, 2010 at 8:53 pm</a> </small>
I never heard the NORTH was colonised by the Dutch. Then who were the people in the North when Dutch arrived?<br />
</li>
<li class="alt" id="comment-4655">
<img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/783455aa12bd650c4770a561539c2e20?s=32&d=http%3A%2F%2F1.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2Fad516503a11cd5ca435acc9bb6523536%3Fs%3D32&r=G" height="32" width="32" /> <cite>Lorenzo</cite> Says:
<br />
<small class="commentmetadata"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2010/09/20/the-kandyan-convention-and-the-legality-of-the-royal-proclamation-and-constitutions-enacted-thereafter/#comment-4655" title="">September 22nd, 2010 at 2:02 am</a> </small>
M.S.Mudali,<br />
Mayalee (Malabar) people and Sinhala people. Even the Nallur
Convention was signed in Portuguese and Sinhalese languages. Tamils were
a small minority.<br />
</li>
<li id="comment-4656">
<img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/783455aa12bd650c4770a561539c2e20?s=32&d=http%3A%2F%2F1.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2Fad516503a11cd5ca435acc9bb6523536%3Fs%3D32&r=G" height="32" width="32" /> <cite>Lorenzo</cite> Says:
<br />
<small class="commentmetadata"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2010/09/20/the-kandyan-convention-and-the-legality-of-the-royal-proclamation-and-constitutions-enacted-thereafter/#comment-4656" title="">September 22nd, 2010 at 2:06 am</a> </small>
Malayalee people didn’t create any trouble. In fact they supported
the Sinhalese in fighting off Tamil Nadu invaders and other
kallathonis. Dutch imported farming caste (vellala) people from Tamil
Nadu. If natural migration from Tamil Nadu was allowed there would never
be so many vellalas in Jaffna. If natural migration from Tamil Nadu was
allowed the fishing caste people would be the majority in Jaffna.<br />
</li>
<li class="alt" id="comment-4659">
<img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" src="http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/0c2c468bf3027e1b45dde39d528060bf?s=32&d=http%3A%2F%2F0.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2Fad516503a11cd5ca435acc9bb6523536%3Fs%3D32&r=G" height="32" width="32" /> <cite>Sunil Vijaya</cite> Says:
<br />
<small class="commentmetadata"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2010/09/20/the-kandyan-convention-and-the-legality-of-the-royal-proclamation-and-constitutions-enacted-thereafter/#comment-4659" title="">September 22nd, 2010 at 4:57 am</a> </small>
Lorenzo – I hope you are clearly differentiating between ‘fishing
caste people from Tamil Nadu’ and Kshatriyas. Although I hate even to
engage in a dialogue on caste, I need to clarify a point here (sorry for
the drift on the topic). King Parakramba Bahu the sixth sought the
assistance of mercinaries and Kshatriyas volunteered to protect the
maritime provinces in Sri Lanka. Kshatriyas, Aryan in origin, who were
displaced towards the south of India(lasting 3000 years or more) after
the war with Pandavas, began even speaking Dravidian languages and when
they arrived in Lanka, they never spoke any aryan language/dialect.
Since there were no activity with regards to protection of the shores,
they too began fishing and thats how the great Kaurawas became known as
‘fisher folk’. However they intermingled with Sinhala people and
embrased their culture. Negambo kaurawas still use Tamil for
communication. In fact during Buddha’s time (who was a Sakya an off
shoot of Kshatriyas/Kaurawas) and before his time, the Noble kings and
warriors were at the top of the hierarchy, naturally in Indian society,
then came the priests, followed by Trades people (farmers etc) and
lastly the Slaves. However, the crafty priests, the Brahmins (now
Hindus) concocted the creation theory and put theselves at the top
coming from the mouth of Brahma the creator, and suddenly nobility came
second. The greatest being, Buddha, the greatest king Asoka and the
greatest kings in Lanka were all Kshatriyas/Kaurawas/Sakyans and now
their decendants unfortunately are branded as ‘fisher folk’ which is
pathetic indeed.<br />
</li>
<li id="comment-4662">
<img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/509ede484d264975f1c6bf00e7d3cdef?s=32&d=http%3A%2F%2F1.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2Fad516503a11cd5ca435acc9bb6523536%3Fs%3D32&r=G" height="32" width="32" /> <cite>Gangdhi</cite> Says:
<br />
<small class="commentmetadata"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2010/09/20/the-kandyan-convention-and-the-legality-of-the-royal-proclamation-and-constitutions-enacted-thereafter/#comment-4662" title="">September 22nd, 2010 at 7:22 am</a> </small>
A constitution depend on its origins or the sources.<br />
Decrees, Conventions, Agreements between a occupying force and the
subjects cannot be compared to a constitutin among a group of people.<br />
What is important is the actions of the occupier and its actions.<br />
The problems of Ceylon are not different to problems of the former British Empire.<br />
In the first place is it a British Indian Empire?<br />
For the first time in human hystory the british brougt in ther
partners in large numbers. If not for that british could not have
maintained such a vast Empire.<br />
In nature this type of partners are prasites. (parasites a word I do not like to use but a perfect explanation)<br />
During the Franco -Dutch war the Dutch Studholder asked the british to look after their colonies.<br />
After the war British in their best of morals did not return the Dutch possesion in Ceylon.<br />
When the Dutch governer refuced to hand over, the British brought in their Madras Regiment.<br />
The Dutch Govenor had only one choice.<br />
The new possesions were administred ftom the Indian subcontinent. (British have not finished making India by this time).<br />
They brought in administrators from Malabar coast intead of using the Dutch Administration.<br />
These new administrators screwed (taxed everything and mistreated the
locals) up the locals and cheated (roots of corruption) the British.
The locals killed them as the most of the land was jungle and no
highways and freeways.<br />
Thereafter British engaged the Dutch administrated.<br />
British saw the need for road and the PWD was born. As Ceylon was
close to the South of the subcomtinent most of the workers who came were
from the South, mainly Dravidayans.<br />
By this time slavery was abolished, mechnised transport has begun and mass transportation of of colonial parasites began.<br />
Ceylon, Burma, Malasia, Fiji, Mauritius, West Indies, Uganda, Kenya,
South Africa…….were colonised by the colonial parasites and the British
were the absentee land lord.<br />
Remember Low Caste are not allowed to leave their habitats and all the colonial parasites are High Caste Hindus.<br />
Colder places like Canada, Australia was colonised by the British due to the likeliness of the climate to British Isles.<br />
And no Indian parasites were not allowed in to Australia or Canada.<br />
Australia White policy, Canada you have to go directly from India to
Canada and there were no steamers plying directly between the two.<br />
It is time to decolonise Indian colonies.<br />
</li>
<li class="alt" id="comment-4666">
<img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/783455aa12bd650c4770a561539c2e20?s=32&d=http%3A%2F%2F1.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2Fad516503a11cd5ca435acc9bb6523536%3Fs%3D32&r=G" height="32" width="32" /> <cite>Lorenzo</cite> Says:
<br />
<small class="commentmetadata"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2010/09/20/the-kandyan-convention-and-the-legality-of-the-royal-proclamation-and-constitutions-enacted-thereafter/#comment-4666" title="">September 22nd, 2010 at 8:19 pm</a> </small>
Sunil Vijaya,<br />
That is a completely different thing altogether. By the way I have
absolutely no regard for caste. All I’m saying is had Tamil Nadu people
freely colonized Sri Lanka, the majority in Jaffna cannot be farmers.
They must be fishermen in that case as farmers didn;t leave their
fertile farmland in Tamil Nadu until the Dutch forcibly removed them.<br />
You are referring to the “Warnakulasuriyas” I guess. My understanding
is that they were from Kerala and Karnataka. They have integrated with
all communities very well.<br />
</li>
<li id="comment-35778">
<img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" src="http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/ac3e97a1d3a3738f2a78529555842fd3?s=32&d=http%3A%2F%2F0.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2Fad516503a11cd5ca435acc9bb6523536%3Fs%3D32&r=G" height="32" width="32" /> <cite>samurai</cite> Says:
<br />
<small class="commentmetadata"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2010/09/20/the-kandyan-convention-and-the-legality-of-the-royal-proclamation-and-constitutions-enacted-thereafter/#comment-35778" title="">April 21st, 2013 at 6:22 am</a> </small>
At the time British began to occupy the Kandyan Kingdom it
extended to the North Central and Eastern Provinces – except the coastal
area. The Maritime Provinces were already under foreign rule (the
British having replaced the Dutch). So the Kandyans did not refer to
the coastal belt as part of Sinhale for obvious reasons.<br />
Needless to say, the Kandyan Convention was the outcome of the
invitation extended to that same foreign power to depose King Sri
Wickrema Rajasinghe who had by that earned the hatred of those around
him. The Convention signed on March 2, 1815 was a farce. General Robert
Brownrigg never meant to observe its conditions. Article No. 5 of the
Convention which guaranteed the inviolability of the National Religion
(Buddhism) and the “protection and maintenance of the rites, priests and
temples” was inserted to throw dust in the eyes of the Sangha, the
traditional guardians of the life and liberty of the people.<br />
“In truth,” the General wrote in a dispatch to the Secretary of State
Bathurst, “our secure possession of the country hinged upon this point.
I found it necessary to quieten all uneasiness respecting it, by an
article of guarantee couched in the most unqualified terms,” and he
repeated this assurance to the Sangha of Malwatta and Asgiriya Viharas…
(Revolt in the Temple)<br />
It is hardly surprising the British never intended to honour this pledge.<br />
“The Kandyans,” says Dr. Colvin R. de Silva in his Ceylon under
British Occupation, “had called the Britisher for the sole purpose of
ridding themselves of an unpopular monarch, and they had not
contemplated the establishment of British rule.” <br />
The ascendancy of a Christian government in the Kandyan Provinces
constituted a distinct menace to Buddhism. The Colonial power was never
in truth legally bound to protect Buddhist interests before or after
1818.<br />
These were the circumstances under which the Uva uprising of 1818
occurred. The rest is history. For further background information you
may read Professor Tennekoon Vimalananda’s THE STATE AND RELIGION IN
CEYLON SINCE 1815 (which is the most comprehensive book on this
subject). <br />
It is therefore hardly surprising that the Ceylon we got back from
the British in 1948 was not the Sinhale they occupied in 1815. They had
almost erased the religious and cultural identity of that nation<br />
</li>
</ol>
සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-89351226639965788192015-05-01T23:04:00.000+05:302015-05-01T23:05:59.909+05:30Taming the Tamil Tigers From Here in the U.S. <div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.1440000534058px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0.75em; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="blackgraphtx" style="border: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="graphicboxheader " style="border: 0px; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Taming the Tamil Tigers<br /><span class="blackgraphtx " style="border: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 16px; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">From Here in the U.S.</span> </span></span></div>
<table align="center" border="0" style="background-color: white; color: black; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.1440000534058px; font-stretch: inherit; padding: 0px;"><tbody>
<tr><th style="font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; padding-right: 0px;"><img alt="A woman fighter of the Tamil Tigers takes a shooting position in Sri Lanka in July 2007. AP Photo." class="image-inline" src="http://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2008/january/image/sri_lankaphoto500_011008.jpg" style="border: none; float: none; vertical-align: middle;" title="Tamil Tigers Shooter in July 2007 (AP Photo)" /></th></tr>
<tr><td style="font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; padding-right: 0px;"><div align="center" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="blackgraphtx10" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 10px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 14px; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">A woman fighter of the Tamil Tigers takes a shooting position in Sri Lanka in July 2007. AP Photo.</span></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.1440000534058px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="blackgraphtx" style="border: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="blackgraphtx" style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">01/10/08</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.1440000534058px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="blackgraphtx" style="border: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">As terrorist groups go, it has quite a résumé:</span></div>
<ul style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.1440000534058px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5em; list-style: square outside none; margin-bottom: 0.75em !important; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; vertical-align: baseline;">
<li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="blackgraphtx" style="border: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 16px; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Perfected the use of suicide bombers;</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="blackgraphtx" style="border: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 16px; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Invented the suicide belt;</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="blackgraphtx" style="border: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 16px; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Pioneered the use of women in suicide attacks;</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="blackgraphtx" style="border: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 16px; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Murdered some 4,000 people in the past two years alone; and</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="blackgraphtx" style="border: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 16px; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Assassinated two world leaders—the only terrorist organization to do so.</span></li>
</ul>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.1440000534058px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="blackgraphtx" style="border: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b>No, it’s not al Qaeda or Hezbollah or even HAMAS. </b>The group is called the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) or the Tamil Tigers for short.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.1440000534058px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="blackgraphtx" style="border: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Needless to say, the Tamil Tigers are among the most dangerous and deadly extremists in the world. For more than three decades, the group has launched a campaign of violence and bloodshed in Sri Lanka, the island republic off the southern coast of India.</span></div>
<table align="left" border="0" style="background-color: white; color: black; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.1440000534058px; font-stretch: inherit; padding: 0px;"><tbody>
<tr><th style="font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; padding-right: 0px;"><img alt="Map of Sri Lanka and India with Area of Detail" class="image-inline" src="http://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2008/january/image/sri_lanka_map_011008.jpg" style="border: none; float: none; vertical-align: middle;" title="Map of Sri Lanka and India with Area of Detail" /></th><th style="font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; padding-right: 0px; width: 5px;"></th></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.1440000534058px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="blackgraphtx" style="border: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Its ultimate goal: to seize control of the country from the Sinhalese ethnic majority and create an independent Tamil state. Along the way, it has launched suicide attacks, assassinated politicians (including a government minister this week and even the Sri Lankan President), taken hostages, and committed all of kinds of crimes to finance its operations. The resulting civil war has taken the lives of nearly 70,000 Sri Lankans on both sides of the conflict since 1983 alone.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.1440000534058px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="blackgraphtx" style="border: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b>Why should you care? </b>Certainly because of the suffering and bloodshed that the Tamil Tigers have caused. And because its ruthless tactics have inspired terrorist networks worldwide, including al Qaeda in Iraq. But also because the group has placed operatives right here in our own backyard, discreetly raising money to fund its bloody terrorist campaign overseas, including purchases of weapons and explosives.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.1440000534058px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="blackgraphtx" style="border: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The U.S. government has designated the Tigers a foreign terrorist organization, so their activities here are illegal. And we’re determined to stop them, using the full range of our investigative and intelligence capabilities.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.1440000534058px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="blackgraphtx" style="border: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">In April, for example, we struck an important blow when our <a class="internal-link" href="http://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2007/july/ny_intel071607" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Joint Terrorism Task Force in New York</a>arrested the alleged U.S. director of the Tigers. The man supposedly held several fundraising events at a church and various public schools in Queens and in northern New Jersey in 2004. He is also accused of arranging high-level meetings between the group’s leaders and U.S. supporters.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.1440000534058px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="blackgraphtx" style="border: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">We’ve also arrested another 11 Tamil Tiger-related suspects in the New York City region. And in Baltimore, following a multi-agency investigation, a pair of Indonesian men pled guilty and were sentenced recently for working with others to export surface to air missiles, state-of-the-art firearms, machine guns, and night vision goggles to the Tigers in Sri Lanka.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.1440000534058px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="blackgraphtx" style="border: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b>You can help by being careful with your donations.</b> Like other terrorists, the Tigers have raised funds under a variety of cover organizations, often by posing as charities. A great deal of money, for example, was raised for the Tigers following the 2004 tsunami that devastated Sri Lanka and many other countries.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.1440000534058px; line-height: 16px;">
<span class="blackgraphtx" style="border: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">And please report any suspicious activities to your<span style="color: blue;"> <a class="internal-link" href="http://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">local field office</a></span> or <a class="external-link" href="https://tips.fbi.gov/" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_self" title=""><span class="internal-link" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">anonymously through this website</span></a>.</span></div>
<div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.1440000534058px; line-height: 16px;">
<span class="blackgraphtx" style="border: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12.1440000534058px; line-height: 16px;">
<span class="blackgraphtx" style="border: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></span></div>
<span class="blackgraphtx" style="border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; color: blue; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 16px; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">http://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2008/january/tamil_tigers011008</span></div>
සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-3375700980816603932015-05-01T14:43:00.001+05:302015-05-01T14:43:38.813+05:30සීවි හෙළයට වරද්දපු තැන සහ එය නිවැරදි කළ යුත්තේ කෙසේද?<h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name" style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; font-weight: normal; margin: 0.75em 0px 0px; orphans: 2; position: relative; widows: 2;">
සිංහල ජාතිකත්වය යටපත් කිරීමේ විවිධ කුමන්ත්රණ</h3>
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<span style="font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333339691162px; line-height: 18px;">ඉදිරිපත් කිරීම , </span><br style="font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333339691162px; line-height: 18px;" /><span style="font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333339691162px; line-height: 18px;">- ආචාර්ය සූරිය ගුණසේකර. -</span><br style="font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333339691162px; line-height: 18px;" /><span style="font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333339691162px; line-height: 18px;">- හෙළ ගුප්ත ඖෂධවේදී ආර්. නන්දන</span></div>
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<u><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 20pt; line-height: 31px;">සිංහල ජාතිකත්වය යටපත් කිරීමේ විවිධ කුමන්ත්රණ </span></u><u><span style="font-size: 20pt; line-height: 31px;"></span></u></div>
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<b><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px;">දෙමලුන් මුස්ලිඋමුන් ජාතික කොඩියට රිංගීම</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px;"></span></b></div>
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1948<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> දී ස්වාධීනත්වය ලැබුනේ සිංහල ජාතියට නොව ජාතිකත්වයෙන් තොර වූ යුරෝපිය අනුකාරක ජාතියකටය.ඉංග්රීසි උගත් මොවුහු බොහෝ විට ක්රිස්තියානි ආගම වැළඳ ගැනීම මත විශේෂ වරපරසාද ලැබූ අය වෙති. ඇඳුමෙන්ද </span>,<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">ආහාර පන වලින්ද </span>, <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">භාෂවෙන්ද</span>, <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">සිරිත්විරිත් වලින්ද</span>, <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">ගේදොර යාන වාහන වලින්ද </span>,<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">බෙහෙත් වලින්ද ඉන්ගිසින්ම අනුගමනය කල මොවුන් බොහෝ විට රාජකීය</span>, <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">ශාන්ත තෝමස් වැනි ක්රිස්තියානී පාසල් වලින් අධ්යාපනය ලබා මනසින් එංගලන්තයේ ජීවත් වුහ. ලංකාවේ සිංහල ආහාර </span>, <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">ඇඳුම් පැළදුම්</span>,<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">නිවාස</span>, <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">ඖෂධ</span>, <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">සිරිත් විරිත් සම්බන්දයෙන් ඔවුන් විදේශිකයන් වුහ</span>, <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">කොටින්ම කදත් හමේ පාටත් හැර අනෙක් හැම දේම විදේශිකයා මෙන් වුහ.</span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">පාර්ලිමේන්තුවට තෝර ගනු ලැබුවේ මෙවැනි පුද්ගලයන් නිසා ඔවුන්ගේ මනස හැසිරවීම සුද්දට අවශ්ය ආකාරයට එංගලතයෙන්ම සිදු වුනි. මෙකල රාජ්ය භාෂාව ඉංගිරිසි වූ අතර </span>1956<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> දක්වා එය පැවතුනි. </span>1948<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">පෙබරවාරි </span>4<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> දා ඔසවන ලද ජාතික ධජය වුයේ ශ්රි වික්රම රාජසිංහ රජුගේ ධජයමය. පර සුද්දන් විසින් මෙරටට කුලී වැඩට ගෙන ආ පසුව සුද්දන් විසින්ම ප්රභු තත්වයට පත් කෙරනලද දෙමළ දේශපාලකයන් සිංහලයාගේ ජාතික ධජය පිලි ගැනීමට කැමති නොවුහ. වවුනියා මන්ත්රී ශ්රී සුන්දරලිංගම් කොඩි සටනේ ප්රමුකයා විය. කොඩි අරගලය විසදීමට පාර්ලිමේන්තු අනු කාරක සභාවක් පත් කරන ලද අතර ඊට යටින් ද්වේශ සහගත ලෙස උපදෙස් දුන්නේ සර් අයිවර් ජෙනිස්ය. මහ බ්රිතාන්ය යේ ධජය වන "යුනයන් ජැක් " යනු එන්ගලන්තය</span>,<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">ස්කොට්ලන්තය </span>, <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">වේල්ස්</span>, <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">යන රාජ්යය තුනෙහි කොඩිවල එකතුවය. එහිදී කොඩි </span>3<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> ක් එකතු වූ පරිදි මෙහි සිංහ කොඩිය </span>3<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> කට බෙදිණි</span>, <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">සිංහයා කොටස සිංහලයට දී </span>, <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">කොළ සහ කහ(රන්වන්) තීරු දෙකකක් උඩ සිට පහලට එකතු කෙරන ලද්දේ මුස්ලිඋම් සහ දෙමල ජන කොටස් සඳහාය. මෙය අපගේ පාර්ලිමේන්තුව විසින් පිලිගන්නලද රජයේ කොඩිය විය. මෙසේ ඉංග්රීසින් විසින් තමන්ගේ පාරවල් සැදීමට</span>, <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">වැවිලි කර්මාන්ත ආදීයට ගෙන ආ කුලී කරුවන් වූ මේ මිනිසුන් කොටස් දෙක ජාතිකත්වය තුලට බලහත්කාරයෙන් රිංගා ගත්හ </span>, <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">අද ඔවුන් එම ජාතික කොඩියද උතුරේ එසවීම බලෙන් තහනම් කෙරමින් සිටි</span>, <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">මෙය අපේ බලලොබි අනුවනක් කාර දේශපාලකයින් නිසා සිංහල ජාතියට වෙන වින්නැහියකි. වෙනත් රටක නම් මෙය කෙසේවත් සිදු නොවේ.</span></div>
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<b><u><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">සිංහල දෙමල සහ මුස්ලිඋම් යන ජන කොටස් ශ්රී ලංකාවතුල සමානත්වයට පත් කිරීම</span></u></b><b><u><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"></span></u></b></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">කොඩිය තුලින් ජාතිකත්වයට බලෙන් රිංගාගත් මොවුන් ( විශේෂයෙන් දෙමල පිරිස්) උතුරු හා නැගෙනහිර පළාත් සඳහා වෙනම රාජ්යක් ඉල්ලන්ට වුහ.</span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එසේ තිබියදී </span>1972<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> දී නව ආණ්ඩු ක්රම ව්යවස්ථාවක් (ජනරජ පනත) සකසන ලදී.ඉංග්රීසින්ගේ අනුහසද ඊට බලපා තිබුණි. බ්රිතාන්ය අධිරාජ්යට යටත් සිංහල දෙමල මුස්ලිම් සියලුදෙනා බ්රිතාන්ය යටත් වැසියන් (</span>British Subject) <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">වීම යටතේ මේ සිංහල ජාතියට අනෙක් ජන කොටස් දෙකම සමානතත්වයට පත්කර තිබුණි . එසේම ස්වාධ්නත්වය(</span>Independence)<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">යටතේ සියල්ල පුරවැසියන් විය.එහෙත් නිවැරදි ලෙස නම් විය යුත්තේ සිංහලුන් රටේ ජාතිය ලෙස පිළිගැනීමත් අනෙක්අය පුරවැසින් වීමත්ය . ජාතිකත්වය ගැන කතාවක් නැත. එබැවින් </span>1972<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> ව්යවස්ථාවෙන් කියවුනේ සිංහල දෙමල මුස්ලිඋම් යන ප්රධාන ජන වර්ග තුනෙන් මෙරට ජනගහනය සමන්විත බවය.එතැන් සිට සිංහලයා මෙරට එක් ජන වර්ගයක් පමණි . මෙය වෙස්ට්මිනිස්ටේර් ශ්රී ලංකා ශකාවේ කළු සුද්දෝ අපේ සිංහල ජාතියට ගහපු මාරු පහරකි. මෙතැන පටන් අද වෙන තෙක් ශ්රේෂ්ට සිශ්ටචාරයක් බිහිකළ මෙරටේ අයිතිකරුවන් අද නිකන්ම නිකන් ජනවර්ගයක් පමණි. ලංකාවට තව දුරටත් ජාතියක් නැති විය. මෙම තත්වය යටතේ ජනමාධය මගින් දැන් ශ්රී ලංකික යනුවෙන් අලුත් ජාතිකත්වයක් ඇති බවය හඬ ගා කියයි.</span><span lang="SI-LK"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">අපි සියලු දෙනාම ශි ලාංකිකය ජාතිකයන්ය </span>, <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">සිහල නොවේ. රටද ශ්රී ලංකාව ලෙස . ජන මාධ්ය මගින් මෙසේ හඳුන්වනු ලබීයි. එහෙත් උඩරට ගිවිසුමේ මේ රට සුද්දට දෙනවිට සි</span>o<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">හලේ විය.දැන් </span>40<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">අවුරුදකට වඩා ශ්රී ලංකාව</span>, <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">ශ්රී ලංකික ජාතිය ලෙස ජනමාද්යයේ එය බහාවිත වීම නිසා ව්යාජ රටක් සහ ව්යාජ ජාතියක් බිහි වුනි.</span>1972<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> දී හෝ </span>1978<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> දී ආණ්ඩුක්රම ව්යවස්ථාව කිසි විටක ශ්රී ලංකාව නමැති රටක් හෝ ශ්රී ලංකික නමැති ජාතියක් ගැන සඳහන් නොවේ පාර්ලිමේන්තු පනතකට ජාතියක් හෝ රටක් බිහි කිරීමට නොහැකි වීම ඊට හේතුවය. </span>1967<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> දී ලන්ඩන් විශ්ව විද්යාලය විසින් පෙරාදෙනිය ඉතිහාස කතිකාචාර්යය කේ ඉන්ද්රපාලන් විසින් ඉදිරිපත් කරන ලද යාපන අර්දදිවිපයේ මුල් දෙමල ජනාවාස (</span>early Tamil settlement in Jaffna Peninsula) <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">නමැති පට්ටපල් බොරු සහිත නිබන්දනයට </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">PHD</span> (<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">ආචාර්ය) උපාධිය පිරිනමන ලදී.අපට අද පවතින එංගලන්ත බලපෑම් හමුවේ මෙයද ඉංග්රීසින් විසින් හිතා මතාම සැලසුම්කරන ලද්දක් බවට සැක කල හැකිය.</span>1215<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> සිට (</span>13<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> සියවස) යාපනයේ වෙනම දෙමල රජයක් තිබුණු බවට ව්යාජ කරුණු එහි එදිරිපත් කරේ. යාල්පාන වෛපවමාලේයි</span>,<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">වයි</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">යාපාඩාල් </span>,<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">පරරාජසේකරම් උළේ</span>, <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">කල්යය</span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> මලෙයි </span>, <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">රාජ මුරායි වැනි ප්රබන්ද කාව්ය හා ජන කතා මගින්ය. නමුත් අචාර්ය උපාධිය ලැබීම නිසා මෙය යාපනේ ඉතිහාසය බවට දෙමල උගතුන් ලොවට මුරගා කීවේය</span>, <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">අපී සින්හලුද එයට ප්රති උත්තර නොදී මුනිවත් රකිමින් සිටි.</span></div>
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<b><u><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px;">දෙමල ඊළමේ ඇරබුම</span></u></b><b><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18px;"></span></u></b></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">මින්පසු </span>1976<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> දී ඉහත සදහන් කරුණු (කේ ඉන්ද්රපාලන් විසින් ඉදිරිපත් කරන ලද යාපන අර්දදිවිපයේ මුල් දෙමල ජනාවාස</span><span lang="SI-LK"> </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">නමැති පට්ටපල් බොරු සහිත නිබන්දනයට </span><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">PHD</span> (<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">ආචාර්ය) උපාධිය පපිරිනැමීමෙන් ලදී )වල ශක්තිය මත "ඊළාම් නියාය" ඉදිරිපත් කෙරිණි. එනම්</span></div>
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1. <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">උතුරු නැගෙනහිර දෙමල සම්ප්රදායක නිජ බිම්</span></div>
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2.<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එම නිජබිමේ දෙමල ජාතිය</span></div>
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3.<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">එම ජාතියට ස්වයන් තීරණ අයිතිය</span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> යන ප්රධාන කරුණු </span>3<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> ඉදිරිපත් කරමිනි. මෙය ඉතා ජනප්රිය ජාති වාදී හඬක් විය. </span>1977<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> පාර්ලිමේන්තු මැතිවරණයේදී මෙරට දෙමල ජනතාව විසින් "ඊළම්" සිහිනය සබැහැකර ගැනීම සඳහා තම නියෝජිතයන් පාර්ලිමේන්තුවට පත් කෙරන ලදී. </span>1976<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> මැයි වන විට" දෙමල රාජ්ය පක්ෂය" (දෙමල එක්සත් පෙරමුණ) සටන් කාමී ලෙස "දෙමල එක්සත් විමුක්ති පෙරමුණ" ලෙස සැකසී තිබුණි. </span>1976<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> මැයි </span>5<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> වැනි දින "දෙමල ඊලම් විමුක්ති කොටි" (</span>LTTE) <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">නමැති එහි සන්නද්ධ අංශය අරඹන ලදී.</span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">මැයි </span>14<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> දින වඩුක්කොඩෛ සම්මේලනය පැවැත්වූ සමස්ත ලංකා දෙමල ජනතාව ඊලම් සටන ඇරබීම ඒක චන්දයෙන් යෝජනා ස්තිර කරගත්හ. මෙසේ " ඊනියා දෙමල ජාතිය" තම ඊළම ලබා ගැනීමට සිංහල ජාතිය සමග යුධ මාවතකට පිවිසුනහ.</span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">මෙයට උදව්වක් ලෙස ජාතියන්තර පල්ලියේ බලපෑම මත දෙමල භාෂාව රජය භාෂාවක් ලෙස පිලි ගැනීමට ජේ ආර් ජයවර්ධන රජයට සිදු විය. එකම රටකට රාජ්ය භාෂාවන් කිහිපයක් තිබිය නොහැක. ෆෙඩරල් සමුහ ආණ්ඩුවකට වුවත් ඇත්තේ එක රාජ්ය බසකි </span>, <span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">උදාහරණයක් ලෙස සමස්ත ඉන්දියවේම රාජ්ය බස හින්දි වේ.</span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">මෙසේ දෙමළ ජනතාව තමා ලංකාවේ ජාතිය වීමේ ප්රයත්නය තුලින් ලංකාව ගිල ගැනීමට සැරසේන්නා සේම මුස්ලිම් ප්රජාව විසින් රටේ ආර්ථිකය අල්ලාගෙන ඉඩම් තුට්ටු දෙකට මංකොල්ල කා රට අල්ලාගැනීමට සැරසේ.රටක ජාතියක් බිහි වන්නේ එරටට ගැලපෙන නිෂ්පාදනය (ආර්ථිකය) හා සමාජය ගොඩ නැගිමනි මගිනි එය කර ඇත්තේ අපේ සිහලුන් විසිනි . බ්රිතාන්ය පාලන සමය පෙර පැවති ස්වයන්පොසිත මේ රට ජාතික අර්ටිකය බ්රිතාන්ය අදිරජ්යය විසින් බිඳ දමා සිංහල සමාජය ද අඩපන කෙළේ ලංකාව තම යටත් විජිතයක් කර ගැනීම තුලින්ය. අර්ටිකය අල්ලා ගැනීමට ලෝක වෙළඳ ජාතිය වන මුස්ලිමුන් උත්සහ දරන්නේ ආර්ථිකය හසුරවනන්හට රටක් ද හසුරවා පාලනය කල හැකි නිසාය.</span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">මේ හමුවේ සිංහලයන් නැවත තම නියම ජාතිකත්වය වෙත ලඟාවීමට යුගය එළබි ඇත . භාෂාව , කැම බිම , ඖෂධ, ගේ දොර , ඇඳුම්, චාරිත්ර වාරිත්ර, උත්සව ආ දී සියලු අංශ වලින් සිංහල ජාතිකත්වය ප්රකට කිරීමට අද වන විටද දින කිසිම අපහසුවක් නැත.එහෙත් ඉදිරියේදී මෙය අපහසුවනු ඇත. අප විසින්ම මේ අපේ කම පහත් කර ඉංගිසි , අමරිකානු, වන්නට උත්සහ කිරීමෙන් සියලු විනාශය සිදුවී ඇත. මෙම විව්යාසනයෙන් ගොඩ ඒමට නම් පෙර සේම අප රටට ගැලපෙන සිංහල නිෂ්පාදන ක්රම දක්වා නිවැරදි වන ආර්ථිකයට රටාවට යාමට ඊළඟ පරම්පරාව අධ්ෂ්ටානයෙන් යොමු විය යුතුය .</span></div>
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<b><u><span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;">අද සිට නියම සිංහල ධජය ඔසවමු අපේ ක්රමයේ පාලනයක් ඇති කරගමු .</span></u></b><b><u><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21px;"></span></u></b></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">1948 ඉංග්රීසින් විසින් අපට ස්වයන් පාලනය (indipendance) ලබා දීමේදී ඔසවනු ලැබුවේ රාජසිංහ රජුගේ සිංහ කොඩිය වේ. එවකටත් ලංකාවේ ජාතිය සිංහල ලෙස පිළිගත් නිසාය. එහෙත් අද වන විට අවස්ථාවාදී බල ලොබි ඔල මොට්ටල දේශපාලුවන් විසින් බලලොබය උදෙෂා සුළු ජාතීන්ගේ චන්දයට ගිජුව ඔවුන්ව සතුටු කිරීමට අපෙගේ සිංහල ජාතික කොඩිය වෙත දෙමල සහ මුස්ලිඋම් යන සුළු ජන වර්ග ඇතුළු කෙරන ලදි.</span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">මෙය වෙස්මිනිස්ටේර් ක්රමයේ කළු සුද්දන් විසින් ලංකාවේ අදත් පවත්නා පාර්ලිමේන්තුවේ ශ්රී ලංකා සහ ශ්රීලාකික කොඩිය පමණකි.මෙය සිංහල ජාතික කොඩිය නොවේ. මෙය රජයේ කොඩිය වුවත් මෙරට අයිතිකරුවන් ශිස්ටාචරයයේ උරුමකරුවන් වන අපෙගේ නියම ධජය සිංහල රජ දවස වූ රාජසිංහ රජුගේ ධජයය වේ. එය පාවිච්චිකිරීමට අප හට සිංහලුන් ලෙස අයිතියක් ඇත. එබැවින් අපගේ පෞද්ගලික උත්සව, නිවසේ , පෞද්ගලික වැඩ පොලේ අපේ නියම කොඩිය ඔසවා තැබිය හැක. එබැවින් දැන් පළමු පියවර ලෙස මෙතැන් සිට අපේ නියම හෙළ සිංහල කොඩිය ඔසවා අපේ ජාතියේ අභිමානය පෙරටු කර ජාතිය ආරක්ෂා කිරීම අරභමු,</span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;">ඉංග්රීසින් විසින් රෝපණය රන ලද දෙමල සහ මුස්ලිම් යන පිළිල රුක්ෂ වලට අපේ ඉංග්රීසින්ගේ පාර්ලිමේන්තු ක්රමයේ ඉන්නාවූ කළු සුද්දන් බල ලොබිව පොහාර වතුර දමා මේ පිළිල මහ රුක්ෂ බවට පත්කර තිබේ. මෙම පිළිල වල ආක්රමනශිලිත්වයෙන් සිංහල ජාතියම වැනසෙමින් පවතී . ඒ බව දැන දැනත් මෙම කළු සුද්දන් අදටත් මෙම පිළිල පෝෂණය කරයි. බලයට ඇති කෑදරකම නිසා මෙම කළු ස්ද්සුදන් ඉදිරියත් මෙම පිළිල පෝෂණය කෙරනු ලබයි. මෙම පක්ෂ පාලන ක්රමය තුල සුළු ජාතීන්ට රටේ පාලනයට ඇතුල් විමටත් ඔවුන්ගේ අනසක ක්රමයෙන් පැතිරිමටත් සිංහලයට එරෙහිව හැම අතින්ම නැගී සිටීමට ශක්තිය අවස්ථාව සපයා දෙනු ලැබේ. මේ සඳහා අප දැන්ම වැට බැඳිය යුතු නොවේද? සුළු ජාතීන්ගේ බලය බිඳ , ඔවුන් රාජය තන්ත්රයෙන් අතුග දැමීමට මේ පාර්ලිමේන්තු පක්ෂ දේශපාලනය තුල හැකිද? සිංහලයන්ගේ බලය රැකෙන පෙර රජ දවස මෙන් වූ අපටම ආවේනික වූ පාලන ක්රමයක්, ආර්ථික සමාජ ක්රමයක් නැවත සකසා ගැනීමට දැන් කාලය එළබි ඇත. තීරණය සහ ක්රියාත්මක වීම ඔබ සතුය . </span></div>
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<span lang="SI-LK" style="font-family: 'Iskoola Pota', sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333339691162px; line-height: 18px;">ඉදිරිපත් කිරීම , </span><br style="font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333339691162px; line-height: 18px;" /><span style="font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333339691162px; line-height: 18px;">- ආචාර්ය සූරිය ගුණසේකර. -</span><br style="font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333339691162px; line-height: 18px;" /><span style="font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333339691162px; line-height: 18px;">- හෙළ ගුප්ත ඖෂධවේදී ආර්. නන්දන</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: lucida grande, tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 13.3333339691162px; line-height: 18px;">http://siwhelaya123.blogspot.com/2014/02/blog-post_9.html</span></span></div>
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සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-35457056561227994662015-05-01T14:39:00.000+05:302015-05-01T14:39:11.927+05:30ජිහාඩ් යනු කුමක්ද ?<div data-ft="{"tn":"H"}" style="background-color: white; color: #141823; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; line-height: 14px; orphans: 2; widows: 2;">
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<a ajaxify="/CharaPurusha/photos/a.293316877461364.67497.293305950795790/468623326597384/?type=1&src=https%3A%2F%2Fscontent-sin.xx.fbcdn.net%2Fhphotos-xfp1%2Ft31.0-8%2F1617367_468623326597384_2126259321_o.jpg&smallsrc=https%3A%2F%2Fscontent-sin.xx.fbcdn.net%2Fhphotos-xfp1%2Fv%2Ft1.0-9%2F1932213_468623326597384_2126259321_n.jpg%3Foh%3D4c58e1fe1ba77d6200e6f24c4240e469%26oe%3D55E01E6E&size=2048%2C1536&fbid=468623326597384&player_origin=story_view" class="_4-eo _2t9n" href="https://fr-fr.facebook.com/CharaPurusha/photos/a.293316877461364.67497.293305950795790/468623326597384/?type=1" rel="theater" style="-webkit-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.046875) 0px 1px 1px; color: #3b5998; cursor: pointer; display: block; position: relative; text-decoration: none; width: 470px;"><div class="uiScaledImageContainer _4-ep" id="u_0_7" style="height: 352px; overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 470px;">
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<a href="https://fr-fr.facebook.com/CharaPurusha/photos/a.293316877461364.67497.293305950795790/468623326597384/?type=1&fref=nf" style="color: #3b5998; cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none;">චර පුරුෂ</a></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">1948 දී ලංකා පාර්ලිමේන්තුව ඇරඹෙන විට සිංහල, දෙමළ හා මුස්ලිමුන්ට මහා පොදු සාධකය (ගණිතයේ) බි්රතාන්ය යටත් වැසියන් (British Subjects) වීමය. බි්රතාන්ය පාලනය යටත සිංහල ජාතිය ඔවුන් දුටුවේ මුස්ලිම් හා දෙමළ ජන වර්ගයට සමාන යටත් වැසියන් ලෙසටය. 1833 පිහිට වූ ව්යවස්ථාදායක සභාවෙන් (Legislative Council) සිංහල කතා කරන අයට හා දෙමළ කතා කරන අයට (දෙමළ ,මුස්ලිම්)එක නියෝජිතයා ලෙස ස්වදේශික නියෝජිතයන් දෙදෙනෙකු විය. </span><br /><span style="background-color: white;">1885 දී මුස්ලිම්වරුන් කියා සිටියේ තමන් දෙමළ කතා කළ ද මුස්ලිම්මුන්ට වෙනම නියෝජිතයෙකු අවශ්ය බවය.</span><br /><span style="background-color: white;">එවිට උඩරට පාර්ශවයෙන් කිසිදු ඉල්ලීමක් හෝ හඬක් නැති බව ‘‘උඩරට සිංහල’’ යනුවෙන් වෙනම නියෝජිතයෙකු ඉංග්රීසීන් විසින් ලබා දුන්නේ සිංහලයා උඩරට හා පහතරට .. භේද භින්න කරවීමටය. </span><br /><span style="background-color: white;">මීට මුල් වූ බෙදා පාලනය කිරීමේ බි්රතාන්යය චේතනාව ඉතා පැහැදිලිය. මුස්ලිම් ලීග්, යාපනේ දෙමළ සංගමය හා පහතරට සිංහල වැවිලිකරුවන් එකතු කර 1918 දී ‘‘ලංකා ජාතික සංගමය’’ ආරම්භ විය. බි්රතාන්යය පාලනයට යටත් දෙමළ හා මුස්ලිම් කොටස් අධිරාජ්ය පාලනය යටත තම නියෝජනයක් මිස මෙම රට තුළ අයිතිවාසිකම් කියා පෑමක් නොවීය. ‘‘මුස්ලිම් හා දෙමළ අයිතිවාසිකම්’’ නමැති සටන් පාඨය ඇරඹුනේ 1948 පාර්ලිමේන්තු ආණ්ඩුක්රමය තුළය. </span><br /><span style="background-color: white;">1948 න් පසු දේශපාලන පක්ෂ ක්රමය යටත් ඡුන්දය ලබා ගැනීමේ දී සිංහල දේශපාලනඥයින්ගේ නොදන්නා දේශපාලනය නිසා සුළු ජනවර්ගයන් නළවමින් ඡුන්දය ලබා ගැනීමට රට පාලනය කළ දේශපාලන පක්ෂ පුරුදු විය. මෙය වෙස් මිනිස්ටර් පාලන ක්රමය මගින් සිංහල දේශපාලනඥයින්ගේ ඔළුවලට දමන ලදි. </span><span style="background-color: yellow;">1947 දී එක්සත් ජාතික පක්ෂය සැදුනේ සිංහල මහ සභාව, දෙමළ සංගමය හා මුස්ලිම් ලීග් යන දේශපාලන පක්ෂ එ්කා බද්ධ වීමෙනි. 1948 ඞී. එස්. සේනානායක කැබිනැට්ටුවේ මෙම පක්ෂ තුළින් ආ දෙමළ හා මුස්ලිම් ඇමතිවරු වූහ. එදා ඔවුන්ට වෙනම අයිතිවාසිකම් අවශ්ය නොවීය.<br />1956 මහා මැතිවරණයේ දී තමා ‘‘කඩුගන්නාවේ සිංහල මරික්කාර්’’ බව කියා වේදිකාවේ කෑ ගසා දිනූ සී. එ්. එන් මරික්කාර් කඩුගන්නාව මන්ත්රීට තැපැල් ඇමතිකම ලැබුණි.</span><br /><span style="background-color: lime;">එදා ඔවුන් ආඩම්බරයෙන් කීවේ තමන් සිංහල මුස්ලිමුන් බවය.<br />සිංහලයන් සමග සහයෝගයෙන් හා සහෝදරත්වයෙන් කටයුතු කිරීම එදා මුස්ලිම් ප්රජාවේ ප්රතිපත්තිය විය. සිංහ කොඩියට දෙමළ මුස්ලිම් නියෝජනය ලබා ගැනීම. මුස්ලිම් ප්රජාවගේ ඇස් ඇර වූ පළමු සිදුවීම වුණේ 1951 දීය. එනම් සී, සුන්දරලිංගම් මන්ත්රීවරයා (වව්නියා) මූලික වූ දෙමළ ප්රභූ දේශපාලනඥයින්ගේ කොඩි සටනින් ඔවුන් ජයග්රහණය කිරීමය.<br />(සිංහල කොඩියට දෙමළ නියෝජනය ලබා ගැනීම) සිංහල ප්රභූන් බහුතරයක් සැදුණු ‘‘ජාතික කොඩි කමිටුව’’ නිර්දේශ කළේ දෙමළ සහ මුස්ලිම් ප්රජාවන් ද සිංහ කොඩියට ඇතුළු කර ජාතික කොඩිය අළුත් කළ යුතු (මොඞ්)බවය.<br />නමුත් මුස්ලිම්වරු එබඳු ඉල්ලීමක් හෝ උද්ඝෝෂණයක් නොකළහ. </span><span style="background-color: white;">දෙමළ දේශපාලනඥයන්ගේ ඉල්ලීමට රජය අවනත වන නිසා මුස්ලිමුන් ද ඉල්ලීම් ඉදිරිපත් කළොත් ඡුන්දය ලබා ගැනීමේ අපේක්ෂාව මත එම ඉල්ලීම් ලබාදෙන බවට විශ්වාසයක් ඇති විය.</span><br /><span style="background-color: white;">දෙවැනි අත්දැකීම වුණේ සිංහල රාජ්ය භාෂා පනත සම්මත වීමෙන් පසුව ද උතුරු හා නැගෙනහිර පළාත්වල දෙමළ කතා කරන ජනතාවගේ ඡුන්දය අපේක්ෂාවෙන් එය ක්රියාත්මක නොකිරීමය. පනතට අදාළ ගැසට් පත වරද්දා තිබුණි. </span><br /><span style="background-color: white;">1952 ජනවාරි සිට ‘‘ස්ව භාෂා ප්රතිපත්තිය’’ යටත් රජයේ පාසැල්වල ඉංග්රීසි මාධ්යය අහෝසි වී සිංහල ළමුන් සිංහල භාෂාවෙන් ද දෙමළ හා මුස්ලිම් ළමුන් දෙමළ භාෂාවෙන් ද අධ්යාපනය ලබන්ට විය. මේ තත්ත්වය යටත 1956 දී උතුරු - නැගෙනහිර පළාත්වල රජයේ කාර්යාල සිංහලෙන් වැඩි කිරීමට සිංහල දත් අය නැති බව බණ්ඩාරනායක අගමැතිතුමා හොඳින් දැන සිටියේය. අනතුරුව රට සභා පනත් කෙටුම්පතක් සාදා (ෆෙඩරල් පාලනයකට) භික්ෂුණ් උපවාස කර විරුද්ධත්වය පළ කළ විට අගමැතිතුමා එය ඉරා දැමීය. බණ්ඩාරනායක ප්රතිපත්තිය වුණේ ද අර්ථයකින් තොර ‘‘මැද පිළිවෙත’’ නොහොත් ප්රතිපත්තියක් නැතිකමයි. මේ නිසා ‘‘සෙවල බණ්ඩා හා ඔහුගේ සෙවල ප්රතිපත්ති’’ නැමැති වහරක් රට පුරා ප්රචාරයට පත් විය. </span><br /><span style="background-color: white;">මුස්ලිම් අධ්යාපන ඇමති හෙළ ඉතිහාසය ඉගැන්වීම නතර කිරීම හා විදේශ ආධාර 1972 වර්ෂයේ දී අරාබිය ප්රමුඛ මුළු මහත් මැද පෙරදිග මුස්ලිම් ලෝකයම එක්සත් ජනපදයට එරෙහි ඛනිජ තෙල් සටන ජය ගති. සියළුම මැද පෙරදිග රටවල් එකතු වී ‘‘ඔපෙක්’’ සංවිධානය ද පිහිටුවා ගෙන තම ඛනිජ තෙල් මිල දෙගුණ තෙගුණ කළේය. 1970 දී සටන ඇරඹුවේ ලිබියාවේ ගඩාෆි වේ. </span><br /><span style="background-color: white;">මේ හේතු මගින් තෙල් මිල වැඩි කිරීමෙන් මුස්ලිම් ලෝකය හිටි අඩියේ ධනවත් විය. 1972 දී බිහි වූ ශ්රී ලංකා නව ආණ්ඩු ක්රම ව්යවස්ථාව ම`ගින් ‘‘ජාතිය’’ අතහැර දමා තිබුණි. සිංහල, දෙමළ හා මුස්ලිම් යන ජනවර්ග තුළින් රටේ ජනග්රහණය සෑදෙන බව ව්යවස්ථාව කීය. </span><br /><span style="background-color: white;">බද් - උද් - දීන් මොහොමඞ් මෙවිට අධ්යාපන ඇමති විය. ඔහු ලංකා ඉතිහාසය ඉගැන්වීම නතර කර සිංහල පරම්පරාවට තම පොඩි ඉතිහාසය අමතක කරවීය. </span><br /><span style="background-color: white;">ඛනිජ තෙල් නවෝදය සමග ලොව පුරා මුස්ලිම් ජනතාව පිබිදීම සිදුවුණි. මැද පෙරදිග පොහොසත් මුස්ලිම් රටවල් විසින් මුස්ලිම් සුළුතරයක් සිට රටවල් ‘‘තමන්ගේ මිනිසුන්ට’’ එම රටවල ආර්ථිකය අල්ලා ගැනීමට හා ජනග්රහණය වැඩි කිරීමට උදව් වුණි. </span><br /><span style="background-color: white;">1976 දී කොළඹ පැවති නොබැඳි රටවල රාජ්ය නායකයින්ගේ සමුළුවට පැමිණි ලිබියා නායක ගඩාෆි විසින් මෙරට මුස්ලිම් ජනතාව අමතා ප්රකාශ කළේ මීළග වතාවට තමන් ලංකාවට එන විට ලංකාව මුස්ලිම් රටක් ලෙස දැකීමට කැමති බවය. එරට වැසියන්ගෙන් අඩු කළ 2 1/2% පුණ්ය මුදල් (charity) ලංකාවට ලබා දෙන බව හා ඉන් මෙරට ඇති ව්යාපාර අල්ලා ගැනීමට කටයුතු කරන ලෙස ද දැන්වීය. බටහිර රටවල්වල බැංකු පෙට්රොල්වෙලින් (පැට්රෝලියම් මුදල්) පිරෙන්නට වූ විට ආක්රමණයට පහසු වන ආකාරයට එම මුදල් ආසියාතික රටවල මුස්ලිම්වරුන්ට ලබා දෙන්න විය.</span><br /><span style="background-color: white;">මෙසේ ආධාර ලබා ගත් රටවල් අතර ලංකාව ද එකකි. දෙමළ ජනතාව ඊළාම්වාදය මෙන් මුස්ලිම් ජනතාව ‘‘මුස්ලිම් මූල ධර්මවාදය’’ න්යායාත්මක ආවරණය සැපයීය. සමාජය තුළ මුස්ලිම්වරු මැර බලය තහවුරු කර ගැනීම සහ ආර්ථික කොල්ලය සිකුරාදා දිනවල මුස්ලිම් පල්ලිවල යාඥාව පැය 1/4 ට සීමා වී ආර්ථික හා සාමාජික ආක්රමණය වැදගත් සාකච්ඡුාව විය.</span><br /><span style="background-color: white;">මුස්ලිම්වරු තම මුදල් බැංකුවල ඉතිරි නොකර පල්ලියේ ඇති අරමුදල්වල තැන්පත් කරන්නට වූහ. නැතිබැරි මුස්ලිම් ව්යාපාරිකයන්ට ඇති හැකි අය වීමට ද, පාසැලින් අස් වූ තරුණයන්ට ව්යාපාර ක්ෂේත්රයට අවතීර්ණවීමට ද පල්ලියෙන් උපදෙස් අත දීම් හා මුදල් ආධාර සපයන්ට ද වුණි.</span><br /><span style="background-color: white;">පොතුවිල් වැනි නගර නව මුස්ලිම් ජනාවාස ලෙස නැගී එන්නට විය. ආර්ථිකයෙන් බලවත් වන තරමට සාමාජිකවද තම ආධිපත්යය ඔවුහු ප්රකාශ කළහ. පාසල් ශිෂ්යයන්ට හා තරුණයන්ට සුදු තොප්පිය පැළඳීමට බල කරන ලදි. ශිෂ්යාවන්ට හා තරුණියන්ට ‘‘පර්දාව’’ ම`ගින් මුහුණ හා ඔළුව වැසීමට බල කරන ලදි.</span><br /><span style="background-color: white;">මුස්ලිම් පවුල් හත අටක් පමණක් ඇති විට දී පවා පල්ලි සෑදීමට බල කර ආධාර මුදල් ලබා දුණි. තිබෙන මුස්ලිම් පල්ලි තට්ටු ගණනින් උසට අභිමානවත් ලෙස සෑදීමට මුදල් ආධාර සපයා දුනි. ව්යාපාරික ධනවත් පවුල්වල මුස්ලිම් තරුණයන්ට සිංහල - බෞද්ධ ප්රභූ පවුල්වල තරුණියන් සමග පෙම් සබඳතා ඇති කර විවාහ කර ගැනීමට පෙළඹවිණ. අළුත් කාර්, මෝටර් සයිකල් ආදියෙන් අවුත් ජැන්ඩියට ඇඳ පැළඳගෙන නගරවල කල්ලි ගැසී සිටීම හා තරමක මැර බලයක් පෑම ද මුස්ලිම් තරුණ කොටස් අතුරින් සිදුවිය. මුස්ලිමුන් සමාජයේ විශේෂ සමජ ස්ථාවරයක් බව පෙන්වීමට මෙසේ උත්සාහ දැරිණ. මුස්ලිම් බැංකු ඇති විය. ව්යාපාර කළමනාකරණ උපදෙස් සේවා බිහි වීම ඇරඹුණි.</span><br /><span style="background-color: white;">මේ සියල්ලටම අමතරව ජනග්රහණය වැඩි කර ගැනීමේ උපාය මාර්ග යෙදවිණ. වැඩිවන ජනග්රහණයට අවශ්ය ඉඩම් ලබා ගැනීමට බලහත්කාරය හා උපාය මාර්ග යෙදවිණ. බොහෝ ඉඩම් ද අල්ලා ගෙන ඇති අම්පාර දිස්ත්රික්කයේ පොතුවිල් රෝහලේ ඉඩකඩ ඇති මාතෘ නිවාසයක් තිබිය දී ගැබිණි මව්වරු දරු උපත සඳහා යාබද ලාහුගල රෝහලට ඇතුළු වී දරුවා බිහි කළේ දරුවාගේ නිජබිම ලාහුගල ලෙස උප්පැන්නයේ සඳහන් කර ගැනීමටය. </span><br /><span style="background-color: white;">මේ අතර උසාවිවල ෂාරියා නීතිය අනුව නඩු ඇසීම් ද ඇරඹුණි. අද එවැනි උසාවි දුසිම් ගාණක් මෙරට ඇත.</span><br /><span style="background-color: white;">මේ සියල්ල මෙසේ සිදුවෙද්දී මුස්ලිම් ඡුන්ද තමන්ට නැති වී යාවි යැයි බියෙන් මෙතෙක් රජය කර වූ දේශපාලන පක්ෂ දෙක නිහඬව බලා සිටියහ. අදත් තත්ත්වය එයයි. මුස්ලිම් කොංග්රසය ආරම්භ කිරීම සහ මුස්ලිම් අන්තවාදය වැඩෙමින් එන මුස්ලිම් ආර්ථික හා සාමාජික බලය හමුවේ දේශපාලන බලය ද ඇති කර ගැනීමට ‘‘මුස්ලිම් කොංග්රසය’’ අෂ්රොෆ් මහතා විසින් අරඹන ලදි. බද් - උද් - දීන් - මහමුද් අධ්යාපන ඇමතිවරයාගේ කාලයේ දී වෙනම ඉස්ලාමීය පාසැල් ඇති කළේ රටේ නීතියට පටහැනිවය. </span><br /><span style="background-color: white;">අනිත් ආගම්වලට එරෙහිව සටන් කරන ආකාරය පවා මෙම පාසල් විෂයයන්ට ඇතුළත්ය. 2012 දී දඹුල්ලේ පූජා නගරය තුළ පවත්වාගේන ගිය මහා අනවසර මුස්ලිම් පල්ලිය මෙරට ආන්ඳෝලනයට ලක් විය. එය පිහිටි ඉඩම දඹුල්ලේ උදුමාන් මුදලාලිට අයත් එකකි. එහෙත් මීට අවුරුදු 30 ට පෙරත් මුදලාලි සිකුරාදාට යාඥාවට ගියේ මඩාටුගම හෝ ගලේවෙල පල්ලියටද. දඹුල්ලේ ආර්ථික මධ්යස්ථානය දියුණු වන තුරු දඹුල්ලේ පල්ලියක් නොවීය. නමුත් පූජා භූමියේ පිට පල්ලියකට ඉඩම් ලබා දීමට රජය යෝජනා කළ විට මුස්ලිම්හූ එක`ග නොවූහ. ඔවුන්ගේ ආක්රමණික චේතනාව ඉන් පැහැදිලිය. </span><br /><span style="background-color: white;">එල්. ටී. ටී. ඊ. සංවිධානය 2009 දී වැටීයාමෙන් පසු ඇති වූ දෙමළ ජාතිවාදී පසුබෑමෙන් ධෛර්යය ලබා ඇත්තේ මුස්ලිම් ජාතිවාදයයි. ආණ්ඩුක්රම ලෝකයට ණය වී රටේ නිෂ්පාදනය අඩු වී, සංචාරක කර්මාන්තය මත ලංකා ආර්ථිකය ලෝකයට අදූරදර්ශී ප්රතිපත්තියක් මත රැදී සිටී. </span><br /><span style="background-color: white;">මුස්ලිම්වරු දේශීය හා ජාත්යන්තර වෙළඳාම තුළ බලවත් වූ මූල්ය ශක්තියෙන්ද මුස්ලිම්වරු තමන්ගේ ආගමික නීති ක්රියාත්මක කිරීමේ නීති විරෝධී ක්රියාවල ද යෙදෙමින් තම බලය උර ගා බලති. අයිතිවාසිකම් ඉල්ලා කෑ ගසති. එබැවින් පළමුවෙන්ම මුස්ලිම් අයිතිවාසිකම් මොනවාදැයි ප්රසිද්ධියට ප්රකාශ කළ යුතුය. </span><br /><span style="background-color: white;">ඊට හේතුව එවැන්නක් ගැන රට තාමත් නොදැන සිටීමය. කෙසේ වුවද දේශපාලන ක්ෂේත්රය අල්ලා ගැනීම මුස්ලිම් සිහියනයක් පමණක් වනු ඇත.</span></div>
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මුස්ලිම් තරුණයන් අනිත් සිංහල තරුණියන් දූෂණය වීම සහ අන්තවාදී කල්ලි බිහි වීම.<br />මේ වනවිට නිල නොවන සංඛ්යා දත්තා අනුව මහනුවර ප්රදේශයේ පමණක් සිංහල ප්රභූ පවුල්වල තරුණියන් 3,000 කට අඩු හෝ වැඩි ප්රමාණයක් මුස්ලිම් තරුණයන් විසින් රවටා දූෂණයට ලක් වී ඇති බවට දැන ගන්නට ලැබී ඇත. මෙම තරුණියන්ට සිදු වී ඇත්තේ තමන්ට ලැබෙන දරුවා ද තමන් ද මුස්ලිම් ආගම වැළඳගෙන මුස්ලිම් ආගමිකයෙකු හා විවාහ වීමයි.<br />මෙම තත්ත්වය, ඉතාම මීට වඩා බරපතල ලෙස මාතලේ සහ ගම්පොළ නගරවල සිදුවේ යැයි වාර්තා වේ. අනෙක් පැතිවල ද සාපේක්ෂව සිදුවෙමින් පවතින බවට ද වාර්තා වේ.</div>
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අල් මද්රාස සහ අල් මධුර නමින් 1970 - 1970 රාජ්ය සමයේ ආරම්භ කරන මුස්ලිම් පාසැල් දෙක වෙයි. මේවා රජයේ මුදල්වලින් නඩත්තු වන අතර, මුස්ලිම් ආගම ඉගැන්වීම මුල් කරගෙන ඇරඹී පාසැල් වන අතර අන්තවාදී මුස්ලිම් ආගම බිහි කිරීමේ මූල බීජය ව්යාප්ත කිරීමට අනුබල දීම මෙම පාසැල් මගින් කටයුතු සිදු කරයි. මාලිගාතැන්න, තිහාරිය, නුවර යන අකුරණ පාලන මධ්යස්ථාන ලෙස ක්රියාත්මක වෙමින්, ලංකාවේ මුස්ලිම් පහත සඳහන් කල්ලි ක්රියාත්මක වේ. මජීඩා ජිහාඞ් ඔසාමා ඉස්ලාම් තරුණ ශක්ති සංවිධාන (හකීම් මහතා මූලිකත්වය දරයි.) සමහරක් රහස් සංවිධාන යුධ (මිලිටර්) පුහුණුව ලබා දෙන බවට ද වාර්තා වේ.</div>
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ජිහාඞ් යන වචනයේ තේරුම ආගමික යුද්ධයයි. එනම්, ශුද්ධ වූ යුද්ධයයි.<br />එනම් ලොව මුස්ලිම් අන්තවාදීන්ගේ ප්රධාන අරමුණ ආගමික ආක්රමණ තුළින් ත්රස්තවාදය පතුරුවා බලය පිහිටුවා ගැනීම තුළින් ශ්රී ලංකාව ද මුස්ලිම් රාජ්යයක් ලෙස පරිවර්තනය කර ගැනීමයි.</div>
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උපුටා ගැනීම - ආචාර්ය සූරිය ගුණසේකර.<br />හෙළ ගුප්ත ඖෂධවේදී ආර්. නන්දන</div>
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අපගේ පිටුවට පැමිණ Like කර අපිව සවිමත් කරවන්න - <a href="https://www.facebook.com/CharaPurusha" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none;">https://www.facebook.com/CharaPurusha</a></div>
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සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-27699795728939474792015-05-01T13:54:00.000+05:302015-05-01T13:54:17.182+05:30When will TNA stop using innocent tamils in Sri Lanka?<h1 class="entry_title">
<a href="http://sinhalaya.com/news/eng/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/what-tna-ltte-support.jpg"><img alt="" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-2075" height="239" src="http://sinhalaya.com/news/eng/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/what-tna-ltte-support.jpg" title="what-tna-ltte-support" width="540" /></a></h1>
<span style="font-size: xx-small;"> </span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">September 7, 2011 </span><br />
<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><br /></span>
There was a time when the LTTE terrorist organization self-claimed as
the sole representative of the Tamil people. And at the same time, the
TNA (Tamil National Alliance) behaved in the Parliament in such a way
that they are representatives of the LTTE terrorist organization.<br />
In a nutshell, it was a known fact that LTTE terrorist organization
pretended to represent Tamil People and TNA represented LTTE at the
Parliament, or rather in Sri Lankan Political arena.<br />
<br />
Now, TNA having acquired power in majority of provincial councils in the
North claims oneself as the sole representative of Tamil people.
However, the entire Tamil community has not voted for TNA. TNA was
having talks with the government for issues in the North, but now have
left the discussion table and issued an ultimatum to the government. If
examined closely, one can easily understand that if these demands are
met, the united country will again be divided – the very need of the
TNA.<br />
<br />
Ever since Sri Lanka was liberated from the British Empire, it had been
facing issues because of corrupted malpractices of some of the political
leaders.<br />
There were many at that time – when the freedom was given – who was in
the mindset that the English is “THE” thing and Sri Lanka better be a
colony of the British rather a sovereign country. It was only Abdul Aziz
– a Muslim leader insisted that British should leave the country with
no conditions.<br />
Having said that it’ not to be mistaken as Sri Lanka never had freedom
fighters. Sri Lanka had numerous freedom fighters with immense
patriotism. However, traitors also became stronger while patriots
scarified their lives for the motherland.<br />
<br />
The British giving freedom to Sri Lanka is an impact of India getting
Independence from the British Empire. India and Sri Lanka was rules by
the British under a consolidated fund. When the freedom fight in India
got geared up, British had to let India free which result the British
loosing a huge income. Ruling Sri Lanka incurring a considerable lose
was quite difficult and eventually British let Sri Lanka also free. <br />
Resources and prosperity in Sri Lanka attracted many foreign states
and during the time which British was ruling Sri Lanka, many Indian
immigrants came to Sri Lanka due to that reason. Indian immigrants came
to Sri Lanka under British sponsorship to work on plantations in the
central highlands. Comparing to labour charges, Indian labour was better
and Human trafficking became a profitable business. This illegal trade
made some Tamil laborers richer. <br />
Nobody concerned about the consequences of bringing down Indian
labour, they only thought about the profit they could make. This favored
Indian migrates giving them a better life than the native Sinhalese and
the Sinhalese became an orphan in his motherland. <br />
Gradually, the Indian Immigrants were absorbed to the society
granting citizenship, power of voting and almost every right to
contribute to the country’s ruling, which again made them stronger than
the native Sinhalese. They even got the backing of English and
eventually the concept of separate regions came in. <br />
This so called “separate region” concept had cost many civilian lives
so far. Surprisingly, the Tamil leaders do not see the privileges
enjoyed by the Tamils in Sri Lanka. <br />
There was a constant stream of migration from southern India to Sri
Lanka from primitive times. Arrival of Vijaya (first informal king of
ancient Sri Lanka as per Mahavamsa), Arrival of service castes with the
introduction of Buddhism, foreign traders, struggles between the kings
of Sri Lanka and southern India, arrival of south Indian armies, Sri
Lankan kings bringing down Indian princesses as their queens provide
evidence.<br />
Coming back to the current situation, the issues with Tamil
population is used by some as a political weapon. Though they claim that
the Tamil community faces problems and they are treated as a minority,
none had ever specified what exactly are the issues faced by the Tamils.<br />
Sri Lanka is the only country that has Tamil as an official language.
As far as TNA is concerned, they are not bothered of Tamil issues but
their main intention is to divide the country and get their share. By
division, which problem of the Tamils is solved, is unclear.<br />
Divisions happened throughout the history has done no good. Instead
of addressing the issue of being united and progressing, still both
Indian and Sri Lankan Tamil leaders take advantage of this “made-up
Tamil Problem” with different editions just to settle their political
scores.<br />
Pilgrims getting attacked in South India in the recent times are
evidence as to how bad of the guidance provided by Vaiko, Nedumaran and
Jayalalitha has given to their followers. <br />
However, objection of one Indian Political party has shown over
Channel 4’s intrusion into Sri Lanka’s matters, must be commendable. <br />
Still some political parties directly and indirectly support
separatism and the propaganda of pro-LTTE elements. Thrive for power has
made them blind and they are unknown that their own activities favor
anti-Sri Lankan forces.<br />
Certain parties which once showed immense patriotism by destroying
public property and killing countries valuable intellectuals, is now
worried of how LTTE terrorists were died.<br />
Meanwhile, the TNA has now given the government a 10-day period to
grant their demands in written. TNA is backed by the foreign Tamil
population, pro-LTTE elements and even certain local political figures.<br />
But the government should not obey these conditions. There was no TNA
when the fight against terrorism was occurring. Even when LTTE terrorism
was destroying public property and thousands and thousands of innocent
civilians TNA was favoring the LTTE terrorists. So the government is not
in anyway obliged to TNA to meet any of their demands.<br />
In world politics there are many instances in which the Heads of
States, took precautions to avoid future disturbances with the pro-LTTE
elements. Having sensed the future troubles with the pro-LTTE forces
during the bogus Thimpu discussions, the facilitator, king of Bhutan –
Chanchuk cancelled the citizenship of all non-Buddhists. It protected
the natives’ rights.<br />
Kenya deported everyone who failed to become Africans. <br />
In spite of being a country with higher density of Indian immigrants, Uganda departed all Indians and Asians.<br />
Ruler of Burma, deported all Indians back to India making the native Burmese safe. <br />
Fiji made a constitutional change and was able to shield from Tamil
influence. Similarly, Malaysia, Indonesia and Singapore made
constitutional changes releasing the country from future problems of
Tamils.<br />
Unluckily, the equality policy maintained in Sri Lanka has made the
Sinhalese suffer abundantly by the various injustices caused by Tamil
leaders.<br />
The Thesawalamei Law – A highly race centric discriminatory law has
secured the lands in North for the Tamils. They are allowed to reside
any part in the Island but not Sinhalese. Sinhalese were chased from
Northern and Eastern regions. <br />
According to the 1981 census, the Tamil population in Colombo was
130,210. It is said that Colombo has around 50 newly-built Kovils and
500 churches belong to fundamentalism Christianity. Most of the
“orphans” are now very-well settled in Colombo.<br />
2001 census showed higher density of Tamil Population in the island and by now, the number might have increased.<br />
However, the ethnic clearance happned after 1971, left many Sinhalese
orphans in their motherland. Sinhalese in Northern and Eastern regions
were either chased or killed but it didn’t make sense to anybody. <br />
Activities of certain political leaders along with the support of
foreign Tamil Diaspora and LTTE terrorists favored the anti-Sri Lankan
propagandas of foreign forces and INGOs.<br />
Still the extremist groups, drug smugglers, illegal Arm dealers, foreign
spy agents, bankrupted politicians and leftists do support these
sources. Nevertheless, the facts doctored by the TNA internationally has
affected badly on Sri Lanka.<br />
It is said that Norway has also sponsored certain anti-Sinhalese, anti-army forces indirectly supporting LTTE terrorists.<br />
Bogus Peace agreement, Ceasefire agreement, Sinhalese political
leaders addressing the injustices faced by the Tamils in the history,
Tamil racism, extortion and even discouraging the State Armed forces
made the LTTE terrorists stronger in both locally and internationally.<br />
More than 72,000 non-Tamil lives were already sacrificed for the country’s Peace. <br />
Just because one being a Tamilian, there is no special injustice
caused. It at all there is an injustice, it is common for all –
Sinhalese, Muslims and Tamils. The “make up Tamil Problem” is nothing
but an arm used by the bankrupted and mentally-retarded politicians and
the High class Tamil community. <br />
Though in 2004, the then President Ms. Chandrika Kumarathunga
apologized the world for Tamil massacre happened in 1983 July uprising
and compensated the Tamil victims, the Sinhalese victims were not
treated in the same manner. Both Sinhalese and Tamil were killing in the
1983 insurgency but only the Tamils were compensated. <br />
Government has provided food, medicine to Tamil people and even has
paid salaries to the officials worked for LTTE terrorists. Unlike South,
Northern region receives immense foreign donations yet most of them
ended up in LTTE terrorists’ hands. <br />
“As per our records, there are only 60,000 Tamil orphans on Sri Lanka
but the central government releases aids for more than a millions
people, where does this go?” told by an Indian commander of Indian
Peacekeeping force while commenting on the aids process.<br />
<br />
The TNA which speaks about the difficulties of the Tamil people all the
time, seem to be unaware of the infrastrucre development happening in
the North.<br />
<br />
However, the amount of diplomacy shown by the Indian Central government
amidst the influence of the South Indian political forces is highly
commendable. The advice given by the Indian Prime Minister to Vaiko is
also to be understood by the TNA. TNA being realistic and practical is
highly required if they truly are concerned about the Tamil people.<br />
But it should be recalled that, there is a leader and majority
population who do not fall prey to the TNA and their allied foreign
countries.<br />
<br />
<strong><em>(An adoption of the Sinhalese article of H.L. Austin Silva for Divaina on 02.09.2011)</em></strong><br />
<br />
<br />
- <a href="http://sinhalaya.com/news/eng/2011/when-will-tna-stop-using-innocent-tamils-in-sri-lanka/" target="_blank">Sinhalaya News</a><br /> සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-24067210964670887662015-04-30T08:12:00.001+05:302015-04-30T08:12:58.827+05:30 Sinhale still under White rule. Now governed by Black whites !<div class="post" id="post-41981" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 0px 40px;">
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<h2 style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.3em; margin: 30px 0px 0px;">
<span style="color: blue;"><em>Hoisting of Sinhale Flag and Commemoration of Variyapola Sri Sumangala Thero, 200<sup>th</sup>years Anniversary of Kandyan Kingdom surrender to British empire.</em></span></h2>
<strong> </strong>The Police at the entrance acted very aggressively grabbing National flag from Monks and threw away and threatened the Monks a well as other lay participants who attended the same. Then when the Flag was raised the Police again intervened and created mayhem to which thousands of crowd and foreigners were eye witnessed the cruel behaviour of the Police.<br />
<a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Policethreat.jpg" style="color: #b85b5a; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="Policethreat" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-41982" height="245" src="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Policethreat.jpg" style="border: none; display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px;" width="470" /></a><em><strong>Just before brutal assault on Buddhist monk.</strong></em><br />
The Police from lower to high ranks unaware of the history, culture, politics or ethics at all, created the ugly and provocative situation and immediately brought down the Flag upon hoisting while we were watching. However, upon conclusion of the event we were not allowed to return peacefully by Police again, who blocked our way and threatened every participant, abducting a monk for questioning by over 15 policemen, an threatening and forcing us to give statement.<br />
<a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Policethreat2.jpg" style="color: #b85b5a; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="Policethreat2" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-41983" height="309" src="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Policethreat2.jpg" style="border: none; display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px;" width="650" /></a><br />
<span style="color: blue;"><em><strong>02<sup>nd</sup> March 2015, Magul Maduwa, Kandy Dalada Maaligawa</strong>Swarna Hansa Foundation and Sinhale Jaathika Peramuna</em></span><br /><span style="color: blue;"><em><strong>Hoisting of Sinhale Flag and Commemoration of Variyapola Sri Sumangala Thero, 200<sup>th</sup> years Anniversary of Kandyan Kingdom surrender to British empire.</strong></em></span><br />
We refused any statement as we are not liable to answer the Police on Religious and Cultural matters which is none of their business. Then they assaulted monks and two monks are injured and now admitted to hospital under treatments. Police is totally responsible for the whole episode.<br />
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<h2 class="post-title entry-title" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.3em; margin: 30px 0px 0px;">
<a href="http://www.lankanewsweb.today/2015/03/blog-post_62.html" style="color: #333333; text-decoration: none;">කොටියට ගිය රටේ බල්ලට ගිය සිංහල කොඩිය(විඩියෝව නරඹන්න)</a></h2>
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Posted on 10:48 AM<span class="byline"> by Lankanewsweb Today with <a href="http://www.lankanewsweb.today/2015/03/blog-post_62.html#comment-form" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;">No comments</a></span></div>
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රට බෙදන්නට අර අදින රායප්පු ජෝශප්ලා ප්රමුඛ බෙදුම්වාදීන් උතුරේ කොටි කොඩිය ඔසවත්දී බල නොපාන නීතිය සිංහල දේශයේ සැබෑ උරුමකරුවන් වූ සිංහලයන් සිංහල ධජය එසවීමේදී පමණක් අකුරටම ක්රියාත්මක වීම තරයේ හෙළා දකිමු. කලු සුද්දන් හැදූ වැඩූ නීතියත් සිතින් ගතින් පරගැතියන් වූ ජාතිකත්වය සිද ගත් නීතිය කරවන නිළධරයනුත් යටතේ සුපුරුදු පරිදි එදා මෙන්ම අදත්, හෙටත් ක්රියාත්මක වන්නේ මේ රටේ සැබෑ උරුමකරුවන් වූ සිංහල බෞද්ධයා ඉලක්ක කරගෙන පමණය.(විඩියෝව පහතින් නරඹන්න)<br />
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4 Responses to “Sinhale still under White rule. Now governed by Black whites !”</h2>
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<li class="alt" id="comment-64261" style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-bottom-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; font-size: 0.9em; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" height="32" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/7cde3a451c734ac25e26332835fd0258?s=32&d=http%3A%2F%2F1.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2Fad516503a11cd5ca435acc9bb6523536%3Fs%3D32&r=G" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">Mr. Bernard Wijeyasingha</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2015/03/04/sinhale-still-under-white-rule-now-governed-by-black-whites/#comment-64261" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">March 4th, 2015 at 11:52 am</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
I propose two methods. they can be done independently or simultaneously:</div>
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If the Singhalese flag is prevented in that spot then raise it further out. Raise it in every spot that is allowed till the NO ONE can go anywhere without seeing the Singhalese Flag. SINGHALESE THEN PUT UP THE FLAG IN EVERY HOME, AND EVERY PLACE TILL IT THERE ARE SO MANY FOR THEM TO REMOVE. IN OTHER WORDS RAM THE FLAG INTO THEIR FACE.</div>
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TAKE PHOTOS OF THE POLICE AND FIND OUT ABOUT THEIR FAMILIES. KEEP THOSE RECORDS. THEY ATTACK THE BUDDHIST SANGA THEN LET THEIR FAMILIES PAY FOR IT. IF WAR IS WHAT THEY WANT THEN THEIR FAMILIES, FRIENDS AND BUSINESS PEOPLE MIGHT AS WELL JOIN IN.<br />THIS IS A WAR FOR THE SURVIVAL OF THE SINGHALESE BUDDHIST PEOPLE IN SRI LANKA.</div>
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<li id="comment-64272" style="font-size: 0.9em; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" height="32" src="http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/02684e5ba1d96ccd65cb3472c807a0a4?s=32&d=http%3A%2F%2F0.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2Fad516503a11cd5ca435acc9bb6523536%3Fs%3D32&r=G" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;"><a class="url" href="http://lankaweb/" rel="external nofollow" style="color: #0066cc; font-size: 1.1em; text-decoration: none;">Susantha Wijesinghe</a></cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2015/03/04/sinhale-still-under-white-rule-now-governed-by-black-whites/#comment-64272" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">March 4th, 2015 at 3:26 pm</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
LISTEN TO THE VIDEO PLEASE. This is said with a lot of emotion. Sinhalese Buddhist should NOT be slighted, by the Prime Minister of SRI LANKA. That is my point of view. Sri Lankan Buddhists should face reality. Please do not hurt the SANGHA.</div>
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A BUDDHIST PRIEST SAY, ARA RANIL WICKREMASINGHE, PONNA AGAMATHIYA, Ooo THRASTHA VAADIYATA UDAUV KARANAWA etc.</div>
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Ranil is going over-board with the Tamils. MR did it and in reciprocation, got a kick up his posterior.</div>
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MR. BW, !!! This is a war for the survival of the Singhalese Buddhist People of Sri Lanka. ABSOLUTELY. ABSOLUTELY.</div>
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<li class="alt" id="comment-64332" style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-bottom-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; font-size: 0.9em; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" height="32" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/7cde3a451c734ac25e26332835fd0258?s=32&d=http%3A%2F%2F1.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2Fad516503a11cd5ca435acc9bb6523536%3Fs%3D32&r=G" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">Mr. Bernard Wijeyasingha</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2015/03/04/sinhale-still-under-white-rule-now-governed-by-black-whites/#comment-64332" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">March 5th, 2015 at 9:55 am</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Susantha:</div>
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The Singhalese Nationalist movement is being chipped or hacked away. Ousting Rajapakse in one thing.<br />but then to use the police who are by and large Singhalese Buddhists. whose relatives seek the blessing of the Sanga and where the Buddhist Sanga has played an integral role in Sri Lanka’s politics including her written history for 2500 years is to HIT THE VERY FOUNDATION OF THE SINGHALESE NATIONALIST MOVEMENT. you say “Please do not hurt the Sanga”</div>
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I say. YOU DARE NOT HURT THE SANGA. YOU DARE NOT TAKE THE SANGA’S POWER DOWN OR YOU WILL FACE THE FULL WRATH. YOU WILL NOT GET AWAY WITH THAT!!!.</div>
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<li id="comment-64374" style="font-size: 0.9em; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: bold; list-style: none; margin: 15px 0px 3px; padding: 5px 10px 3px;"><img alt="" class="avatar avatar-32 photo" height="32" src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/b381e6007c64dcadd56e5e1db7773213?s=32&d=http%3A%2F%2F1.gravatar.com%2Favatar%2Fad516503a11cd5ca435acc9bb6523536%3Fs%3D32&r=G" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); float: right; padding: 2px;" width="32" /><cite style="font-size: 1.1em; font-style: normal;">Caesar</cite> Says:<br /><small class="commentmetadata" style="display: block; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2015/03/04/sinhale-still-under-white-rule-now-governed-by-black-whites/#comment-64374" style="color: #0066cc; text-decoration: none;" title="">March 5th, 2015 at 8:58 pm</a></small><div style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 5px; margin-top: 10px;">
Dear Patriotic friends,</div>
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It was me Caesar who was behind initiating this whole episode joining Swarna Hansa Foudation and Sinhale Jaathika Peramuna together along with other National Organizations for the event and was an active participant.</div>
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I am born and bread in Kandy, have blood duty towards national cause because I am a great grand child of late Devendra Moolachari and our blood relationship to King Wimaladharmasooriya clan.</div>
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My maternal side who created Kandyan Crown and Jewelry while Faternal side who created Throne and Weapons for the Sinhala kingdoms. I have a blood duty to protect and regain the lost glory of my Motherland. I will spill blood for this cause!</div>
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http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2015/03/04/sinhale-still-under-white-rule-now-governed-by-black-whites/සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2397869078243469384.post-75792959217929310822015-04-30T07:31:00.000+05:302015-04-30T07:31:49.522+05:30Flags of temples and chieftains<div style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 13.3333330154419px;">
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<tr><td width="100%"><img border="0" height="287" src="http://www.sundayobserver.lk/2005/10/23/z_jun_p09flags.jpg" width="180" /><br /><span style="font-size: 6pt;">Walapone Flag of Vavuniya<br />Disawa flag</span></td></tr>
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Last week we learnt about the different flags used by different kingdoms, provinces and major and minor disawas. Today we will tell you more about these flags as well as those used by temples and chieftains.</div>
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Although most ratas (districts) didn't have banners of their own, Udunuwara had the Kinduru flag depicting a figure blowing a conch shell. It is human above the waist with human arms, and a bird or fish below waist with small wings. This flag can be seen at the Colombo Museum and the Embekka Devale.</div>
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The flags of different provinces are as follows:</div>
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Hathara Korale - the sun and the moon (was presented by King Rajasinghe 1 (1581-1592) to a chieftain for his bravery.)</div>
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Matara - a small elephant (Matara was the headquarters of the chieftain in charge of the royal elephant during the Gampola and Kotte eras.)</div>
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Denewaka Adhikaraya - a yellow silk flag as yellow is sacred to God Saman of Sabaragamuwa which also comes under this province (two flags are preserved at Kundasale Vihara). Sabaragamuwa also had a red silk banner, depicting a cock and the Ravana Kodiya.</div>
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A flag depicting a cock (savul kodiya) was also used by King Mahasen (277-304). It is said that his temple flew this flag on a solid gold flagstaff. Similar flags symbolising the cock had been found at several Kandyan temples. The Kataragama Devale flag, bearing the image of the six-faced, 12-armed God Skanda on a peacock, was the flag for the Ruhuna district as well as for the Devale. Meanwhile, the flag of the Kataragama Devale in Kandy shows God Kataragama on a peacock, the sun and the moon on top and two small elephants below.</div>
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Devinuwara (the city of gods) had in its flag a mythical image known as garuda (half man, half eagle). A seated Siva Natha with his weapon, the trident (thrishula) and a snake or discus in hand is the emblem of the Natha Devale flag.</div>
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Two crescent moons are on the top portion of the flag while there are antelopes and dancers at the bottom. The various chieftains such as nilames, lekams and muhandirams handling various administrative functions also had their own flags and banners.</div>
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The flags of the various chiefs of departments are as follows:</div>
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Maha Lekam (chief secretary) - a palm leaf register and pen</div>
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Gajanayake Nilame (in charge of the elephants) - an elephant</div>
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Kodithuwakku Nilame - a small cannon</div>
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Maha Lekam Department - a giant bird known as athkandalihiniya</div>
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Nanayakkara Lekam - a plain light blue silk banner</div>
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Atapattuwa Lekam - a bow, an unsheathed blade, scabbard (a sword-like weapon), disc, battle axe and drum</div>
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Wedikkara Lekam (in charge of the musketeers) - a plain red silk banner</div>
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Wadanatuwakkukara Lekam (in charge of military equipment) - a white silk flag Paidakkara/Panividakara Lekam - a red silk banner.</div>
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Not only districts, chieftains and temples, but also communities and castes had their own flags and banners. Castes were then decided by the various trades people were engaged in. One of the oldest such flags is the Salagama weavers' flag, also known as 'Namediri' which dates to the 14th century.</div>
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Namediri was the name of the first chief of this caste. This flag, which we showed you last week, depicts various scenes of the arrival of the caste members from South India. The Karawe caste (fisherfolk) had several banners of which one, known as 'Makara flag' was white with an image of a fish in the centre.</div>
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Another showed a man (probably the chief of the caste) riding an elephant surrounded by the sun, moon, stars, fish, pearl umbrellas, ceremonial fans, conch shells, water snake, lotus flowers and a shield.</div>
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The Portuguese period saw symbols such as the cross being added to this flag. This caste had another religious banner which depicted a cross, stars and flowers.</div>
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Facts and pix: Ancient Flags of Sri Lanka by T.M.G.S. Silva</div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana;"><span style="font-size: 13.3333330154419px;">http://www.sundayobserver.lk/2005/10/23/juniorob03.html</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana;"><span style="font-size: 13.3333330154419px;"><br /></span></span>සිංහල දීපයhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14742298755134344223noreply@blogger.com0